Khawuthelekelele umntwana wakho omncinci ewa ngequbuliso ngelixa edlala, okanye umntu endlwini egula ngequbuliso. Kwimeko enjalo, ngaphambi kokuba simse kugqirha, into yokuqala esiyenzayo kubizwa ngokuba luncedo lokuqala. Oku kungaba yinto elula njengokufaka amayeza kunye neplasta kwinxeba elincinci, okanye kungaba yinto enzulu ngakumbi enokusindisa ubomi. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi sonke ukuba sikuqaphele oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-First Aid?
Uncedo lokuqala lunyango olusisiseko olunikwa umntu oye wafumana ingozi okanye ukugula ngaphambi kokuba kufike uncedo lwezonyango. Luneenjongo ezininzi eziphambili.
- Ukusindisa ubomi: Kwezinye iimeko, uncedo lokuqala olufanelekileyo lunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukufa.
- Ukunciphisa iintlungu nokubandezeleka: Uncedo lokuqala lunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu zexhoba kwaye lubanike intuthuzelo.
- Ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu: Ukwenza into elungileyo kunokuthintela ukwenzakala okanye ukugula ukuba kungabi mandundu.
- Ukukunceda ululame ngokukhawuleza: Ukwenza izinto ezilungileyo kuqala kuya kuvula indlela yokuchacha ngokukhawuleza kamva.
Uncedo lokuqala ludla ngokunikezelwa ngabantu abafana nabasebenzi be-ambulensi kunye nabacimi-mlilo, kodwa eneneni, nabani na angafunda ngalo aze ancede ngexesha lobunzima.
Ziziphi iimeko apho uncedo lokuqala lunokunikwa khona?
Uncedo lokuqala alupheleli nje kwiingozi ezinkulu. Uncedo lokuqala lukwafuneka nakwizinto ezincinci ezenzekayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezifuna uncedo lokuqala.
| Ngokubanzi iimeko ezingezizo ezingxamisekileyo | Iingxakeko ezisongela ubomi |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlatywa zizilwanyana ezifana neenyosi kunye neempondo | Ukunganyamezelani kakuhle (i-Anaphylaxis) |
| Ukunganyamezelani okubangelwa kukuthinta izityalo ezifana nekahambiliya | Ukwanda kwesifuba |
| Ukulahlekelwa lizinyo ngenxa yengozi | Ukulunywa yinyoka okanye ukulunywa sisigcawu |
| Ukutsha okuncinci (okuncinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba kugqunywe ngesandla) | Ukudibana kweekhemikhali namehlo okanye ulusu |
| Ukopha kwempumlo (i-Epistaxis) | Iintlungu zesifuba |
| Ukuqhekeka kunye nokuxinana | Ukulimala kakhulu entloko (umz. ukuxhuzula) |
| Ukusikeka okuncinci, imivumbo, kunye nokugruzuka eluswini | Ukutshayiswa kombane |
| Izinambuzane ezifana neentakumba ezixhonywe eluswini | I-Syncope kunye nokuQhaqha |
| Iswekile ephantsi egazini (iHypoglycemia) | |
| Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo | |
| Istroke | |
| Ubushushu obuphezulu (i-Hyperthermia) okanye ubushushu obuphantsi bomzimba (i-Hypothermia) |
Zeziphi izakhono ezifunekayo kuncedo lokuqala?
Ukunika uncedo lokuqala akupheleli nje ekufakeni amayeza enxebeni. Kukho okungaphezulu koko.
- Ukugquma amanxeba ngamabhandeji: Oku kubalulekile ukuze kumiswe ukopha nokuthintela usulelo.
- Ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla okwenziweyo: Oku kubalulekile ukusindisa ubomi bomntu oye wayeka ukuphefumla okanye oyekile ukubetha intliziyo yakhe.
- Ukunceda umntu okrwitshwayo: Xa into ibambekile emqaleni, kubalulekile ukwazi iindlela (umz., iHeimlich maneuver) zokunceda ukuyisusa.
- Ukubeka umntu kwindawo yokuchacha: Ukubeka umntu ongekho zingqondweni kodwa ophefumla kule ndawo kunokunceda ukuthintela into efana nokuhlanza ukuba ingabambeki kwindlela yomoya.
- Ukuyeka ukopha: Ukufaka uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo enxebeni ukuze kumiswe ukopha. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, i-tourniquet ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukopha.
- I-Splint yethambo elaphukileyo: Xa ingalo okanye umlenze waphukile, ukusebenzisa i-splint ukuthintela loo ndawo ukuba ingashukumi kuthintela intlungu kunye nokwenzakala ukuba kuqhubeke.
- Ukusebenzisa ii-Autoinjectors xa une-Allergies enzulu: Abanye abantu bane-allergies enzulu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukwazi indlela yokufaka inaliti ebhalwe ngugqirha kunokusindisa ubomi.
- Ukusebenzisa ii-Automated External Defibrillators (AED): Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa esi sixhobo ukuqala kwakhona intliziyo xa kukho isifo sentliziyo.
Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule xa unika uncedo lokuqala:
Kuqhelekile ukuba nexhala xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli woncedo lokuqala ahlale ezolile kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule.
1. Hlala uzolile: Phefumla nzulu uze ucinge ngento ekufuneka uyenze. Ukuba uyoyika, unokumoyikisa nangakumbi umntu owenzakeleyo.
2. Cela uncedo: Ukuba ucinga ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, fowunela i-ambulensi (eSri Lanka ngo-1990) ngaphandle kokulibazisa okanye umse loo mntu kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba awukwazi ukwenza njalo wedwa, fowunela umntu okufutshane ukuze akuncede.
3. Ukhuseleko lwakho lubalulekile: Khumbula, ukuba ufumene ingozi, awuyi kukwazi ukunceda omnye umntu. Umzekelo, lumka kwiindlela ezihamba ngemoto ngaphambi kokuba ukhawuleze uye kwingozi endleleni. Cima umbane ngaphambi kokuba usindise umntu otshaywe ngumbane.
4. Beka ezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuqala (indlela ye-ABC): Umgaqo we-ABC ubaluleke kakhulu xa unika uncedo lokuqala.
- Indlela yomoya: Qala ujonge ukuba umlomo nomqala womntu owenzekileyo uvalekile na. Ukuba kunjalo, zisuse.
- B - Ukuphefumla: Okulandelayo, jonga ukuba uyaphefumla na. Ukuba akunjalo, qalisa ukunika umntu umoya wokwenziwa.
- C - Ukujikeleza kwegazi: Ukuba ukuphefumla akwenzeki, mhlawumbi intliziyo iyekile ukubetha. Okwangoku, kufuneka kuqaliswe ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo (CPR).
5. Musa ukumshukumisa umntu owenzakeleyo ngokungeyomfuneko:Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntu usenokuba wenzakele umqolo okanye intamo, musa ukumshukumisa ngokungeyomfuneko nangasiphi na isizathu. Ukwenza njalo kunokwandisa umonakalo kumqolo. Ukuba kufuneka umsuse ngokupheleleyo (umz., umngcipheko womlilo, enye ingozi), yenza oko ngononophelo olukhulu.
6. Musa ukulinda ukuba izinto zibe ngcono: Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba, “Oku kuza kuba ngcono kwixesha elifutshane.” Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho nokungabaza okuncinci kokuba imeko isenokuba mandundu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
Khumbula, ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala akubhekiselele ekubeni ngugqirha, kodwa kuxhomekeke ekunikeni umntu owenzakeleyo uncedo olusisiseko kunye nokhuseleko aludingayo de ugqirha akwazi ukufikelela kuye.
Ngubani onokunika uncedo lokuqala? Ndingafunda phi?
Nabani na unokubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala. Kwaye wonke umntu kufuneka afunde ngalo. Kuqeqesho loncedo lokuqala, ufunda kungekuphela nje into onokuyenza, kodwa nokuba zeziphi na izithintelo zakho. Oko kukuthi, uyaqonda into ongenakuyenza okanye into ocinga ukuba ungayenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Kukho iindawo ezininzi apho ungafunda khona ngoncedo lokuqala eSri Lanka.
- Imibutho efana neSt. John Ambulance kunye neSri Lanka Red Cross Society iqhuba izifundo zoncedo lokuqala.
- Ezinye iindawo zomsebenzi zibonelela abasebenzi ngoqeqesho loncedo lokuqala.
- Nezikolo ngamanye amaxesha ziqhuba iinkqubo ezinxulumene noku.
Ngaba unayo ikhithi yoncedo lokuqala ekhaya?
Kubalulekile ukuba nekhithi yoncedo lokuqala esisiseko kuyo yonke indlu kunye nemoto. Ungayithenga evenkileni, okanye ungazenzela ngokwakho ngezinto ezimbalwa. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzibandakanye:
- Iibhandishi ezincamathelayo zobukhulu obahlukeneyo
- I-gauze ecocekileyo kunye neebhanti
- Iteyiphu enamathelayo
- Izikere kunye nee-tweezers
- Isisombululo se-antiseptic kunye nee-wipes
- Izithomalalisi zentlungu (umz. i-paracetamol)
- Iiglavu zonyango
- Ukuba kukho umntu onesifo seswekile ekhaya, iipilisi zeglucose
- Incwadi encinci kunye nepeni yokubhala phantsi ulwazi xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo
Le bhokisi ingathathwa ngumntu wonke endlwini, kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuyigcina kude nabantwana abancinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uncedo lokuqala luncedo olusisiseko olunikezelwa ngexesha likaxakeka de kufikelelwe kugqirha.
- Uncedo lokuqala lunokunceda kwimingxunya emincinci kunye nokusindisa ubomi, ngoko ke kufanelekile ukufunda ngalo kuwo wonke umntu.
- Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ungoyiki, hlala uzolile, kwaye cinga ngokhuseleko lwakho kuqala.
- Soloko ukhumbula indlela ye-ABC (umoya, ukuphefumla, ukujikeleza kwegazi).
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, fowunela i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza okanye uyise isigulana kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngayo nayiphi na into, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho .
- Soloko ugcina iKit yoNcedo lokuQala ezele kakuhle ekhayeni lakho nakwimoto yakho.
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