Ingaba uyopha emathunjini akho? Masithethe nge (Ukopha Kwamathumbu)!

Ngaba wakha waphawula igazi kwindle yakho okanye ekuhlanzeni? Kungaba luphawu lwesisu esibuhlungu. Asinto omele uyithathe lula. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokopha kwamathumbu , okanye ukopha kwe-GI ngamafutshane. Oku kunokwenzeka nakubani na, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele.

Yintoni le nto iphuma emathunjini? (Ukopha kwamathumbu)

Ngamafutshane, `(Ukopha Kwamathumbu)` kukopha okuvela naphi na kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya (oko kukuthi, indlela esikugaya ngayo ukutya esikutyayo nesikuselayo). Cinga ngako, le nkqubo iqala emlonyeni wethu, ize idlule emqaleni, emqaleni, esiswini, emathunjini amancinci, emathunjini amakhulu, ize ekugqibeleni iphele empundu. Ngoko ke, naphi na kule ndlela inde, ukopha kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala, usulelo, okanye enye ingxaki.

Oogqirha bahlula olu phawu lokopha lube ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, kuxhomekeke apho luya khona:

Iindawo ezinokubakho zokopha igazi kwi-GI ephezulu

Oku kwenzeka kwicandelo eliphezulu lenkqubo yokwetyisa. Oko kukuthi:

• Umphimbo (umbhobho okhokelela esiswini xa siginya ukutya)
• Isisu (isikhwama sokugaya esiswini)
• I-Duodenum (inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci)

Iindawo ezinokwenzeka zokopha kwamathumbu amancinci

Oku kwenzeka embindini wamathumbu amancinci. Oko kukuthi:

• IJejunum (`IJejunum` - inxalenye ephakathi yamathumbu amancinci)
• Ileum (inxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amancinci)

Iindawo ezinokwenzeka zokopha nge-GI ephantsi

Oku kwenzeka kwinxalenye esezantsi yenkqubo yokwetyisa. Oko kukuthi:

• Ikholoni (amathumbu amakhulu)
• Inxalenye esezantsi ye-rectum (`Rectum`)
• I-Anus (`I-Anus`)

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokopha?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela eli gazi lihamba ngayo.

• Ukopha Okukhawulezileyo: Oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukopha okukhawulezileyo nokukhulu kakhulu . Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ayingombono ulungileyo ukuyilibazisa nokuba kancinci.
• Ukopha okungapheliyo: Kule meko, ukopha kwenzeka kancinci kancinci, kodwa kunokuhlala ixesha elide , kwaye kusenokuyeka kuze kubuye kwakhona.
• Ukopha igazi ngokungaqhelekanga: Oku kunzima kancinci. Kuba asikwazi ukubona ukopha. Kuba kuncinci kakhulu . Nangona kunjalo, kuphela xa senza izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi apho sifumanisa ukuba kukho ukwehla kwegazi.
• Ukopha okubonakalayo: Kulapho ukopha kubonakala ngokucacileyo. Kunokubonwa ngendle (enokuba mnyama okanye ibomvu), okanye ngokuhlanza .
• Ukopha okungabonakaliyo:Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba oogqirha benza uvavanyo olufana ne-"Endoscopy," abakwazi ukufumana ngqo apho igazi livela khona. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngolu hlobo.

Kutheni kukho ukopha okuvela kule nxalenye ingaphezulu? (Izizathu Zokopha Kwi-GI Ephezulu)

Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukopha kwegazi kwindlela ephezulu yokugaya ukutya. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Izilonda zesisu: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Ezi zilonda zinokuvela ngenxa yezinto ezinje ngokungasebenzisi amayeza ezilonda zesisu, ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu, kunye nosulelo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yiHelicobacter pylori.
• Ii-Esophageal varices: Le meko inokwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sesibindi. Imithambo yegazi esemqaleni iyadumba, iqhume, ize iqale ukopha.
• I-Gastritis: Ukudumba kolwelo lwesisu. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi.
• I-Esophagitis: Ukudumba kolwelo lomqala womqala.
• I-GERD (I-Chronic Acid Reflux): I-asidi yesisu iyanda (njengaxa isifo sohudo siba sibi kakhulu). Oku kungonakalisa nomqala.
• Umhlaza: Umhlaza womqala nesisu nawo unokubangela ukopha. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, asikuko konke ukopha okubangelwa ngumhlaza.
• I-Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): Olu luhlobo oluthile lwe-tumor oluvela kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Izifo zamanye amalungu omzimba, njengomhlaza wesibindi kunye nomhlaza wepancreatic, nazo zinokuba nemiphumo engathanga ngqo.

Zithini izizathu zokopha kwe-GI ephantsi? (Izizathu zokopha kwe-GI ephantsi)

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokopha kwegazi kwindlela esezantsi yokugaya ukutya.

• IiHemorrhoids: Le yinto abantu abaninzi abayaziyo. Imithambo yegazi ejikeleze i-anus iyadumba kwaye inokopha xa uhamba ngesisu.
• Ukuqhekeka kwempundu: Ukuqhekeka okuncinci eluswini lwempundu kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuqunjelwa kunye nokopha.
• Iipolyps zekholoni: Ezi ziintshulube ezincinci ezikhula ngaphakathi kwamathumbu amakhulu. Ezinye zazo zinokuguquka zibe ngumhlaza.
• Umhlaza we-Coloral: Nalo ngunobangela obalulekileyo.
• I-Diverticulitis kunye ne-diverticulosis: Iingxowa ezincinci ezikhula eludongeni lwamathumbu amakhulu, ezinokuthi zophe xa zisulelekile.
• Isifo sikaCrohn kunye ne -ulcerative colitis: Ezi ziimeko ezingapheliyo zokudumba kwenkqubo yokugaya ukutya (Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo - IBD).
• Izilonda ezisemathunjini.
• I-Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
• Umhlaza wempundu.

Zithini iimpawu zale nto, gqirha?

Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho ukopha kwenzeka khona kunye nobungakanani bokopha. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intlungu yesisu.
• Igazi elikwisitulo: Ngamanye amaxesha isitulo sinokuba mnyama okanye singabi namdla (oku kwenzeka xa igazi liphuma emathunjini aphezulu, ngenxa yokuba igazi ligaywa). Okanye sinokuba bomvu (oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa igazi liphuma emathunjini asezantsi).
• Inkangeleko engwevu: Xa umzimba ulahlekelwa ligazi, ulusu luba ngwevu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Xa ukhwela izinyuko okanye xa udiniwe kancinci, usenokuziva uphelelwa ngamandla.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nobuthathaka: Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu ukuba ungenza nantoni na, uzive ungenabomi.
• Ukuhlanza igazi: Ngamanye amaxesha ungahlanza igazi elitsha . Okanye ungahlanza umnyama , uhlanza olufana nolwekofu (oku kwenzeka xa igazi esiswini lixubana ne-asidi lize libe mnyama).

Ngaba iimpawu zahlukile xa uphuma igazi ngokukhawuleza?

Ewe, xa ulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi ngaxeshanye (`ukuphuma kwegazi ngokukhawuleza`), iimpawu zinokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye zivele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko :

• Ukudinwa, ukuziva ujikeleza, okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla (syncope).
• Ubunzima bokuchama okanye ukuphuma komchamo okuphantsi.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza: Ukuziva uxhalabile kwaye isifuba sibetha ngamandla.
• Ukothuka: Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Yenzeka xa amalungu omzimba engafumani gazi laneleyo. Ulusu lunokubanda, lubile, ukuphefumla kukhawuleze, kwaye ingqondo iphazamiseke.

Ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba unale mpawu, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Emva koko baya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze bafumane apho ukopha kuvela khona kwaye kuyingozi kangakanani.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo eziza kwenziwa?

Okokuqala, ungafuna ukwenza ezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokujonga inani legazi lakho kunye nokuba ngaba une-anemia.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi olungabonakaliyo kwindle (FOBT): Oku kunokufumanisa ukuba kukho igazi elingabonakaliyo esitulweni.
• I-CT scan: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray oluthatha imifanekiso yamathumbu enamacala amathathu (3D) ukujonga ukopha okanye ezinye iingxaki.
• Uvavanyo lwe-X-reyi lwamathumbu (`GI X-reyi`): Kule nto, kunikwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi`(Barium)` ukuba luselwe okanye lufakwe kwi-rectum, kwaye kuthathwa i`X-reyi`. Oku kuvumela ukuba ingaphakathi lamathumbu libonakale ngokucacileyo.
• I-endoscopy ephezulu: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope) ngomlomo wakho ukuze ahlole umphimbo wakho, isisu, kunye ne-duodenum. Le tyhubhu inekhamera encinci kunye nokukhanya esiphelweni, okuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngaphakathi ngcono.
• I-enteroscopy yebhaluni: Oku kufana ne-endoscopy, kodwa inokuhlola iindawo ezinzima ukubonwa zamathumbu amancinci. Kwenziwa ngokufutha ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kombhobho.
• I-Colonoscopy okanye i-Sigmoidoscopy: Kule nkqubo, kufakwa i-endoscope nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe amathumbu amakhulu kunye ne-rectum esezantsi.

Ngaba kuza kufuneka iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu?

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ezi mvavanyo zingasentla azikwazi ukubona ngqo umthombo wokopha, okanye ukuba kukho ukopha ngequbuliso, kunokufuneka iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ngakumbi:

• I-Angiography: Kule meko, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yegazi kwaye kwenziwa i-X-ray okanye i-CT scan. Oku kwenza kube lula ukufumana umthombo wokopha kuba imithambo yegazi ibonakala ngokucacileyo.
• I-Capsule endoscopy: Olu luvavanyo olungaqhelekanga. Uginya ikhamera encinci efana nepilisi. Ikhamera ithatha imifanekiso emininzi njengoko idlula emathunjini akho. Ekugqibeleni, ikhamera iphuma kunye nendle yakho.
• Iskeni yeRadionuclide: Kule nto, unikwa into equlethe umgangatho okhuselekileyo wezinto ezinemisebe. Le nto inamathela kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngoko ke iskeni ibonisa apho igazi lihamba khona.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokopha, apho ukopha kukhoyo, kwaye kunzulu kangakanani.

Ngaba inganyangwa ngamayeza?

Ewe, kwezinye iimeko, amayeza anokulawula ukopha aze anyange unobangela. Umzekelo, kukho amayeza okopha okubangelwa zizilonda zesisu, ii-hemorrhoids, okanye i-GERD. La mayeza aquka:

• Yehlisa amanqanaba e-asidi esiswini.
• Inceda ukujiya kwegazi.
• Inciphisa ukudumba.

Ngaba kufuneka wenze izinto ezinje ngotyando?

Amaxesha amaninzi, oogqirha benza unyango ngaxeshanye ne-endoscopy okanye i-colonoscopy. Ezi zizixhobo ezincinci ezisekupheleni kwetyhubhu ezinokusetyenziselwa:

• Ukususa ukukhula okungaqhelekanga, umzekelo, ii-colon polyps.
• Ukujova amayeza okunceda ukunqanda ukopha.
• Isenzo sokuvala (ukuvala) umthambo wegazi nge-clip encinci okanye ibhendi.
• Ukusebenzisa i-laser, igesi eshushu, okanye igesi ebandayo ukutshabalalisa izicwili apho igazi lihamba khona.

Kubalulekile: Uninzi lwezi ndlela zonyango zinokwenziwa ngaxeshanye ne-endoscopy, ngaphandle kokwenza umngxuma omkhulu, ngoko ke kukho ithuba lokuchacha ngokukhawuleza.

Ingaba unyango lwahlukile xa kuthe kwaphuma igazi ngequbuliso?

Ukuba ukopha kukhulu kakhulu, kunokufuneka utyando olungxamisekileyo . Ngamanye amaxesha utyando lwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi -laparoscopy . Oku kuthetha ukuba kwenziwa imingxunya embalwa esiswini, apho kufakwa ikhamera kunye nezixhobo zotyando ukuze kunyangwe ngokukhawuleza indawo yokopha.

Oku kungathintelwa njani ukuba kungenzeki? (Ukuthintela)

Kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukuthintela olu hlobo lokopha emathunjini:

• Sebenzisa iintlungu (amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory - ii-NSAID) kunye ne-aspirin kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuzisebenzisa ezi zinto, thetha nogqirha.
• Nciphisa utywala obuselayo. Ukusela utywala obuninzi kunokonakalisa isisu sakho.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wezilonda zesisu.
• Ukuba unezifo zamathumbu ezifana ne-diverticulitis, zinyange ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ulawule iimpawu zakho.
• Hlola intsholongwane iHelicobacter pylori, enokubangela izilonda esiswini, ingakumbi ukuba usemngciphekweni.

Ngaba ndiza kuphila kwesi sifo? Injani imeko? (Imeko)

Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola ngokupheleleyo emva kokopha kwe-GI. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba amathumbu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Olu tshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokopha kwakhona kwe-GI kwixesha elizayo:

• Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuphephe ukusebenzisa amayeza anokubangela ukopha.
• Fumana unyango lwezifo ezifana neHelicobacter pylori, ebangela izilonda zesisu.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo. Zama izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu.
• Hlala uphila ubomi obusempilweni kwaye utye ukutya okunempilo. Emva koko ungagcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.

Ngaba kukho nayiphi na imiyalelo yokhathalelo olukhethekileyo ekufuneka ilandelwe?

Nokuba unyango luphumelele, ngamanye amaxesha ukopha kwesisu kungabuya. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukhusele impilo yakho, nyamekela ezi zinto:

• Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kugqirha wakho emva kokufumana amadinga. La madinga avumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani aze abone naluphi na ukopha okutsha.
• Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ewayalele, kangangexesha elithile. Ukuba unengxaki ngemiphumo emibi yeyeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba. Usenokukwazi ukunciphisa umthamo okanye akunike elinye iyeza.
• Qhubeka usenza utshintsho oluhle kwindlela ophila ngayo. Nokuba awunazo iimpawu ngoku, ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni kuya kukunceda uhlale uphilile.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukopha kwamathumbu luphawu olunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Lunokwenzeka naphi na kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya.

Ungaze ungayihoyi igazi elikwindle yakho okanye igazi elihlanzayo. Isenokuba luphawu lwento enzulu.

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela naziphi na ezi mpawu. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezifana ne-"Endoscopy" okanye "Colonoscopy" ukuze bafumane umthombo wokopha baze bakunyange. Nokuba emva konyango, le meko inokuphinda ivele, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Hlala uphilile!

Inkqubo yokwetyisa, ukopha kwamathumbu, ukopha kwesisu, iimpawu, unyango, unobangela, i-endoscopy