Sonke siyazi ukuba isifo seswekile siye saba sisifo esixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lethu. Mhlawumbi umntu kusapho lwakho, umhlobo, okanye wena ngokwakho unale meko. Kodwa kutheni isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini sixhaphake kangaka? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nje ngezizathu zokwenyani ezichaphazela oku kunye noko kwenzekayo emizimbeni yethu esingakuqondiyo.
Kutheni sifumana isifo seswekile? Indima ye-insulin
Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sijonge indlela esebenza ngayo imizimba yethu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nemoto. Le moto ifuna ipetroli ukuze isebenze. Ngokufanayo, iibhiliyoni zeeseli emizimbeni yethu zifuna amandla ukuze zisebenze. La mandla avela kwiswekile, iglucose , eyenziwa xa sicola ukutya esikutyayo. Le glucose ifumaneka egazini.
Kodwa le glucose ayinakungena nje kwiiseli. Ifuna "isitshixo." Eso sitshixo yi-hormone insulin . Le insulin yenziwa sisitho esibizwa ngokuba yi-pancreas esiswini sethu. Xa sisitya, inqanaba leglucose egazini liyakhula, ngoko i-pancreas ivelisa i-insulin ize iyongeze egazini. Le insulin ivula "iingcango" zeeseli ize ivumele i-glucose ingene. Emva koko iiseli zifumana amandla kwaye inqanaba leswekile egazini liyalawulwa.
Ngoko ke, isifo seswekile siyakhula xa le nkqubo ingahambi kakuhle. Inokwenzeka ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili:
1. I-pancreas yakho ayivelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo .
2. Nangona ipancreas ivelisa i-insulin, iiseli zomzimba aziphenduli ngokufanelekileyo kuloo insulin . Kufana nofudo oluvalelwe emnyango nangona lunesitshixo. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba kukunganyamezelani ne-insulin .
3. Zombini ezi zinto zenzeka kunye.
Abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini bavelisa i-insulin emizimbeni yabo. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba ayanele okanye iiseli azikwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Ngenxa yoko, i-glucose ayinakungena kwiiseli kwaye iqokelelana egazini. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba 'yiswekile ephezulu egazini'.
Ziziphi izinto eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko?
Akukho nto inye ebangela isifo seswekile, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.
Ubunzima bomzimba kunye nokungazilolongi
Esi sesona sizathu siphambili nesona sixhaphakileyo . Umngcipheko wesifo seswekile uyanda kakhulu xa ubunzima bomzimba, ingakumbi ngaphezu kobunzima obufanelekileyo bokuphakama. Okuyingozi ngakumbi kukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwindawo yesisu (amafutha esiswini) . Ezi seli zamafutha ezongezelelweyo zinegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekuchaseni i-insulin.
Indlela yokuphila yokungenzi nto, oko kuthetha ukuhlala phantsi uninzi losuku kwaye ungenzi naluphi na uhlobo lomthambo, kwandisa le ngozi nangakumbi. Ukulahlekelwa yi-5% ukuya kwi-10% yobunzima bomzimba wakho kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wesifo seswekile.
Imikhwa emibi yokutya
Yonke into esiyityayo ichaphazela amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Ngokukodwa,
- Ukutya okunamafutha (umz., ukutya okufutshane, i-kottu, irayisi eqhotsiweyo)
- Iziselo kunye nokutya okuneswekile (iikeyiki, iibhisikithi, itofi, iziselo ezimnandi)
- Inyama ecutshungulweyo
- Ukutya kakhulu iicarbohydrate ezicolwa ngokukhawuleza ezifana nesonka esimhlophe nerayisi emhlophe
Imikhwa yokutya efana nale inokubangela ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokunganyamezelani ne-insulin.
Imbali yosapho (umnombo)
Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba umama wakho, utata, umnakwenu okanye udadewenu unesifo seswekile, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba naso kunabanye. Kukho unxibelelwano lwemfuza noku. Kodwa ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unaso akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba naso. Kodwa kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi kunabanye.
Ubudala kunye nohlanga
Umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile uyanda kancinci kancinci emva kweminyaka engama-45. Kwaye uphando olwenziwe kwihlabathi liphela lubonise ukuba lo mngcipheko uphezulu kwamanye amaqela eentlanga. Umzekelo, thina, esingama-Asia, sinomngcipheko ophezulu.
Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile
Kukho izifo ezithile ezinokubangela isifo seswekile. Ukuba unesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, kububulumko ukuthetha nogqirha ukuze uvavanyelwe isifo seswekile.
| Imeko yempilo/umngcipheko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Igazi elonyukayo | Kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi koxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile. |
| Amanqanaba amafutha egazini (iCholesterol) | Ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol elungileyo (i-HDL) egazini kunye nokwanda kohlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuba yi-triglycerides. |
| I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) | Le yimeko yamahomoni echaphazela abafazi. Abantu abaninzi abane-PCOS bakwanayo ne-insulin resistance. |
| Isifo Seswekile Sokukhulelwa | Isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa luhlobo lwesifo seswekile esenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuphela kwaye sinyamalale emva kokubeleka. Abantu abanale meko basengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kamva ebomini. |
| I-prediabetes | Imeko apho amanqanaba eswekile egazini ephezulu kunesiqhelo, kodwa engekho phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingathathwa njengesifo seswekile. Oku kufana nesilumkiso. |
Ezinye izizathu
- Ukutshaya: Abantu abatshaya icuba basengozini ephezulu ye-30%-40% yokufumana isifo seswekile kunabo bangatshayiyo.
- Iingxaki zokulala: Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamahomoni omzimba kunye nobuthathaka be-insulin.
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sengqondo, kunye ne-cholesterol (umz., ii-steroids, ezinye ii-diuretics) anokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza ugqirha wakho awakunike wona ngenxa yoku. Ukuba uneengxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Uyazi njani ukuba unesifo seswekile?
Ugqirha udla ngokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo seswekile ngokujonga iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi.
- Ukuzila Iswekile Egazini (FBS): Olu vavanyo lwenziwa emva kokuzila ukutya ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-8-10 kwaye ixabiso liyi-126 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu.
- Uvavanyo lwe-HbA1c: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa inqanaba lakho eliqhelekileyo leswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo. Ukuba ixabiso liyi-6.5% okanye ngaphezulu.
- I-OGTT (Uvavanyo Lokunyamezela Iswekile Yomlomo): Ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini liyi-200 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu kwiiyure ezimbini emva kokusela isisombululo seswekile.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha akafumanisi sifo ngovavanyo olunye kuphela, kodwa uyakuqinisekisa oku ngokusihlola kwakhona ngolunye usuku.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaxhalabi ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto ziyingozi. Oko akuthethi ukuba unesifo seswekile, kodwa kuthetha ukuba lixesha lokuba unyamekele indlela ophila ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izizathu eziphambili zesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo (ingakumbi amafutha esiswini) kunye nokungazilolongi . Ezi zizinto esinokuzitshintsha.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo seswekile, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi kunabanye.
- Ezinye izifo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol, ziyandisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulawula ezo meko kakuhle.
- Ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla, kunye nokugcina ubunzima obufanelekileyo obuhambelana nobude bakho zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokuzikhusela kwisifo seswekile.
- Ukuba uneengxaki okanye izinto ezibangela isifo seswekile, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhululekileyo ngaloo nto uze ufumane iingcebiso kunye novavanyo olufanelekileyo. Okukhona sibonwa kwangethuba, kokukhona kulula ukusilawula.
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