Ingaba nespleen yakho idumbile? Makhe sithethe ngale nto (iSplenomegaly)!

Ngaba wakha weva "nge-spleen ekhulisiweyo"? Usenokuba nomdla kancinci ngayo. Okanye, ugqirha usenokuba ukuxelele okanye umntu omaziyo ngayo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngento ebangela ukuba le spleen ikhulisiweyo, okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza (i-Splenomegaly) , ibe yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, kwaye yintoni enokwenziwa ngayo.

Yintoni le spleen? Kwenzeka ntoni kuyo?

Ngamafutshane, i-spleen sisitho esincinci kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Khawucinge ngayo kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho, kwinxalenye ephezulu, phantsi kweembambo zakho, malunga nobukhulu benqindi. Iyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela .

I-spleen inemisebenzi emininzi ephambili:

• Ukucocwa kwegazi: Njengesihluzo, kususa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala kunye neentsholongwane egazini lethu.
• Ukususwa kwenkunkuma: Kunceda ekususeni inkunkuma egazini nasekuyikhupheni emzimbeni.
• Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi: Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wespleen kukuvelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifunekayo emzimbeni wethu ukulwa nezifo.

I-spleen esempilweni idla ngokuba malunga neesentimitha ezili-12 ubude kwaye inobunzima obumalunga neegram ezingama-70. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-spleen ikhula, inokukhula ibe malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 kwaye inobunzima obungaphezu kwe-1,000 grams. Kunzima ukuyicinga, akunjalo?

Kutheni le spleen idumbile? Zithini izizathu?

Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokudumba kwepleen. Ezinye zazo zezokwexeshana kwaye ziya kuphela zodwa. Kodwa ezinye zazo zinokuba ziimpawu zezifo ezinzulu nezihlala ixesha elide.

Makhe sijonge ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:

• Iintsholongwane: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
• Usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane: Imizekelo ibandakanya `(iMononucleosis)` (ekwabizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaKeesin) kunye `(iHIV)`.
• Iintsholongwane: ezifana `(iSifo sephepha)` (iSifo sephepha), `(i-Endocarditis)` (usulelo lomaleko wangaphakathi wentliziyo).
• Izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane: Izifo ezifana ne-`(Malaria)` kunye ne-`(Toxoplasmosis)` zibeka uxinzelelo kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwi-spleen. Emva koko i-spleen iqala ukuvelisa ii-antibodies ezingaphezulu kunye neeseli zomzimba kunokuba ifuna, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -`(Hyperplasia)` . Oku kubangela ukuba i-spleen idumbe.

• Isifo sesibindi: Abantu abanesifo sesibindi, esifana ne-hepatitis engapheliyo okanye i-cirrhosis, banokuba noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi ehamba ngesibindi kunye ne-spleen. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-portal hypertension . Olu xinzelelo lunokubangela ukuba igazi lihlangane kwaye lubangele ukuba i-spleen idumbe. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo ozaliswa ngamanzi.

• Umhlaza:
• Umhlaza okhula egazini, njenge-leukemia kunye ne-myeloproliferative neoplasms (ii-MPN).
• Umhlaza we-lymph glands, oko kukuthi, i-lymphoma.

Xa iiseli zomhlaza ezinje zingena kwi-spleen zize ziqale ukwanda apho, i-spleen iyadumba.

• Ezinye izizathu:
• Izilonda ezikwi-spleen: I-spleen inokukhula ngenxa ye-cyst, i-abscess, okanye umhlaza osasazekayo oye wasasazeka kwi-spleen.
• Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba ngokwawo: Umzekelo, iimeko zokudumba ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana ne-lupus, i-sarcoidosis, kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zinokubangela ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenze kakhulu kwaye ibangele ukuba i-spleen idumbe.
• Iingxaki zegazi: Kwiimeko ezifana ne-hemolytic anemia (ukuqhekeka ngokukhawuleza kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi) kunye ne-neutropenia (ukuncipha kohlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi), i-spleen inokuvuvukala njengoko kufuneka isebenze nzima ukususa ezi seli.
• Iingxaki zemetabolism ezizuzwe njengelifa: Izifo ezifana nesifo sikaNiemann-Pick, isifo sikaGaucher, kunye nesifo se-sickle cell zibangela ukuba izinto ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni ziqokelele egazini zize zibekwe kwizitho zomzimba. Xa ezi zinto ziqokeleleka kwi-spleen, ziyadumba.
• I-Thrombosis: Ukuba ihlwili legazi lihlala kwimithambo yegazi esibindini okanye kwi-spleen, uxinzelelo luyanda kwaye igazi lingahlangana, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-spleen idumbe.

Ingaba i-spleen evuvukileyo iyingozi?

I-spleen evuvukileyo luphawu lweemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ezinye zisenokungabi zinzulu, kodwa ezinye zinokuba zinzulu kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela oku. Kulapho ke kuphela apho unokugqiba khona ukuba ngaba kufuneka unyango, kwaye loluphi uhlobo.

Khumbula, ukuba i-spleen ekhulisiweyo ayinyangwa, inokuqala ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wayo. Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, i-spleen ekhulisiweyo kakhulu inokuqhekeka. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ukopha ngaphakathi kunokuqala kwaye kunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ukuba i-spleen yam idumbile, zeziphi iimpawu eziya kuvela?

Ixesha elininzi, awuyi kuqaphela ukuba i-spleen yakho idumbile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho iimpawu, zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lesisu. Le ntlungu ingasasazeka nasegxalabeni lasekhohlo okanye emqolo.
• I-spleen ephathwayo: Ngokwesiqhelo, asinakuyiva i-spleen ngezandla zethu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba idumbile, ugqirha unokukwazi ukuyiva xa ehlola isisu.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya okanye ukuziva ugcwele kwanasemva kokutya kancinci: Oku kunokwenzeka kuba ipleyini enkulu icinezela isisu ngaphantsi.

Ukuba i-spleen iqala ukusebenza kakubi, iimpawu ezifana nezi zinokuvela:

• Iimpawu ze-Anemia: Ezi ziquka ukuziva ubuthathaka, udiniwe, kwaye uphaphathekile.
• Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye ezinye izifo.
• Ukudumba okulula nokopha.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zepleen ekhulisiweyo?

I-spleen evuvukileyo inokubangela ezinye iingxaki.

• Ukufa kwezicubu: I-spleen evuvukele kakhulu isenokungafumani igazi elaneleyo. Emva koko izicubu ziyaphelelwa yioksijini kunye nezondlo zize ziqale ukufa.
• I-Hypersplenism: I-spleen ekhulisiweyo inokuba negalelo elikhulu kwaye iqalise ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezininzi zegazi (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets). Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana ne-anemia, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi, okanye iiplatelets ezisezantsi.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen: Oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, i-spleen enkulu inokuqhekeka ukuba kukho into ebetha isisu okanye ukuba uwe ngamandla. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuqhekeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Ukuba i-spleen iyaqhekeka, yimeko esongela ubomi.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ipleen ekhulisiweyo?

Ungaya kugqirha uneentlungu zesisu. Okanye, ungahamba neempawu ezinxulumene nesinye isifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha bafumana i-spleen ekhulisiweyo ngengozi, nokuba ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo okanye xa bekhangela enye into.

Ugqirha angaziva ipleyini enkulu xa ehlola isisu sakho. Oku kunokuqinisekiswa nangovavanyo olwahlukeneyo:

• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:
• I-ultrasound yesisu okanye i-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-spleen idumbile na, idumbile kangakanani na, ukuba kukho ithumba, nokuba kukho uxinzelelo kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• I-MRI scan ingabonisa indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngepleen.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuba unobangela awucaci, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi. Olu vavanyo lunokujonga iimeko ezithile, ezinje ngomhlaza, iingxaki zegazi, kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
• Uhlalutyo lomongo wethambo: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isampuli encinci yomongo wakho wethambo (i-bone marrow aspiration kunye/okanye i-bone marrow biopsy). Oku kunokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nendlela i-spleen yakho esebenza ngayo kwaye kunokunceda ekuchongeni izifo ezithile.

Ngoko ke, wenza ntoni xa i-spleen yakho idumbile? Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-spleen ibuyela kubukhulu bayo obuqhelekileyo xa imeko ebangela ukuba i-spleen idumbe inyangiwe. Ezinye iimeko, ezinje ngezifo, ziyaphola ngokwazo. Ezinye iimeko zinokunyangwa ngamayeza, utofelo-gazi, okanye utyando.

Ezinye izifo azinanyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni banike unyango lwemitha oluphantsi ukunciphisa ukudumba kwepleen, okanye bakhuphe ipleen ngotyando (spleenectomy).

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-spleen isusiwe?

Ungaphila kakuhle ngaphandle kwespleen. Nangona kunjalo, amasosha omzimba wakho, oko kukuthi, amandla akho okumelana nezifo, aya kuncipha kancinci.

• Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ufumane imijovo yokugonya ukuze ikukhusele kwezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo onokuthi uzifumane.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba unxibe i-medical ID bracelet ukuze iingcali zonyango zazi ukuba i-spleen yakho isusiwe.
• Ukuba uyagula, unganikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anamandla kunesiqhelo.

Ukuba ndine-spleen evuvukileyo, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-spleen evuvukileyo ixesha elide, kufuneka ulumke ungalimazi isisu sakho. Ngenxa yokuba i-spleen enkulu inamathuba amaninzi okuqhekeka, kungcono ukuba ungabandakanyeki kwimidlalo edlalwa kakhulu.

Kwakhona, i-spleen yakho isenokuba ayisebenzi kakuhle okanye ayisebenzi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, qaphela iimpawu ze-anemia (ubumhlophe, ukudinwa). Ugqirha wakho angajonga amanqanaba egazi lakho ngamanye amaxesha.

Ngaba kukho ukutya okungafanelekanga ukutyiwa xa i-spleen idumbile?

Oogqirha abaqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuba ukutya esikutyayo kuyichaphazela ngqo na i-spleen yethu. Nangona kunjalo, ukutya kwethu kunempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo yethu iyonke. Ukuba une-spleen enkulu, ungacinga ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka. Ngoko ke, ukutya okunempilo yenye yezona ndlela zilula zokukhusela inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Ukongeza, ukutya kwakho kunokuchaphazela neemeko zempilo ezibangela ukuba i-spleen yakho idumbe (ingakumbi iimeko zokudumba kunye nesifo sesibindi).

Oogqirha basoloko becebisa:

• Ziphephe okanye unciphise ukutya ukutya okukhawulezileyo nokucutshungulwayo (izidlo ezipakishiweyo, iilekese, iisoseji, njl.njl.). Oku kutya kwandisa ukudumba emzimbeni kwaye kwandisa i-LDL cholesterol, eyingozi kwisibindi nakwimetabolism.
• Yitya ukutya okulwa nokuvuvukala . Oku kuthetha ukutya ukutya okutsha, okupheleleyo (imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno) kunye namafutha angagcwaliyo (afumaneka kwiintlanzi nakwiinati).

Ndifanele ndifune nini uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza xa ndine-spleen evuvukileyo?

Ukuba uziva iintlungu ezikhulayo kwindawo apho ipleen yakho ikhoyo, oko kukuthi, kwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lesisu sakho okanye egxalabeni lakho lasekhohlo, ingakumbi ukuba iintlungu zimbi xa uphefumla, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

I-spleen eqhekekileyo inokwenzeka kakhulu xa kukho into ebetha isisu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ingaqhuma nje. Nokuba iqhuma kancinci inokubangela ukopha okuncinci, kodwa ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, imeko inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, unokukwazi ukuphepha imfuneko yotyando.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo namhlanje, ungabona ukuba i-spleen evuvukileyo ayisiyonto yokuyithatha lula. Inokuba luphawu lwengxaki yempilo efihlakeleyo. Ukuba yinto yexeshana, isenokungabi yinto enkulu kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iyaqhubeka, inokuba yingozi kwi-spleen yakho kwaye inokuba yingozi.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ucinga ukuba une-spleen ekhulisiweyo, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nayo, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe. Ugqirha uza kufumana unobangela aze awunyange ngokufanelekileyo. Musa ukoyika, kodwa ungawutyesheli!

I-Splenomegaly , I-Spleen, Intlungu Yesisu, Iimpawu, Unyango, Iimbangela