Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ngaba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nangona unyuka izinyuko ezincinci? Uninzi lwexesha, asicingi ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ingxaki entliziyweni yethu esingayaziyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko eyenza intliziyo ibe buthathaka kancinci kancinci, kodwa abantu abaninzi abazi ngayo. Yiyo loo nto i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
Yintoni kanye kanye iDilated Cardiomyopathy?
Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu zentliziyo yakho zisolula kwaye ziba nkulu kunesiqhelo. Kanye njengokuba ibhande lerabha liphelelwa bubuthambile xa loluliwe, izihlunu zethu zentliziyo ziyasolula, zinciphe, kwaye zibe buthathaka.
Le meko iqala ikakhulu kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo, igumbi eliphambili lokumpompa lentliziyo. Eli gumbi yinxalenye ephambili epompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngoko ke xa esi sihlunu sibuthathaka, intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo ibetha, inxalenye yegazi ekufuneka ipompelwe ishiyeka ngaphakathi entliziyweni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kuba ngumthwalo omkhulu entliziyweni. Kukwanciphisa inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba wonke ukuze ufumane ioksijini kunye nezondlo.
Nangona kungekho datha ithile ngale nto eSri Lanka, uphando lufumanise ukuba malunga nabantu abangama-36 kwabayi-100,000 kwihlabathi liphela banale meko. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu loku. Kwaye zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunceda ukulawula le meko.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi kwizigaba zokuqala zesi sifo, abanazo iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ukusebenza kwentliziyo kuya kusiba mandundu kancinci, unokuqala ukufumana iimpawu. Ezi mpawu azihlali zivela ngequbuliso kodwa ziyanda kancinci kancinci.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngelixa usenza imisebenzi emincinci, uhamba, okanye umile nje. |
| Ukudinwa | Ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga, okunganyamezelekiyo okuvayo imini yonke, nokuba sele ulele kakuhle. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, kunye nesisu (i-Edema) | Ukudumba kwemilenze, iinyawo, kunye nesisu ngenxa yokuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni ngenxa yokusebenza okubuthathaka kwentliziyo. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Ukuziva ngathi isantya sentliziyo yakho siyanda ngequbuliso kwaye isifuba sakho siyabetha ngamandla. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nokuquleka | Ukuba nesiyezi, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okanye ukuquleka okubangelwa kukungafiki kakuhle kwegazi engqondweni. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki | Intlungu evakala ngathi ixinezelekile esifubeni, ngokungathi kukho ubunzima kuso. |
| Ukukhwehlela kunye nokuxinana kwesifuba | Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo okubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni. |
| Ukutyeba kwakho | Ukwanda kobunzima obungalindelekanga kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yokugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni. |
Zithini izizathu zeDilated Cardiomyopathy?
Kudla ngokuba nzima ukufumana unobangela othile wale meko. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kuye kwachongwa izinto ezininzi. Abanye abantu banokuchaphazeleka zizinto ezingaphezu kwesinye kwezi.
| Isizathu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Izakhi zofuzo ezidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana | Kufunyenwe ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-50% abanesi sifo basifumana kwi-genes zabo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-familial dilated cardiomyopathy. |
| Isifo semithambo yegazi kunye nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo | Le meko inokubangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni okanye umonakalo kwimisipha yentliziyo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo ixesha elide lunokwenza buthathaka izihlunu zentliziyo ngokunyanzela intliziyo ukuba isebenze nzima. |
| Usulelo lwentsholongwane | Le meko inokubangelwa ziintlobo ezithile zeentsholongwane (umz. i-hepatitis, i-HIV) okanye usulelo oluchaphazela izihlunu zentliziyo ngokwazo (i-myocarditis). |
| Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo | Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo kangangeminyaka emininzi konakalisa ngokuthe ngqo izihlunu zentliziyo. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo se-thyroid, isifo se-valve yentliziyo, kunye nesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa. |
| Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa | Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki ezenzeka ngexesha lokugqibela lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokubeleka. |
| Amanye amayeza kunye neziyobisi | Amanye amayeza e-chemotherapy omhlaza kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezifana ne-cocaine. |
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela kule meko?
Xa i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy iba mandundu ngakumbi, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka. Ezinye zezi zinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa isifo kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ezi ngxaki zenzeke. Emva koko ezi ngozi zingancitshiswa kakhulu.
- Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Le yeyona ngxaki iphambili. Intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomzimba.
- I-Arrhythmia: Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo okubangelwa lutshintsho kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo.
- Iingxaki zeevalvu zentliziyo: Ngenxa yokwanda kwentliziyo, iivalvu entliziyweni azivaleki kakuhle kwaye igazi liqala ukuvuza umva.
- Amahlwili egazi: Amahlwili egazi anokwenziwa entliziyweni ngenxa yokwehla kwesantya sokumpompa kwentliziyo. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi liyaqhekeka lize libambeke emthanjeni osebuchotsheni, lingabangela isifo sohlangothi , okanye ukuba libambeke emthanjeni osemiphungeni, lingabangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary embolism .
- Ukubanjwa Kwentliziyo Ngequbuliso: Ukuphela kwentliziyo ngequbuliso ngenxa ye-arrhythmia eyingozi.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wakho. Uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo (imbali yosapho), kunye nembali yakho yezonyango.
Emva koko, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga. Uza kumamela esifubeni sakho nge-stethoscope ukujonga ulwelo olukwimiphunga yakho nokumamela izandi zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (ukugquma kwentliziyo). Ugqirha usenokuva ukugquma kwentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba ube nazo naziphi na iimpawu.
Uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
Emva kokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba, ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo, ukuqonda ubukhali baso, kunye nokucwangcisa unyango olufanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo.
| Uvavanyo | Kulindeleke ntoni koku? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lufana nokuskena komntwana. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo, ubungakanani bamagumbi ayo, kunye nendlela epompa ngayo igazi ngokufanelekileyo. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Uvavanyo olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Lunokubona iimeko ezifana ne-arrhythmia. |
| I-X-reyi yesifuba | Ungajonga ukuba intliziyo inkulu kunesiqhelo na kwaye ingaba ulwelo luqokelelene na emiphungeni. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Fumanisa ukuba kukho umonakalo kwimisipha yentliziyo, kunye nezinye izizathu ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye neengxaki ze-thyroid. |
| I-MRI scan yentliziyo | Ungafumana umfanekiso ocacileyo wobukhulu kunye nomsebenzi wamagumbi entliziyo. |
| I-Angiogram | Jonga ukuba akukho zithintelo kwimithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Nangona kungekho nyango lwesi sifo, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olunokulawula iimpawu, luthintele intliziyo yakho ukuba ingabi buthathaka, kwaye lukuncede uphile ixesha elide. Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono. Unyango lunokwahlulwa lube ziinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili.
1. Amayeza (iintlobo zamayeza)
Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza aliqela okuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.
- Ii-ACE inhibitors kunye ne-ARNI: Ezi zandisa imithambo yegazi, zehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye zinciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni.
- Ii-Beta-blockers: Lawula izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, phumza intliziyo, kwaye uphucule ukusebenza kwentliziyo kwixesha elide.
- Iziyobisi zomchamo:Ezi zibizwa ngokuba "ziipilisi zamanzi." Zinceda ekususeni ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni ngomchamo, zinciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuphefumla kancinci.
- Ii-Aldosterone antagonists: Ezi zikwaluhlobo lwe-diuretic. Zinceda ekulawuleni i-sodium kunye nolwelo emzimbeni.
- Iianticoagulants: La mayeza anikwa ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi entliziyweni ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba kwenzeke.
2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Amayeza odwa awanelanga. Utshintsho oluncinci onokulwenza kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla lunokunyusa kakhulu impumelelo yonyango.
- Nciphisa ukungenisa ityuwa: Ityuwa yeyona nto ibangela ukuba umzimba ugcine ulwelo. Ukunciphisa ukungenisa ityuwa ekutyeni kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba kunye noxinzelelo entliziyweni.
- Ziphephe iziyobisi notywala: Ekubeni utywala buyonakalisa ngqo imisipha yentliziyo, kubalulekile ukuba uyeke ngokupheleleyo okanye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokwengcebiso kagqirha. Iziyobisi ezifana ne-cocaine maziphetshwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuzilolonga okulula: Ungawuphucula umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho ngokwenza umthambo olula (umz. ukuhamba) ofanelekileyo kuwe kwaye ovunyiweyo ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukutya okunempilo kwintliziyo: Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, inyama engenamafutha amaninzi (inkukhu, intlanzi), njl. Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye neswekile.
3. Utyando kunye nezinye iinkqubo zonyango
Ukuba isifo sikwinqanaba elibi kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukusilawula ngamayeza odwa, ugqirha unokucebisa indlela efana nale.
- I-Biventricular Pacemaker: Isixhobo esincinci esinceda amagumbi entliziyo ukuba anciphe ngaxeshanye, nto leyo enyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kokumpompa.
- I-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Isixhobo esibona i-arrhythmia eyingozi kwaye sinikeze umothuko omncinci wombane entliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe isingqisho sentliziyo.
- I-LVAD (Isixhobo Sokuncedisa I-Ventricular Sasekhohlo): Impompo yomatshini enceda ipompo yentliziyo. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa okwethutyana kwizigulana ezilindele ukufakelwa intliziyo.
- Ukufakelwa Intliziyo: Olu khetho lokugqibela oluqwalaselwayo kwizigulana kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumelelanga.
Yintoni omele uyilindele xa uphila nesi sifo?
Ingqikelelo yakho ixhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo, ubukhali besifo, kunye nokuba uqala nini unyango kwangethuba. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaye luqhubeke nomsebenzi walo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zinokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye kunokufuneka balale esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Unyango lwesi sifo lungcono kakhulu ngoku kunokuba lwalunjalo kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Ngenxa yonyango oluphucukileyo lwanamhlanje, abantu abangaphezu kwama-80% abanale sifo basaphila ubomi obulungileyo emva kweminyaka esi-8 bengadingi ukufakelwa intliziyo.
Ufanele uzinyamekele njani?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uzikhathalele kolu hambo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho: Sela amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangedosi efanelekileyo. Ungaphoswa nalusuku olunye.
- Zilinganisele imihla ngemihla: Zilinganisele ngexesha elifanayo rhoqo kusasa uze ubhale phantsi ubunzima bakho. Ukunyuka kobunzima ngequbuliso ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini kunokuthetha ukuba ubunzima bakho buyakhula. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Yiya kwiikliniki ezicwangcisiweyo: Qiniseka ukuba uya ekliniki ngeentsuku eziyalelwe ngugqirha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga imeko yakho.
- Mamela umzimba wakho: Ukuba uziva ngathi iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, umzekelo, ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye ukuba imilenze yakho iyadumba, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho.
Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye ulusizi xa ufumanisa ukuba unengxaki yentliziyo. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Ngonyango lwanamhlanje, le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nazo naziphi na iingxaki okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Wena nogqirha wakho nikolu hambo kunye.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Dilated Cardiomyopathy yimeko enzima apho izihlunu zentliziyo ziba buthathaka kwaye intliziyo ikhula.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa okungachazekiyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze.
- Oku kunokuphenjelelwa zizinto ezininzi, ezinje ngezizathu zemfuza, usulelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nemikhwa yokuphila.
- Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu.
- Unyango lufuna amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha utyando.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngemihla ebekiweyo.
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