Ngaba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unikwe iyeza lokunciphisa igazi ngugqirha? Usenokuba ukhe weva "ngezinto zokunciphisa igazi." La mayeza awanciphisi igazi, alawula nje inkqubo yokuqunjelwa kwegazi. Namhlanje sithetha ngodidi olubaluleke kakhulu nolutsha lwamayeza olubizwa ngokuba yiFactor Xa Inhibitors.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi Factor Xa Inhibitors?
IiFactor Xa Inhibitors luhlobo lwamayeza athintela igazi lethu ukuba lingaqini kakhulu. Oogqirha bawabiza ngokuba yi-"Direct Oral Anticoagulants - iiDOACs". Ngamafutshane, la ngamayeza athintela ukuqina kwegazi. Asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ihlwili legazi esele lenzekile, kunye nonyango lwexesha elide lokuthintela ukuqina kwegazi kwixesha elizayo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zamayeza akweli candelo.
| Igama leziyobisi | Amanqaku akhethekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Apixaban | Uhlobo olusetyenziswa rhoqo. |
| I-Rivaroxaban | Olunye uhlobo olusetyenziswa rhoqo. |
| I-Edoxaban | Isetyenziswa ngokweengcebiso zonyango. |
| IFondaparinux | Le ayisiyopilisi, kodwa yinaliti efakwa ngemithambo. |
Zeziphi izifo ezisetyenziselwa zona ezi?
La mayeza anokumiselwa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ikakhulu:
- Nciphisa umngcipheko westroke: Ingakumbi kwabo bane-atrial fibrillation, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo kwi-atria yentliziyo.
- Nciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni (i-Venous Thrombosis).
- Nciphisa umngcipheko weziganeko zentliziyo kubantu abanezifo zentliziyo nezemithambo yegazi, ezifana nesifo semithambo yegazi kunye nesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle.
- Nyanga amahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT). Oku kudla ngokuvela emilenzeni.
- Nyanga amahlwili egazi emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary Embolism - PE).
- Ukunyanga i-venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Ngubani omele athathe eli yeza?
Abanye abantu basela la mayeza kuba sele enegazi eliqhekekileyo. Kwabanye, oogqirha bayawanika la mayeza njengendlela yokuthintela kuba basengozini yokuba negazi eliqhekekileyo.
Khawucinge ngomntu ofakelwe isinqe ngokupheleleyo. Emva kotyando, kufuneka uhlale ebhedini okwethutyana, ukuze ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo emilenzeni yakho kunciphe, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. Kulapho oogqirha banika khona la mayeza. Anikwa emva kokutshintshwa kwamadolo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweWarfarin, iyeza elidala, kunye neli yeza litsha?
Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho i-Factor Xa Inhibitors, iyeza elalisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi yayiyi-"Warfarin." I-Warfarin liyeza elisebenza kakhulu eliye lasetyenziswa iminyaka emininzi.
Kodwa nantsi umahluko ophambili : Umntu osebenzisa iWarfarin kufuneka enze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo (ii-INR tests) ukuqinisekisa ukuba idosi yeyeza isebenza kakuhle. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa kabini ngeveki, okanye kube kanye ngenyanga.
Kodwa umntu othatha iFactor Xa Inhibitors akadingi kuvavanywa igazi rhoqo. Kwanele ukuthatha idosi emiselweyo yonke imihla. Oku kulula kakhulu kwizigulana.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto. Cinga ngenkqubo yokwenza ihlwili legazi emzimbeni wethu njengomgca wokuhlanganisana kwifektri. Kukho amanyathelo amaninzi adibeneyo.
"I-Factor Xa" ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kulo mgca wemveliso. Ngaphandle kwayo, asinakuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Ngoko ke, esikwenzayo ngeli yeza le-Factor Xa Inhibitor kukuyekisa loo msebenzi (yiproteni leyo) ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Factor Xa" ukuba angasebenzi. Emva koko umgca wemveliso uyema phakathi, oko kuthetha ukuba ihlwili legazi liyayeka ukwakheka. Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?
Kufuneka ndithathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
Isizathu sokuba unikwe eli yeza siza kugqiba ukuba kufuneka ulithathe ixesha elingakanani. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku. Oku kudla ngokuba lixesha elingakanani eliya kuthatha.
| Imeko/Isizathu | Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuthatha amayeza |
|---|---|
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Atrial Fibrillation) | Ihlala isenzeka ebomini bonke. |
| Amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi (VTE) | Iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. |
| Ihlwili legazi emlenzeni (DVT) okanye emaphaphu (PE) | Malunga neenyanga ezi-6. |
| Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo | Malunga neentsuku ezili-12. |
| Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwesinqe | Malunga neentsuku ezingama-35. |
Ziziphi iingozi eziphambili kunye nemiphumo emibi?
Umngcipheko ophambili ngala mayeza kukopha kakhulu . Oku kuqhelekile, kuba injongo yala mayeza kukuyeka ukujiya kwegazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokwenzakala okuncinci kunokubangela ukopha okungaphezulu kunokuqhelekileyo. Umngcipheko oyingozi kakhulu kukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye kwindlela yokugaya ukutya.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uqaphele kangangoko unako ukuze uphephe iingozi kunye nokwenzakala xa usebenzisa eli yeza.
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziquka:
- Ukukrweleka okulula emzimbeni.
- Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba.
Nangona kukho amayeza akhethekileyo afana ne-`(Andexanet Alfa)` anokuguqula imiphumo yala mayeza, abiza kakhulu kwaye asenokungafumaneki kuzo zonke izibhedlele. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuba uqaphele.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze uqaphele
- Nxiba iiglavu kunye nezihlangu xa usebenza egadini.
- Lumka kakhulu xa usebenzisa izinto ezibukhali ezifana neemela kunye nezikere.
- Sebenzisa i-razor yombane endaweni ye-razor ene-blade.
- Lumka ngeengozi ezinokutyibilika nokuwa (umz. iikhaphethi ezikhululekileyo) ekhayeni lakho. Nciphisa umngcipheko weengozi ezivela kuzo.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kwezinye iimeko, kubalulekile ukuya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (i-ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane .
- Ukopha kakhulu okungenakunqandwa (umz., empumlweni, kwiintsini, okanye enxebeni).
- Ukuwa okanye ukubetheka kakhulu entloko (nokuba akukho gazi liphuma ngaphandle).
- Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu okanye iintlungu zesifuba.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Irhashalala engaqhelekanga eluswini.
La mayeza akhulule abantu abaninzi kwiingxaki zovavanyo lwegazi rhoqo, njengalawo asetyenziswa zizigulana ezithatha iWarfarin. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza awafanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ke ngoko, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena. Nokuba uthatha luphi unyango, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ucele ingcaciso ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-Factor Xa inhibitors ziluhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwamayeza athintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ayingozi.
- Soloko usela idosi echanekileyo, ngexesha elichanekileyo, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha iyeza okanye utshintshe idosi ngokwakho.
- Inzuzo enkulu yale mithi kukuba ayifuni uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo njengeWarfarin.
- Ekubeni ingozi ephambili ikukuphuma kwegazi, lumka rhoqo ukuze ungabi nakwenzakala.
- Ukuba uphuma igazi ngendlela engaqhelekanga, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukwenzakala entloko ngenxa yokuwa, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane.
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