Sonke sinamaxesha apho siphupha emini, xa silahlekelwa ziingqondo okomzuzwana. Xa uqhuba imoto, ngequbuliso uzibuza, "Ndifike njani apha?" Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa ukuba uhlala uziva ungenanto, ungadibani, malunga nokuba ungubani, uphi, ziziphi iinkumbulo zakho, oko kusenokuba yinto ekufuneka sithethe ngayo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiDissociative Disorders.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iDissociative Disorder?
Le yimeko yempilo yengqondo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba unxibelelwano phakathi kweengcinga zakho, iinkumbulo, iimvakalelo, ubuwena, kunye nokuqonda kwakho ihlabathi elikungqongileyo luyaphazamiseka. Ngamafutshane, uziva "ungazibandakanyi" nehlabathi lokwenyani, okanye umzimba wakho. Kufana nokuba ujonga ubomi bakho ngaphandle.
Ezi meko zihlala zenzeka emva kokufumana isiganeko esinzima nesibuhlungu. Zifana nendlela yokuzikhusela esetyenziswa yingqondo ukubaleka iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo. Kodwa ukuba le ndlela iyaqhubeka, inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zale meko?
Iingxaki zokuhlukana zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezintathu. Uhlobo ngalunye luneempawu ezahluke kancinci. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Uhlobo lweSifo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ingxaki yoBuntu obuDissociative (DID) | Ubukho bobuntu obubini okanye ngaphezulu obuhlukeneyo ngaphakathi komntu. Ubunto nganye kwezi (ezibizwa ngokuba "zii-alters") ineenkumbulo zayo, iindlela zokuziphatha, kunye neminqweno yayo. Bunto enye kuphela kwezi zinto ezilawula umntu ngexesha. |
| Ukungakwazi Ukuqonda Izinto Ngokudibanisa I-Dissociative Amnesia | Ukulibala ngequbuliso iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakho, ingakumbi ezo zinxulumene neziganeko ezibuhlungu. Oku kunzulu kakhulu kunokulibala okuqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha usenokulibala nokuba ungubani. |
| Ingxaki yokungabi nabuntu/yokungakhathali | Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini koku. Ukungabi nabuntu kukuziva ukhululekile emzimbeni wakho nakwiingcinga zakho, ngokungathi ujongwa ngaphandle. Ukungabi nalwazi kukuziva ukuba abantu kunye nendawo ekungqongileyo ayingobokwenyani, kodwa kufana nokufiphala, njengephupha. |
Ukongeza, kukho uphawu olubizwa ngokuba yi -dissociative fugue . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba uyalibala ukuba ungubani uze ngequbuliso uzive usendaweni ongayaziyo.
Kutheni le meko isenzeka?
Eyona nto ibangela oku ichongiweyo ngamava anzima kakhulu (ukwenzakala) . Ingakumbi ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, okanye ngokwesondo ngexesha lobuntwana kunempembelelo enkulu koku.
Khawucinge nje, umntwana omncinci uziva intlungu noloyiko olunganyamezelekiyo. Ngelo xesha, umntwana akanandlela yokubaleka kuloo meko. Emva koko, ingqondo, ukuze isuse loo ntlungu, iqala "ukuhlukana" nengqondo kweso siganeko. Kufana nokwenza isigqibo sokuba "oku akwenzeki kum, kwenzeka komnye umntu."
Nangona oku ekuqaleni kunceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu, ekuhambeni kwexesha olu "kwahlukana" luba ngumkhwa kwaye luqala ukuchaphazela ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Kulapho ke luba yingxaki yezonyango.
Ukongeza ekuxhatshazweni kwabantwana,
- Ujongene nengozi enkulu
- Ukujongana nentlekele yendalo (ezifana nezikhukula, ukudilika komhlaba)
- Ukuhlala kwindawo enemfazwe
- Ukuba lixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho olunzima
Izinto ezinje zinokubangela ukuba ezi meko zenzeke.
Zivakala njani kanye kanye ezi mpawu?
Iimpawu zale meko ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo. Ezi mpawu zinokuba mandundu xa uxinzelelo lusanda.
Iimpawu zeDissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Ukuba umntu ukhe wakwenza oko, indlela aziphatha ngayo inokutshintsha kakhulu ukusuka komnye umzuzu ukuya komnye. Khawuthelekelele unomhlobo othule kakhulu kwaye oneentloni ngezinye iintsuku. Ngomnye umhla uya kuba nenkohlakalo kwaye ethetha kakhulu. Ngomnye umhla aziphatha njengomntwana omncinci. Ngamnye wabo "bantu" unokuba nelizwi elahlukileyo, iinkumbulo ezahlukeneyo, kunye neminqweno eyahlukeneyo.
- Izikhewu zenkumbulo: Kuqhelekile ukuba ungaziqondi izinto ozenzileyo okanye ozithethileyo, ulwazi lwakho olubalulekileyo, okanye iziganeko zosuku.
- Ukutshintshana kobuwena: Oku kutshintshana kobuwena kwenzeka ngequbuliso kwaye ngaphandle kolawulo.
Iimpawu ze-Dissociative Amnesia
Uphawu oluphambili kukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (i-amnesia).
- I-Localized Amnesia: Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo epheleleyo yesiganeko okanye ixesha elithile. (Umzekelo, ukungakhumbuli nto malunga neveki emva kwengozi enkulu). Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo.
- Ukukhohlwa Okukhethayo: Ukulibala kuphela iindawo ezithile zesiganeko. (Umzekelo, ukukhumbula ukukhala ngexesha lomlo, kodwa kungekhona indlela umntu abethwe ngayo).
- Ukukhumbula okuqhelekileyo: Ukulibala ngokupheleleyo ukuba ungubani kunye nebali lobomi bakho. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu.
Rhoqo, umntu akazi ukuba ulahlekelwe yinkumbulo yakhe, kodwa usapho nabahlobo bayawazi umahluko.
Iimpawu zesifo sokungabi nabuntu/sokungazalisi
Umntu onesi sifo uhlala eziva ezi mvakalelo.
- Ukungabi nabuntu: Iimvakalelo ezinje "Andikho emzimbeni wam," "Ndiyaphupha," "Ilizwi lam alilo lam." Usenokuvakalelwa kukuba umzimba wakho usebenza ngokungalawulekiyo, njengerobhothi.
- Ukungaqondi kakuhle: Iimvakalelo ezinje ngokuba "ihlabathi elindingqongileyo alikho ngokoqobo", "yonke into ayicacanga, ibukeka njengemuvi", "ixesha lihamba kancinci kakhulu, okanye livakala ngathi lihamba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu".
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nokuba ezi mvakalelo zifika, umntu uyazi ukuba oku akuqhelekanga . Yiyo loo nto enokoyika kakhulu aze akhathazeke kukuba uyaphambana.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?
Ukuba unale mpawu, kufuneka uqale ubonane nogqirha wakho. Uza kuxoxa ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho.
Iimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zinokubangelwa zezinye izifo zomzimba, ngoko ke ugqirha uya kuqala ajonge ezo zizathu.
- Ukulimala entloko
- Iithumba zobuchopho
- Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye utywala
Wakuba ugqibile ukuba akukho nto ibangela ukuba umntu azive engumntu onesifo sengqondo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo, njengogqirha wengqondo okanye ingcali yezengqondo. Baza kuthetha nawe ixesha elide, bajonge indlela oziphatha ngayo, baze bafumanise ukuba esi sisifo sokwahlukana.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokunyanga ezi meko yi -psychotherapy , okanye i-talk therapy. Injongo ephambili kukukunceda ulawule le nkqubo "yokwahlukana" kunye neempawu.
- Unyango Lokuziphatha Oluqondayo (i-CBT): Oku kukunceda uchonge iingcinga zakho ezimbi kunye nokuziphatha kwakho uze uzithathele indawo ngeepateni zokucinga ezisempilweni.
- Unyango Lokuziphatha Nge-Dialectical (DBT): Olu nyango lubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaziva iimvakalelo kakhulu. Lubanceda bafunde iindlela ezintsha zokulawula iimvakalelo zabo.
- Unyango lwe-EMDR: Oku kubandakanya ukuhambisa amehlo ngendlela ethile ngelixa uhlaziya iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu. Oku kunceda kakhulu ekuphilisweni kwentlungu.
Olu nyango ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba nzima kuba lubandakanya ukukhumbula iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu zexesha elidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango oluhlala ixesha elide phantsi kwesikhokelo sogqirha othembekileyo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kwaye ubomi obuphumelelayo bunokufezekiswa.
Nangona kungekho mayeza athile ale meko, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza kwezinye iimeko ezinokubakho, ezinje ngokudakumba okanye ukuxhalaba.
Ingaba le yimeko eyingozi?
Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokulawula iimpawu zabo baze baqhubeke nokusebenza kakuhle kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuzama ukuzibulala kunye nokuzilimaza kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-DID. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-70% abantu abane-DID bazama ukuzibulala.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzenzakalisa, musa ukulibazisa. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko, okanye uthethe nogqirha wakho. Ukucela uncedo akubonisi ubuthathaka, luphawu lwamandla.
Ukuba uhlangabezana nezi mpawu, ungoyiki ukuthetha ngazo. Ezi azilotyala lakho. Ezi ziimeko zonyango ezinokunyangeka. Okukhona ufumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona zingabi nampembelelo ingako ebomini bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iingxaki zokungazibandakanyi ziimeko zempilo yengqondo ezibandakanya ukuziva "ungazibandakanyi" nomntu, iinkumbulo zakhe, kunye nendawo akuyo.
- Isizathu esiphambili soku ngamava anzima kakhulu, ingakumbi ngexesha lobuntwana.
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuziva ngathi ungaphandle komzimba wakho, ukuziva ngathi indawo okuyo ayiyonyani, nokuba nobuntu obahlukeneyo zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- Asikuko oku okubangela ingxaki. Esi sisifo esinokunyangeka.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane icebiso. Unyango lwengqondo lunokulawula ngempumelelo iimpawu.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa, ungaze ubandezeleke wedwa. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.
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