Kusenokuvakala kungaqhelekanga ukucinga ukuba ilindle lomnye umntu lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo somnye umntu, akunjalo? Kodwa le yindlela yonyango esebenzayo kakhulu esetyenziswa kwezonyango kwizifo ezinzulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale ndlela yonyango imangalisayo kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
Yintoni ukufakelwa ilindle?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yendle yomntu ophilileyo uze uyifake kwi-colon yomntu onesifo. Oku kunokuvakala kungathandeki. Kodwa isampuli yendle ephilileyo inezigidi zeentsholongwane eziluncedo (i-microbiota). Xa ezi ntsholongwane zifakwa kwi-colon enesifo, zinokwenza imimangaliso ukubuyisela impilo yazo.
Okwangoku, oogqirha bacebisa kakhulu olu nyango njengonyango lwezifo ezinzulu zebhaktiriya emathunjini. Olu tyando luthumela inani elikhulu leebhaktiriya ezilungileyo ukulwa neebhaktiriya ezimbi nezibangela izifo emathunjini anesifo. Xa ezi bhaktiriya zilungileyo zingasekho, ibhalansi yenkqubo yeentsholongwane (i-gut microbiome) ngaphakathi emathunjini ethu iyabuyiselwa.
Isebenza njani le nto? Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi esiswini sethu?
Cinga ngesisu sakho njengegadi entle. Kule gadi, kukho izityalo ezilungileyo (iibhaktiriya ezilungileyo) esizidingayo, kunye nezityalo ezimbi (iibhaktiriya ezimbi). Lo gama nje yonke into ilungelelene, igadi intle, oko kuthetha ukuba siphilile.
Kodwa amanye amayeza esiwasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ezinye izifo, kunye nezinye izinto zinokubulala izityalo ezininzi ezilungileyo kule gadi. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Ukhula, okanye iintsholongwane ezimbi, zithatha yonke igadi kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Kulapho amathumbu ethu eba mandundu size sigule.
Ukufakelwa ilindle kufana nokutyala kwakhona igadi ezele lukhula, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kuvele amawaka ezityalo eziphilileyo (iibhaktheriya ezilungileyo). Ezi bhaktheriya zintsha ezilungileyo zikhuphisana neebhaktheriya ezimbi, ziyazigcina zilawulekile, kwaye zibuyisela ibhalansi enempilo emathunjini.
Loluphi uhlobo lwezifo olu nyango olusetyenziselwa zona?
Okwangoku, le ndlela yonyango iphumelele kakhulu kwaye ibonakalisiwe ukuba iyayinyanga intsholongwane ye-C. difficile ephindaphindayo (CDI), uhlobo losulelo lwamathumbu olubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-C. difficile, ekunzima ukuyilawula nokuba kusetyenziswe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ii-antibiotics zingaphumeleli ukulawula olu sulelo, ukufakelwa ilindle kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezimangalisayo.
Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha kunye nososayensi bakholelwa ukuba le ndlela yonyango inokuba luncedo kwezinye izifo ezininzi. Kuba iintsholongwane ezisemathunjini ethu zinempembelelo enkulu kungekuphela nje kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, kodwa nakwimetabolism yethu kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ke ngoko, uphando luyaqhubeka ukuze kubonwe ukuba inganyangwa na ezinye izifo ezininzi.
| Ezinye iimeko apho unyango lokufakelwa kwezityalo luphandwa khona | |
|---|---|
| Izifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya | - Isifo samathumbu esibangela ukudumba (IBD) - ``Isifo samathumbu esirhawuzelelwayo (IBS)'' |
| Izifo zeMetabolic | - Ukutyeba kakhulu - Isifo sesibindi - Isifo seswekile |
| Ezinye iimeko | - Ukunganyamezelani nokutya - ``Ingxaki ye-Autism Spectrum (ASD)'' - Ixhala kunye noxinzelelo - `Isifo seSclerosis Esininzi (MS)` |
Kwenziwa njani ukufakelwa ilindle? Ziziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufaka le sampuli yendle esempilweni kwikholoni yomguli. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Colonoscopy | Ityhubhu encinci enekhamera (ikholonoscope) ifakwa nge-anus ize idlulele emathunjini amakhulu. Ngale tyhubhu, ulwelo lwendle lungafakwa ngqo emathunjini. Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye iphumeleleyo. |
| I-Endoscopy Ephezulu | Ityhubhu (endoscope) ifakwa esiswini okanye emathunjini amancinci ngomlomo okanye empumlweni. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayiphumeleli kangako kuba iintsholongwane kufuneka zihambe umgama omde emathunjini amancinci ngaphambi kokuba zifikelele emathunjini amakhulu. |
| I-Enema | Ulwelo lwendle lungeniswa ngetyhubhu encinci efakwe kwi-rectum. Le ndlela iphumelela ngakumbi kuba iintsholongwane ziya ngqo emathunjini amakhulu. Imveliso yokuqala evunyiweyo yi-FDA eMelika, iFecal Transplant, inikwa ngale ndlela. |
| Ikhaphu yomlomo | Le yindlela entsha nelula. Uginya iipilisi ezineentsholongwane zelindle ezomileyo neziqandisiweyo ngamanzi. Ezi pilisi zenzelwe ukuba zinganyibiliki zide zifike emathunjini amakhulu. |
Ufumana phi isitulo sonyango olu?
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, indle iqokelelwa kubantu abazinikeleyo abasempilweni kakhulu (abanikeli) . Ngaphambi kokuba bakhethe umntu njengomnikeli, bavavanywa ngothotho lwezonyango olungqongqo kakhulu. Baqinisekisa ukuba akukho zifo okanye iintsholongwane ezisulelayo kwindle yaloo mntu.
Emva kokuba isampuli yendle iqokelelwe, ithunyelwa kwilebhu, icocwe, ixutywe nolwelo olufana ne-saline, ihluzwe, yenziwe ulwelo. Ngamanye amaxesha le nto ikhenkcezwa ukuze isetyenziswe kamva, okanye yomiswe yenziwe iikhaphu.
Ngubani ongafanelekiyo ukuba ngumnikeli wesihlalo?
Oku kuya kukunika umbono wokuba uvavanyo lwenziwa kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba indle yomntu ityalwe komnye umntu. Akukho mntu unezi meko zilandelayo oza kukhethwa njengomnikeli.
- Ukuba usandul' ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
- Ukuba kukho ezinye izifo eziyingozi ezifana ne-'E. coli'.
- Ukuba unezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ezifana ne-hepatitis, i-HIV, okanye i-COVID-19.
- Ukuba kukho iintsholongwane emathunjini.
- Ukuba usebenzisa iziyobisi.
- Ukuba unesifo samathumbu esibangelwa kukudumba (IBD) okanye izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onembali yomhlaza.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Inzuzo ephambili
Olu nyango lusebenza kakuhle ngama-80% ukuya kuma-95% ekuthinteleni usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwe-C. diff. Eli lithemba elikhulu kwesi sifo, esiye saba nzima kakhulu kangangokuba nee-antibiotics ziye zasilela ukusilawula.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi
Ukungakhululeki okuncinci kunokubakho emva kosuku okanye ezimbini emva konyango.
- Ukudumba kwesisu, ukurhawuzelela
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Intlungu yesisu
- Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda kwabanye abantu
Ezi azidli ngokuba zimbi kakhulu kwaye ziyaphela emva kweentsuku ezimbini.
Eyona ngozi inkulu kukuba, nangona ingaqhelekanga, intsholongwane eyingozi eyayilawulwa emzimbeni womnikeli ingangena emzimbeni obuthathaka womnikeli ize ibangele usulelo. Kodwa ukuze kuncitshiswe le ngozi, abanikeli bahlolwa ngononophelo kwaye iisampulu zendle zicocwa kakuhle. Le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu ngeemveliso ezivunyiweyo ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje.
Nangona olu nyango lusenokuvakala lungaqhelekanga, kukho isayensi eninzi engasemva kwalo. Lungumzekelo omhle wendlela iintsholongwane ezincinci emizimbeni yethu ezinokuchaphazela ngayo impilo yethu. Kubaguli abanesifo i-C. diff, olu lunyango olutshintsha ubomi ngokwenene.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa ilindle kunokuvakala kungaqhelekanga, kodwa lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lwezonyango kwizifo ezinzima ezifana ne-C. diff ephindaphindayo.
- Oku kuquka ukufaka 'iibhaktheriya ezilungileyo' ezivela kwilindle lomntu ophilileyo emathunjini omntu ogulayo, ukubuyisela ibhalansi yeentsholongwane apho.
- Iisampuli zendle ezisetyenziselwa unyango zivavanywa ngokuqatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba azinazo izifo, ngoko ke kuthathelwa ingqalelo enkulu malunga nokhuseleko.
- Le asinto unokuyenza ekhaya. Le yinkqubo ekhethekileyo yezonyango eyenziwa esibhedlele okanye ekliniki ngoogqirha abafanelekileyo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesifo sosulelo lwamathumbu oluphindaphindayo olungalawulwa zii-antibiotics, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale ndlela yonyango.
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