Masifunde nje nge-fMRI scan (i-Functional MRI), ejonga iindawo zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwengqondo.

Khawucinge ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo udinga utyando lobuchopho. Into yokuqala esiyicingayo kukuba, "Owu, gqirha, nazi njani ukuba nisebenze ngaphandle kokonakalisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo kwintetho, intshukumo, kunye nenkumbulo?" Lowo ngumbuzo omkhulu. Namhlanje sithetha ngeskeni ekhethekileyo esinceda ngaloo nto, esibonisa imephu 'ephilayo' yangaphakathi kwengqondo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-fMRI, okanye i-Functional MRI scan.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-fMRI?

Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-MRI scan. Ithatha imifanekiso ecacileyo kakhulu yezitho zomzimba ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Ayisebenzisi ii-X-ray okanye imitha efana ne-CT scans. Ngoko ke akukho nto yokoyika.

Ngoku, i-fMRI siskeni esikhethekileyo esisebenzisa umatshini ofanayo we-MRI. Kodwa into ekhethekileyo ngale kukuba, ukongeza ekuthatheni umfanekiso wobuchopho, ikwabonisa ukuba zeziphi iindawo zobuchopho ezisebenzayo ngelo xesha.

Isebenza ngolu hlobo: Xa inxalenye yengqondo yethu isebenza, njengaxa sithetha, sicinga, okanye sishukumisa isandla sethu, iiseli zengqondo kuloo nxalenye zifuna ioksijini engaphezulu. Ioksijini engaphezulu ithetha ukuhamba kwegazi okungakumbi. Umatshini we-fMRI unokufumanisa ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi okwandileyo. Emva koko iindawo ezisebenzayo zibonakala zikhanya ngakumbi kwiskeni.

Ziziphi iindlela zokusebenzisa olu vavanyo lweskena?

Ukumaphu yomsebenzi wobuchopho ngale ndlela kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi xa uceba utyando lobuchopho. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza utyando, ugqirha wemithambo-luvo unokujonga le mephu ye-fMRI aze acebe utyando ngaphandle kokonakalisa iindawo ezilawula imisebenzi yakho ebalulekileyo, njengentetho kunye nentshukumo. Oku kungenziwa kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.

Umzekelo, khawucinge ukuba unethumba engqondweni yakho. Ithumba likufutshane nenxalenye yengqondo yakho elawula indlela oshukumisa ngayo iminwe yakho. Ngexesha lokuskena, ucelwa ukuba ushukumise iminwe yakho. Umfanekiso we-fMRI ubonisa indawo echanekileyo apho wenza khona eso senzo, nto leyo ekhanyisayo. Emva koko ugqirha uyazi ukuba asuse ithumba ngononophelo ngaphandle kokuchukumisa loo ndawo.

Iimeko eziphambili apho olu hlobo locwangciso lufuneka khona zezi:

• Isifo sokuwa: Kwimeko yesifo sokuwa esingalawulwa ngamayeza, ukuba kufuneka utyando, ukusebenza kwengqondo kufuneka kujongwe ngaphambi kotyando.
• Iithumba zobuchopho: Ngaphambi kotyando lokususa iithumba ezinomhlaza okanye ezingenobungozi.
• Unyango ngemitha:Xa unyanga ubuchopho ngemitha, nciphisa umonakalo kwiindawo eziphilileyo.
• Emva konyango: Jonga ukuba kukho utshintsho na ekusebenzeni kwengqondo emva konyango oluthile.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kokuba ndiskene?

Ukulungiselela i-fMRI scan kubaluleke kakhulu kuba umatshini usebenzisa imagnethi enamandla kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga nokhuseleko lwakho.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka uzinike ingqalelo ezi zinto.

• Musa ukusela nantoni na ene-caffeine (ikofu, iti, iziselo ezibandayo) ngomhla wokuhlolwa, kuba oku kunokuchaphazela iziphumo zokuhlolwa.
• Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyiselayo. Uza kukuxelela ukuba uyisebenzise na okanye ungayisebenzisi ngaphambi kokuba uyiskeni.
• Musa ukunxiba okanye ukuphatha nantoni na yesinyithi . Ayisiyo kuphela isinyithi esinemagnethi, kodwa nesinyithi esingenamagnethi sinokuchaphazela ukucaca kweskena.

Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba unezixhobo zesinyithi okanye ze-elektroniki emzimbeni wakho, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho kunye nabasebenzi abenza iskeni ngayo ngaphambi kokuba iskeni.

Kwakhona, ukuba une -claustrophobia (uloyiko lweendawo ezincinci, ezivalekileyo), xelela ugqirha wakho kwangaphambili. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha angakunika amayeza amancinci okukuthomalalisa.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha leskeni?

Ukwenza iskeni yinkqubo elula kakhulu.

Uza kulaliswa ebhedini, kwaye umlungiseleli webhedi uza kukukhokela ngononophelo kumatshini omkhulu, ojikelezayo. Isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-head coil) siza kubekwa entlokweni yakho, njengesigcina-ntloko. Oku kuya kunceda ukwenza imifanekiso yengqondo yakho icace ngakumbi. Uza kunikwa nee-headphones ukuze zikuncede uve ingxolo evela kumatshini. Abasebenzi baya kukwazi ukuthetha nawe kwaye bakunike imiyalelo ngezi headphones.

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kwi-MRI eqhelekileyo, uxelelwa nje ukuba uhlale uzolile. Kodwa kwi-fMRI, ucelwa ukuba wenze imisebenzi emincinci ngelixa kusenziwa iskeni.

Umzekelo, uza kuxelelwa oku:

• Shukumisa iminwe yakho kancinci.
• Xela isivakalisi esifutshane.
• Jonga umfanekiso kwisikrini.

Njengoko usenza lo msebenzi, umatshini we-fMRI urekhoda iindawo zengqondo yakho ezisebenzayo. Ungawenza lo msebenzi ngeendlela ezimbini.

1. Inkqubo yebhloko: Kule nto, uxelelwa ukuba wenze into imizuzwana embalwa, uze ulinde imizuzwana embalwa uze uphinde uyenze.

2. Inkqubo yeziganeko: Oku kukuvumela ukuba wenze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye.

Ngamanye amaxesha ucelwa ukuba ungenzi nto, hlala nje apho uvale amehlo okanye uvulekile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"resting state scan". Ilinganisa ukusebenza kobuchopho xa uphumle.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-contrast agent ebizwa ngokuba yi -gadolinium inokufakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho ukuze kwenziwe i-scan icace ngakumbi.

I-fMRI scan iyonke idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure .

Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zeskeni?

Njengalo naluphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango, i-fMRI ineengenelo zayo kunye nezinye izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-fMRI kunye ne-EEG?

I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram) ikwaluvavanyo olulinganisa ukusebenza kwengqondo. Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini.

• I-fMRI ibonisa umsebenzi wobuchopho njengomfanekiso . Singabona ngqo ukuba zeziphi iindawo zobuchopho ezisebenzayo.
• I-EEG ibonisa umsebenzi wobuchopho njengamaza azotywe ephepheni okanye kwisikrini.

Ngamafutshane, ngelixa i-fMRI iphendula umbuzo othi "phi?", i-EEG ivakalelwa ngakumbi ngumbuzo othi "nini?", oko kukuthi, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimisebenzi.