Masifunde ngakumbi nge-Fat Embolism Syndrome.

Xa umntu ewa aze aphuke ingalo okanye umlenze, okanye enze ingozi enkulu, sicinga kakhulu ngokwenzakala. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kukho imeko ehamba neziganeko ezinjalo, esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, kodwa enokuba yingozi. Enye imeko enjalo ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Fat Embolism Syndrome ." Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`?

Ngamafutshane, `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` kuxa amasuntswana amafutha, okanye amaconsi eoli, enamathela kwimithambo yegazi yakho aze aphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi. Cinga ngayo njengothuli olunamathela kumbhobho wamanzi aze amanzi ayeke ukuhamba. Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuvaliwe ngale ndlela, ingqondo, imiphunga, ulusu, kunye nezinye iindawo ezininzi zomzimba zinokuchaphazeleka. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Uninzi lwexesha, ayibi yingozi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko iba mandundu, inokuba yingozi kancinci.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-fat embolism kunye ne-pulmonary embolism?

Ngaphambi kokuba siqonde umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini, masiqonde intsingiselo yamagama ambalwa.

• I-Embolism: Oku kwenzeka xa into inamathela ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kungaba lihlwili legazi, iqamza lomoya, okanye kwanaloo ntwana yamafutha sithetha ngayo.
• Ukuvaleka kwamafutha: Oku kwenzeka xa isuntswana elinye okanye ngaphezulu lamafutha linamathela ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism: Oku kwenzeka xa into ibambeka emthanjeni wegazi emiphungeni.

I-pulmonary embolism idla ngokubangelwa kukuqhekeka kwegazi, kodwa inokubangelwa yi-fat embolism. Yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango esongela ubomi. Kwi-Fat Embolism Syndrome, nokuba i-pulmonary embolism ayiveli, iingxaki zokuphefumla zinokubakho.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

Ukudumba kwamafutha emzimbeni kunokwenzeka nakubani na. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, kunqabile kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Kuqhelekile ukuba waphuke isinqe okanye ithambo elide emzimbeni wakho.

Nangona ingaqhelekanga kakhulu, inokubangelwa nazezinye iimeko. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo okanye isinqe
• Ukutsha kakhulu
• Ukuba ufumana ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo okungxamisekileyo (CPR)
• I-bone marrow biopsy okanye ukufakelwa
• I-pancreatitis ebukhali
• Isibindi esinamafutha
• Ukususwa kwe-liposuction
• Kwiimeko ezifana ne-sickle cell anemia.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, ngalo lonke ixesha uphula ithambo, amasuntswana amancinci amafutha anokungena egazini lakho. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, awakhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba angabangela ingxaki.

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome yenzeka kubantu abayi-0.5% ukuya kwi-2% abaphuka ithambo elinye elide, njenge-femur. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amathambo amaninzi aphukile ngaxeshanye, ingakumbi i-pelvis, umngcipheko unyuka uye kwi-5% ukuya kwi-10%.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni kule meko?

`(Isifo Sokuphefumla Kwamafutha)` sinokuba yingozi ukuba sifikelela kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu. Kuba singenza kube nzima kakhulu kuwe ukuphefumla. Ukuba siba sibi kakhulu, sinokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni ngenxa yempembelelo emiphungeni, okanye umphumo emiphungeni unokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intliziyo iyeke ukusebenza kwaye ibangele nokufa.

Zithini izizathu zoku?

I-fat embolism kuxa isuntswana elinye okanye ngaphezulu elifana namafutha lingena egazini lakho lize livale ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi ethile. La ma-fat emboli akheka nanini na xa ithambo liqhekeka. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, mancinci kangangokuba awabangeli ngxaki. Yiyo loo nto la ma-fat emboli engafane ibangele ngxaki.

Ezi "fat emboli" zinokubangela iingxaki xa zaphula iintlobo ezithile zamathambo. Ama-95% ezi meko ziquka ukwaphuka kwethambo lesinqe "(pelvis)" okanye amathambo amade omzimba. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu xa ithambo lesinqe "(femur)", ithambo elikhulu elingaphantsi kwedolo "(tibia)" kunye nethambo elincinci elingasemva kwalo "(fibula)" liphukile.

Ixesha elininzi, la masuntswana amafutha aqokelelana egazini anokunamathela kwimithambo yegazi emincinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-capillaries, ekufutshane nomphezulu wolusu lwakho. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezincinci ezifana nokuqhambuka kolusu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, la masuntswana amafutha anokunamathela kwimithambo yegazi emincinci kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo njengentliziyo, ingqondo, amehlo, kunye nemiphunga, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki ezinkulu nezisongela ubomi.

Ugqirha unokurhanela ukuba esi sifo sikhona ukuba kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili (nangona ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngaphandle kwazo zonke ezintathu). Ezi zi -rash zolusu ezingaqhelekanga, iziphumo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo, kunye neziphumo emiphungeni.

Zithini iimpawu?

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome idla ngokuvela kwiintsuku ezi-2-3 emva kokuphuka okukhulu okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha inokuvela emva kweeyure ezili-12 emva kokwenzakala. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuphefumla kancinci ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-"Fat Embolism Syndrome." Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kuqala.
• Utshintsho kwimeko yengqondo: Le meko inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo. Oku kunokubangela iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukudideka, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ukungaphenduli kakuhle okanye ukucotha kokuphendula. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuxhuzula kunye ne-coma zinokwenzeka.
• Ukurhawuzelela kwePetechial:Iipetechiae ziindawo ezincinci, ezifana nemivumbo ezivela eluswini lwakho. Zenzeka xa imithambo yegazi emincinci ebizwa ngokuba zii-capillaries phantsi kolusu igqabhuka. Ezi ndawo zihlala zibonakala entloko, entanyeni, esifubeni, nasezingalweni. Zinokuvela nangaphakathi kweenkophe nangaphakathi emlonyeni. Olu qhambuko luchaphazela esi sifo.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokwenzeka:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Ifiva
• I-Jaundice (ukutyheli kolusu okanye amhlophe emehlweni ngenxa yesifo sesibindi)
• Utshintsho lombono

Kukho ezinye iimpawu zonyango oogqirha abanokuzijonga. Ezi zisenokungabi ziimpawu onokuzibona, kodwa zinokubonwa ngovavanyo:

• Ukwanda kweoksijini egazini okuphantsi
• I-anemia
• Iingxaki zezintso
• Iingxaki zokubona
• Inani eliphantsi leeplatelet kunye nolunye utshintsho kwikhemistri yegazi.

Ingaba oku kuyasulela?

Hayi, `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` ayisosifo esosulelayo.

Ifunyaniswa njani le nto?

Okwangoku, akukho ndlela iqhelekileyo yokuxilonga esi sifo eyamkelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Ke ngoko, oogqirha baxilonga esi sifo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, uvavanyo lomzimba, iimvavanyo zokuxilonga, kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha uza kukhangela iimpawu emzimbeni wakho. Baza kumamela intliziyo yakho nemiphunga nge-stethoscope.

Iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili esizixubushileyo ngaphambili – ukuphefumla kancinci, utshintsho kwisimo sengqondo, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwe-petechial – zihlala zibonakala ngaphandle. Ke ngoko, kwiimeko ezininzi, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima, isifo sinokuchongwa ngokuhlolwa ngokwasemzimbeni kuphela.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zingenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe esi sifo:

• Izifundo zokujonga imifanekiso: Oogqirha banokuyalela ii-X-ray, ii-CT scans, okanye ii-MRI scans zentloko okanye isifuba sakho ukuze kuthintelwe iimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-stroke okanye i-pulmonary embolism. Ezi scans zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ezo meko kwaye ziqinisekise i-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Uvavanyo lokuxilonga: Xa iimpawu ze-Fat Embolism Syndrome zichaphazela intliziyo, ezi vavanyo zinokwenziwa. Umzekelo, uvavanyo lwe-Electrocardiogram (ECG), olulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, okanye i-skin biopsy, ethatha iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba ukuze kubonwe ukuba amanqatha anamathele kwi-capillaries yesikhumba.
• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Olu vavanyo lukhangela utshintsho olukhulu kwimichiza yegazi lakho, kunye namasuntswana amafutha egazini lakho, kumchamo, okanye kwisikhohlela.

Inyangwa njani? Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga oku?

Akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lwe-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`.Akukho sicwangciso sonyango esiqhelekileyo sale nto. Unyango lubandakanya ukulawula iimpawu, ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezisindisa ubomi, kunye nokuthintela ezinye iingxaki.

Eyona njongo iphambili apha kukubonelela ngononophelo oluxhasayo. Oko kukuthi, ababoneleli beenkonzo zempilo bagxila ekunyangeni iimpawu kunye nemiphumo yesifo, endaweni yokunyanga isifo ngokwaso.

Loluphi uhlobo lonyango/unyango olusetyenziswayo?

Olu nyango lulandelayo lungasetyenziswa kwi-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome):`

• IiCorticosteroids: La mayeza anciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni. Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zonyango bawanika amayeza ukuze anciphise ukudumba, ancede imiphunga, kwaye enze kube lula kuwe ukuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuqinisekisa ukuba afanele asetyenziswe njengonyango oluqhelekileyo kwesi sifo.
• Amayeza okunciphisa igazi: La mayeza anokunceda ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi okunokwenzeka kwi-Fat Embolism Syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, akukho bungqina baneleyo bokuthi ngaba kufuneka anikwe wonke umntu one-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Izihluzi zeVena cava: Ezi zizixhobo oogqirha abanokuzifaka kwenye yemithambo yakho baze bathumele igazi kwindawo ethile. Xa zifakwa kwi-vena cava, umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wakho (othwala igazi uye entliziyweni), ezi zihluzi zibamba amahlwili egazi anokunamathela emiphungeni. Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni i-pulmonary embolism okanye iziphumo zokuphefumla ze-fat embolism syndrome.
• Ioksijini: Le yenye yezona ndlela zikhawulezayo nezilula zonyango kuyo nayiphi na ingxaki yokuphefumla. Xa unyusa umbane wakho weoksijini, imiphunga yakho nentliziyo yakho akufuneki zisebenze nzima ukuze zifumane ioksijini eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakho.
• I-Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): I-ECMO yinkqubo apho igazi lithathwa emzimbeni wakho, lidluliselwe kumatshini okhethekileyo, apho likhutshwa khona emzimbeni lize lifakwe ioksijini. Emva koko igazi libuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho. Olu nyango lunokunceda imiphunga yakho ukuba ibuyele esiqhelweni ngokuyinika ukuphumla kancinci ukuba uneengxaki zokuphefumla ezinzima ngenxa ye-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Umoya: I-ventilation sisixhobo esenza umsebenzi wokuphefumla kuwe. Olu lunyango oluqhelekileyo kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphefumla ezinzima nezisongela ubomi. Luqala ngokufaka ityhubhu, equka ukufaka ityhubhu kumbhobho wakho womoya uze uyidibanise ne-ventilation. Ngokuqhelekileyo uya kulaliswa ngeli xesha ukuze uhlale ukhululekile.

Zithini iingxaki/iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Akusoloko kukho iingxaki ezithe ngqo ezinxulumene ne-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima, kunokubakho iziphumo zexesha elide engqondweni yakho, emehlweni, okanye emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila ngokupheleleyo.Ufanele ubuze ugqirha wakho ngemiphumo emibi okanye iingxaki ezinxulumene nemeko yakho. Angakunika ulwazi oluhambelana nemeko yakho kunye neemfuno zakho.

Ubungqina obuthile bubonisa ukuba abantu abane-Fat Embolism Syndrome basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) okanye iziphumo zexesha elide ebuchotsheni. Nangona kunjalo, obu bungqina abukaqinisekiswa. Kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba oku kunjalo na.

Ndingazinyamekela njani/ndizilawula njani iimpawu?

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome inokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla kwaye iphazamise ukusebenza kwengqondo okuqhelekileyo, ngoko ke akufuneki uzame ukuyinyanga ngokwakho. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko kwaye ufumane ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ingancitshiswa njani ingozi yale meko – okanye ithintelwe?

Ekubeni `(Isifo Sokuqaqanjelwa Kwamathambo)` sidla ngokuhamba namathambo aqhekekileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinzisa amathambo aqhekekileyo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngokuwamisa kakuhle amathambo aqhekekileyo nokuwagcina enganyakazi. Xa amathambo aqhekekileyo ebuhlungu, kunokufuneka utyando.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokunika ii-corticosteroids ukuthintela le meko ukuba ingenzeki emva kokwaphuka okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iingenelo zale ndlela zingaphezulu kweengozi ezinokubakho.

Iyintoni ikamva lale meko?

Isifo se-Fat embolism syndrome sinezinga lokufa eliphakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-20%. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokufa liye lehla kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Oku kungenxa yeendlela zokuthintela kunye nokubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo kwabo basengozini enkulu kwizibhedlele.

`(Isifo Sokuphefumla Kwamafutha)` siyingozi kakhulu ukuba sibangela ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. Umngcipheko wokufumana enye yezi zinto uphezulu kakhulu ukuba imeko iba mandundu, okanye ukuba unyango lulibaziseka.

Kwiimeko eziphakathi ukuya kweziphakathi, i-"Fat Embolism Syndrome" idla ngokuziphelela. Iziphumo zexesha elide azixhaphakanga.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango? Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze ndiphile?

Ixesha elininzi, `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` ayisiyongxaki inzima. Iyaziphelela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Kwiimeko ezinzima, iingxaki zesikhumba okanye zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (yobuchopho) zingathatha iintsuku okanye iiveki ukuba zisonjululwe. Iingxaki zokuphefumla ziyaziphelela kungakapheli unyaka. Nokuba aziziphelelanga, iingxaki zokuphefumla azisoloko zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba zifune unyango oluqhubekayo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho mfuneko yokuthatha amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko emva kwe-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngamathambo aphukileyo abangele le meko. Ukuba ithambo liphinda liqhekeke, le meko (ukuba ibingekho kakade) inokukhula okanye iphinde ivele.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nemeko yakho ethile, ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono kakhulu onokukukhokela kwinto enokukunceda njengoko uphola kwesi sifo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa ukuba udibane nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide (ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu) ezinxulumene ne-"Fat Embolism Syndrome." Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezifuna unyango.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba waphuke ingalo okanye umlenze, kufuneka uye esibhedlele nangaliphi na ixesha. Izibonelelo zesibhedlele zezona ndawo zilungileyo zokunyanga olu hlobo lwamathambo kwaye zinceda ukuthintela iingxaki okanye ezinye iingxaki.

Kwakhona, ukuba une-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko ukuba uqala ukuba notshintsho kwimeko yakho yengqondo, okanye ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-`(Pulmonary Embolism)`.

Iimpawu zotshintsho kwimeko yengqondo:

• Ukudideka okanye ukucaphuka
• Ukungakhathali okanye ukucotha kokuphendula
• Ukuxhuzula

Iimpawu ze-`(Pulmonary Embolism)`:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ingakumbi ukuba kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okanye ngequbuliso
• Ukukhwehlela okanye ukuphefumla (ingakumbi ukuba ukhwehlela igazi)

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome yimeko engaqhelekanga edla ngokuziphelela ngaphandle kwemiphumo yexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko - ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima okanye xa zinganyangwa ngokukhawuleza - inokuba yingozi okanye ide ibulale. Ngethamsanqa, ngenkqubela phambili kwisayensi yezonyango, ngakumbi ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango, iingozi ezinxulumene nale meko ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iyingozi enokwenzeka xa amanqatha ehlala kwimithambo yegazi emva kwento efana nokuqhekeka kwethambo.

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Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba waphuke ithambo okanye ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (ingakumbi ukuphefumla kancinci, utshintsho lwengqondo, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu) . Unyango lwakwangoko lunokuthintela uninzi lweziphumo ezimbi kakhulu. Musa ukuzama ukuzinyanga. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono ukukunika ingcebiso.

Ukuvaleka kwamafutha , ukwaphuka kwamathambo, ubunzima bokuphefumla, isifo semiphunga, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, ukurhawuzelelwa kwe-petechial, unyango olungxamisekileyo