Ngaba unamabala amhlophe/amdaka emazinyweni akho? Usenokungazi ukuba yi-fluorosis! Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha wajonga amazinyo akho, okanye amazinyo omntwana wakho, waza wabona amabala amancinci amhlophe, ngamanye amaxesha amdaka? Abanye abantu bafumana iintlungu emathanjeni nasemalungeni abo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuhamba. Esinye sezizathu zezi zinto kukuba sineminerali eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-fluoride emizimbeni yethu. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-fluorosis . Musa ukoyika, ungacingi ukuba esi sisifo esibi xa usiva. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye iFluorosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-fluorosis yimeko ebangelwa yi-fluoride eninzi emzimbeni. I-Fluoride yiminerali yendalo efumaneka emhlabeni nasemanzini. Ukuchaneka, ngobuninzi, inceda ekuthinteleni ukubola kwamazinyo. Yiyo loo nto usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye ii-toothpastes zine-fluoride. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na into, ininzi kakhulu inokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho. Njengoko intetho isitsho, "ubuninzi bento ayilunganga." Kwanamanzi esiwaselayo ane-fluoride ethile. Kuxhomekeke kwindawo ohlala kuyo, ubungakanani be-fluoride emanzini owasebenzisayo bunokuba ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu. Imibutho efana neSebe lezeMpilo kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu lase-US ithi inqanaba elifanelekileyo le-fluoride emanzini ethu okusela limalunga ne-0.7 milligrams (mg/L). Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona inceda ekunciphiseni ukubola kwamazinyo, kubalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi engabangeli ezinye iingxaki zempilo.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-fluorosis?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-fluorosis. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

Yintoni i-Dental Fluorosis?

Olu luhlobo esilubonayo nesithetha ngalo rhoqo. Luchaphazela amazinyo akho. Le meko yenzeka xa utya i-fluoride eninzi, ingakumbi kwiminyaka esibhozo yokuqala yobomi, xa amazinyo akho eqala ukwakheka. I-Dental Fluorosis inokwahluka ukusuka kwencinci ukuya kwembi kakhulu. Kodwa ayisiyongxaki ibuhlungu. Idla ngokuthathwa njengengxaki yobuhle, oko kuthetha ukuba ichaphazela inkangeleko yamazinyo akho. Ngokwesiqhelo ayinampembelelo ibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni okanye kwimpilo yamazinyo akho.

Masifunde ngeSkeletal Fluorosis

Olu luhlobo ekufuneka uluqaphele kancinci. Luchaphazela amathambo namalungu akho. Oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Umzekelo , i-osteoporosis ( imeko apho amathambo aba buthathaka aze aphuke lula), i-arthritis (ukudumba kwamalungu), kunye nentlungu yamalungu ixesha elide kunokwenzeka. Le meko yenzeka xa kutyiwa i-fluoride eninzi kakhulu iminyaka emininzi.

Yintoni i-Non-skeletal Fluorosis?

Eli linqanaba lokuqala le-skeletal fluorosis. Lichaphazela kakhulu indlela yakho yokugaya ukutya (indlela yokugaya ukutya) . Oku kuthetha ukuba unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, ukuqhina, urhudo, ukudumba, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-fluorosis?

I-Dental Fluorosis yimeko eqhelekileyo ebonwa kwihlabathi liphela. Kuthiwa malunga ne-23% yabemi kwilizwe elifana neMelika banale meko. Nangona kunjalo, i-Skeletal Fluorosis ayifumaneki kakhulu kumazwe afana neMelika. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphakile (ixhaphakile) kwezinye iindawo zaseAsia naseAfrika. Ingakumbi eIndiya naseTshayina, uninzi lwezigulane luxelwa. Kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bangaphi abantu emhlabeni abanale fluorosis yamathambo. Nangona kunjalo, olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abangama-94 kwabangama-445 ababekwindawo ene-fluoride ephezulu babenale meko. Ngoku, khangela, kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMelika, inqanaba le-fluoride emanzini lingaphantsi kune-0.7 milligrams ngelitha (mg/L) ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Yiyo loo nto oorhulumente abaninzi balapho bongeza i-fluoride emanzini okusela. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, umzekelo, kwiindawo zaseAsia naseAfrika, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba endalo aqulathe amanqanaba aphezulu e-fluoride. EIndiya, i-fluoride ephakathi emanzini okusela kuthiwa imalunga ne-2.37 milligrams ngelitha (mg/L). Kwezinye iindawo, kuye kwaxelwa ukuba kukho amanqanaba aphezulu afikelela kwi-9.22 milligrams ngelitha (mg/L). Ngoko ke, abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezinjalo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-fluorosis. ESri Lanka, kukwakho neendawo ezithile, ingakumbi kwindawo eyomileyo, apho amanqanaba e-fluoride emanzini kufuneka aqwalaselwe. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele imithombo yamanzi kwindawo okuyo.

Zithini iimpawu zeFluorosis?

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-fluorosis onayo. Ngokubanzi, okukhona uchaphazeleka yi-fluoride eninzi, kokukhona iimpawu zakho zinokuba nzima ngakumbi.

Iimpawu zeFluorosis yamazinyo

Uphawu olulodwa lwe-dental fluorosis kukutshintsha kombala wamazinyo. Olu tshintsho lombala luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bemeko. Oogqirha bamazinyo basebenzisa la magama alandelayo ukuze bawahlule:

• Okungathandabuzekiyo: Zimbalwa kakhulu iindawo ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo kunye neendawo ezimbalwa ezimhlophe .
• Ubuncinci kakhulu: Amabala amhlophe akhanyayo agubungela ngaphantsi kwama-25% omphezulu wezinyo.
• Ubuthambileyo: Amabala amhlophe akhanyayo agubungela ngaphantsi kwama-50% omphezulu wezinyo.
• Phakathi: Amabala amhlophe okanye amdaka kancinci ngaphezulu kwama-50% omgangatho wezinyo.
• Inzima:Amabala amhlophe, amdaka okhanyayo, okanye amdaka omnyama phezu komphezulu wamazinyo akho. Amazinyo akho anokuba neemingxuma ezincinci okanye i-enamel ingabonakala ngathi igugile.

Iimpawu zeFluorosis yeSkeletal kunye neNon-skeletal

Iimpawu zokuqala ezinxulumene ne-non-skeletal fluorosis zingabandakanya:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukudumba
• Ukuqhinwa
• Urhudo
• Intlungu kunye nokuqina kwamalungu
• Umqolo obuhlungu
• Ukuphelelwa yimisipha
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza

Njengoko imeko isiya isiba mandundu kwaye iimpawu ze-skeletal fluorosis ziqala ukubonakala, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo
• Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo nomqolo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci - oko kukuthi, ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwizinto ezifana nenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo
• I-Myelopathy - intlungu ebangelwa kukucinezelwa komqolo
• I-Osteosclerosis - ukuqina okungaqhelekanga kwamathambo
• I-Radiculopathy - intlungu ebangelwa kukuxinana komthambo emgogodleni
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
• Iingxaki zokulala

Zithini izizathu ze-fluorosis?

I-Fluorosis ibangelwa kukutya i-fluoride egqithisileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba uginya i-fluoride eninzi kakhulu ixesha elide. Indlela eyenzeka ngayo le nto iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-fluorosis. I-Dental Fluorosis yenzeka xa amazinyo omntwana ahlala ekhula phantsi kweentsini, xa i-fluoride eninzi ityiwa rhoqo. Oku kunokubangelwa kukusela amanzi okanye iimveliso zobisi ezinomxholo ophezulu we-fluoride, okanye ngokuginya inani elikhulu le-toothpaste ye-fluoride. I-Fluorosis yamathambo kunye ne-Non-skeletal yenzeka xa umntu walo naluphi na ubudala etya i-fluoride eninzi kakhulu kwixesha leminyaka eliqela. Oku kunokubangelwa kukusela amanzi ane-fluoride eninzi, okanye ngokusela rhoqo iziselo ezifana neti kunye nekofu ezenziwe ngamanzi ane-fluoride eninzi.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-fluorosis

Into enobungozi yinto eyonyusa amathuba okuba nesifo esithile. Ezi zilandelayo zizinto ezibangela i-fluorosis:

• Ukuhlala kwindawo enamazinga aphezulu e-fluoride emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba.
• Umthamo wefluoride emanzini okusela udla ngokuba ngaphezulu kwe-0.7 milligrams ngelitha (mg/L).
• Ukuginya amazinyo amaninzi ane-fluoride rhoqo. (Ukuginya amazinyo amancinci kakhulu kulungile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuginya amazinyo amaninzi ixesha elide kunokubangela i-fluorosis.)
• Ukunika ubisi lweentsana olune-fluoride oluxutywe namanzi ane-fluoride ixesha elide. (Ukuba usebenzisa ubisi olune-fluoride, lwenze ngamanzi angena-fluoride. Ukuba usebenzisa amanzi ane-fluoride, khangela ubisi lweentsana olungena-fluoride.)

Ezinye iimveliso zasekhaya, ezifana nezitywini, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye nezicoci zothuli lomoya, ziqulethe ii-fluorocarbons. Abantu abaphefumla ezi khemikhali basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-skeletal fluorosis kunye ne-non-skeletal fluorosis. Ukunxila kwezi khemikhali kunokubangela ukuxhuzula, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kwanokufa ngequbuliso.

Ukuba uxhomekeke kwezi zinto kwaye ufuna uncedo lokuchacha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango okanye ingcebiso efanelekileyo.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-fluorosis?

Ugqirha wamazinyo unokuxilonga i-dental fluorosis ngexesha lovavanyo lwamazinyo oluqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokuthatha ii-X-ray zamazinyo akho ukuze baqinisekise ukuba akukho ezinye iimeko. I-Skeletal and Non-skeletal Fluorosis inokuba nzima ukuyixilonga kuba iimpawu zayo ziyafana nezezinye iimeko ezininzi. Ngoko ke oogqirha badla ngokufuna ukwenza iimvavanyo ezimbalwa. Ezi zinokuquka:

• Uvavanyo lokufota ukujonga amathambo akho. Imizekelo ibandakanya ii-X-ray , ii-CT scans (ii-Computed Tomography scans) , kunye nee-bone density tests (i-DXA) .
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga inqanaba le-fluoride kwi-serum yakho.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo ukujonga inqanaba le-fluoride kumchamo wakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-fluorosis?

Unyango lwe-fluorosis luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-fluorosis onayo. I-fluorosis yamazinyo inokulungiswa ngonyango lwamazinyo olunobuhle. Unyango lwe-skeletal fluorosis luyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ingakumbi ubukhali beempawu kunye namalungu omzimba achaphazelekileyo.

Unyango lwe-Dental Fluorosis

Ukuba une-fluorosis yamazinyo, ugqirha wakho wamazinyo unokucebisa enye yezi ndlela zonyango lobuhle:

• Ukumhlophe kwamazinyo: Ugqirha wakho wamazinyo uza kusebenzisa ijeli yokumhlopheza amazinyo akho ixesha elithile . Le jeli iza kukhanyisa i-enamel yamazinyo akho, iyenze ihambelane namabala e-fluorosis. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezincinci ze-fluorosis.
• Ukubopha amazinyo: Kule ndlela, ugqirha wamazinyo usebenzisa i-composite resin enemibala yezinyo ukugquma amabala e-fluorosis. Emva koko amazinyo ayabunjwa aze acwebezele aze agqitywe kakuhle.
• Iiveneer zamazinyo: Ezi ziigobolondo ezibhityileyo ezenziwe nge-resin okanye i-porcelain ezigubungela umphezulu wangaphambili wamazinyo akho. Ekubeni iiveneer zenzelwe umntu ngamnye, imifanekiso yamazinyo ithathwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinobukhulu obufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
• Izithsaba zamazinyo: Ezi zikwazizithsaba zamazinyo ezenzelwe wena. Zigquma lonke izinyo lakho. Ukuze isithsaba silingane kakuhle, kufuneka kususwe intwana encinci ye-enamel yamazinyo akho yendalo.
• I-Enamel microabrasion: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wamazinyo ususa umaleko omncinci kakhulu kwi-enamel yamazinyo akho. Oku kunokususa amabala amaninzi e-fluorosis. Rhoqo, oogqirha baya kwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe emva kwe-enamel microabrasion ukuze balinganise umbala wamazinyo akho.

Unyango lwe-Fluorosis yeSkeletal kunye neNon-skeletal

Eyona njongo iphambili apha kukususa umthombo wengxaki. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ususe i-fluoride emanzini akho okusela. Ungasebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne -reverse osmosis , i-distillation , okanye ii-activated carbon filters ukucoca amanzi akho. (Amanzi abilayo awazukwenza oku. Nangona ukubilisa kususa ukungcola emanzini, i-fluoride ayisiyonto inokuqhekeka bubushushu, kwaye inamandla kakhulu.) Ukongeza, oogqirha banokucebisa unyango olufana nolu:

• Ii-steroids ze-Anabolic:La mayeza anokunciphisa iimpawu ze-osteoporosis.
• I-Calcium kunye neVithamin D: Ezi zimbini zinokunciphisa uxinano lwamathambo xa zisetyenziswa kunye. Zingachaphazela nendlela ofunxa ngayo i-fluoride emathunjini akho.
• Ii-NSAID (Amayeza angengo-steroidal alwa nokudumba): La mayeza anceda ukulawula iintlungu kunye nokudumba okubangelwa yi-skeletal fluorosis.

Olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Ugqirha wakho uza kulungisa isicwangciso sonyango esihambelana neemfuno zakho.

Ngaba i-Fluorosis ingathintelwa?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-fluorosis kukulawula ubungakanani be-fluoride oyityayo. Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa:

• Buza kwibhodi yamanzi yasekuhlaleni okanye kwiarhente efanelekileyo malunga nemithetho nemigaqo malunga nokufaka i-fluoride emanzini kwindawo okuyo.
• Jonga amanqanaba e-fluoride emanzini akho equla okanye kumthombo wamanzi kamasipala.
• Fumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nobuninzi be-fluoride kwindawo okuyo.

Ukuze unciphise umngcipheko womntwana wakho wokuba ne-fluorosis, lumka malunga nobungakanani be-fluoride ajongene nayo. Kufuneka uphephe ukunika umntwana wakho i-fluoride eninzi, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ufumana umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo ngexesha lokuphuma kwamazinyo. Olu lungelelwaniso lubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yomntwana wakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa uphila ne-fluorosis?

Isiphumo se-Dental Fluorosis sidla ngokuba sihle, kuba asiyongxaki. Sinokulungiswa ngonyango lwamazinyo. Isiphumo se-Skeletal Fluorosis sixhomekeke ekubeni uyifumanisa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Okukhona uyeka ukusela i-fluoride ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba okuchacha ixesha elide.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-fluorosis?

Ngokubanzi, i-fluorosis ayisiyonto inokuthi iguqulwe. Oko kukuthi, xa isenzeka, ayipheli. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba unyango lunokuphucula iimpawu ze-skeletal fluorosis ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Kodwa kuxhomekeke ekubeni iimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani na ekuqaleni.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-fluorosis, okanye ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho ixhaphake khona, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukwazi. Yazi kakuhle ukuba ingakanani i-fluoride emanzini owaselayo. Wakuba uwazi loo manqanaba, ungenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nempilo yakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-fluorosis yamazinyo, bona ugqirha wamazinyo ukuze uxoxe ngeendlela zonyango. Kwakhona, ukuba ngequbuliso ubonakala iimpawu ze-skeletal fluorosis, ezifana nokucaphuka, iintlungu zamalungu, okanye ukwaphuka kwamathambo rhoqo, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho. Unokwenza uvavanyo lokufumana unobangela.

Ngomlinganiselo omncinci, i-fluoride iyawomeleza amazinyo ethu kwaye iyawakhusela ekuboleni. Kodwa ukuba ininzi kakhulu inokuba yingozi. Ulwazi ngamandla. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-fluorosis kukwazi. Jonga umthombo wamanzi akho. Fumana ulwazi malunga nemithetho ekwindawo okuyo malunga nokongeza i-fluoride emanzini. Ukuba unemibuzo ethile malunga nendlela i-fluoride echaphazela ngayo impilo yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kweli nqaku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esithethe ngazo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Fluorosis yimeko ebangelwa kubuninzi be-fluoride emzimbeni.
• Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: i-Dental Fluorosis (echaphazela amazinyo) kunye ne-Skeletal Fluorosis (echaphazela amathambo kunye namalungu).
• I-Dental Fluorosis ibangela amabala amhlophe/amdaka emazinyweni, kodwa ayibuhlungu. Ingalungiswa ngonyango lobuhle.
• I-Skeletal Fluorosis inzima ngakumbi kwaye inokubangela iintlungu zamalungu kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ukuba ungakanani na umlinganiselo we-fluoride emanzini owaselayo.
• Lumka ungaginyi i-toothpaste ene-fluoride ngelixa abantwana bakho bekhupha amazinyo.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezithile, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Khumbula, i-fluoride yinto esiyidingayo ngokulinganisela. Ingxaki kukufumana kakhulu kuyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba sonke siyiqaphele le nto kwaye sikhusele impilo yethu neyabantwana bethu. I-Fluorosis, i-Fluoride, amabala amazinyo, isifo samathambo, amanzi okusela, impilo yamazinyo, iiminerali