Mhlawumbi uxelelwe ukuba "udibane nogqirha wotyando" xa unesisu esibuhlungu okanye kukho iqhuma emzimbeni wakho. Xa usiva oko, uziva usoyika kwaye unexhala, akunjalo? Xa sisiva igama elithi 'ugqirha wotyando', izinto ezifana negumbi lotyando kunye notyando olukhulu zifika engqondweni. Ngoko ke, ngubani ugqirha wotyando wokwenene okanye 'uGqirha oQhelekileyo'? Ngaba wenza utyando kuphela? Masithethe ngale nto ukuze sisuse uloyiko kunye namathandabuzo ajikeleze oku.
Ngubani lo Gqirha Jikelele?
Ngamafutshane, uGqirha oGqirha Jikelele ngugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokwenza utyando. Banokuthelekiswa nogqirha wosapho onokwenza utyando. Angaxilonga imeko yakho kwasekuqaleni, agqibe ngonyango olufunekayo, aze enze utyando ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha otyandayo abe nawe kungekuphela nje ngexesha lotyando.
- Unyango lwangaphambi kotyando: Uza kukuhlola, enze uvavanyo olufunekayo, aze akulungiselele utyando.
- Ngexesha lotyando (Ukhathalelo lotyando): Utyando lwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo.
- Ukhathalelo emva kotyando: Uza kujonga impilo yakho aze akunike iingcebiso kunye namayeza afunekayo emva kotyando de uphile.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, ugqirha otyandayo ngugqirha oza kuba nawe ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni malunga nemeko yakho yempilo aze akunyamekele.
Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa ngoogqirha?
Ugqirha otyandayo akapheleli nje kwinxalenye enye yomzimba. Banyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo.
| Imeko/Isiganeko | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukonzakala | Izinto ezinje ngokwenzakala okukhulu ngenxa yengozi, ukopha ngaphakathi, njl. |
| Izifo ezinxulumene nesisu | Iimeko ezifana ne-appendicitis, i-hernia, amatye enyongo, kunye nokugqobhoka kwamathumbu. |
| Izifo zamabele | Ukuxilongwa kunye nokususwa kweethumba ngotyando (ezinomhlaza nezingengomhlaza) ebeleni. |
| Izifo zolusu kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo | Utyando oluncinci lwezimila zesikhumba, i-eczema, kunye nezinye iingxaki zesikhumba. |
| Iimeko ze-endocrine | Utyando lweengxaki ze-thyroid okanye i-adrenal glands. |
| Utyando lomhlaza (i-oncology yotyando) | Ukususwa kweethumba ezinomhlaza ngotyando kwi-esophagus, ibele, okanye ezinye izitho zomzimba. |
Kodwa khumbula, ukuba ugqirha otyandayo ubona imeko enzima kakhulu ekunzima ukuba ayinyange, usenokukuthumela komnye ugqirha onolwazi lokuyinyanga. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana unyango olungcono kakhulu.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufunda ukuze ube ngugqirha wotyando?
Olu hambo alulula njengoko unokucinga. Ugqirha ngumntu onoqeqesho oluphezulu nokuzinikela.
1. Okokuqala kufuneka ube ngugqirha: Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ufunde kwisikolo sezonyango iminyaka emi-5-6 kwaye ufumane isidanga se-MBBS.
2. Emva koko uqeqesho lotyando: Emva koko, kufuneka bangene kwinkqubo yokuhlala kwindawo yotyando kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5. Ngeli xesha, basebenza phantsi koogqirha abanamava kwaye bafumana amava okwenza amawaka ee-operation ezahlukeneyo.
3. Kufuneka baphumelele iimviwo ezikhethekileyo: Emva kolu qeqesho, bafanelekela ukusebenza njengogqirha wotyando kuphela emva kokuphumelela iimviwo ezininzi ezibhaliweyo nezomlomo ezingqongqo kakhulu.
Ngoko ke ungabona indlela ugqirha otyandayo okunyangayo anolwazi namava ngayo.
Ziziphi iindlela ezintsha zotyando kule mihla?
Xa sicinga 'ngotyando', sicinga ngento ebandakanya ukwenza umsikelo omkhulu emzimbeni, kodwa ngenxa yeteknoloji yanamhlanje, loo meko itshintshe kakhulu. Ngoku, oogqirha botyando basebenzisa iindlela zanamhlanje ezibangela umonakalo omncinci emzimbeni kangangoko (ezingena emzimbeni kakhulu).
1. Indlela ye-Endoscopy
Olu luvavanyo okanye utyando oluncinci olubandakanya ukufakwa kwetyhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ngomngxuma wendalo emzimbeni (umzekelo, ngomlomo okanye empundu), ngaphandle kokusikwa kwesikhumba.
- Le ifakwa ngomlomo ibizwa ngokuba yi-Upper GI Endoscopy. Oku kunokuvavanya iindawo ezifana nomqala kunye nesisu.
- I-Colonoscopy yinkqubo eyenziwa nge-rectum. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlolisise amathumbu amakhulu.
- Le ndlela inokususa amaqhuma amancinci (ii-polyps) kumathumbu amakhulu kwaye ithathe iisampuli ezincinci zezicubu (ii-biopsy) ukuze zivavanywe.
2. Utyando lweLaparoscopic
Oku koko abantu abaninzi bakubiza ngokuba 'lutyando lwe-keyhole' okanye 'utyando lwe-laser.' Nangona kunjalo, akukho mitha ye-laser esetyenziswayo kule nkqubo.
Okwenzekayo apha kukuba endaweni yokwenza umngxuma omkhulu esiswini, kwenziwa imingxunya embalwa kakhulu (malunga ne-1 centimeter), kufakwa ikhamera (i-laparoscope) ngomngxuma omnye, kufakwa izixhobo zotyando ngeminye imingxunya, kwaye utyando lwenziwa ngelixa kujongwe isikrini sikamabonwakude.
Iingenelo zale ndlela:
- Akukho manxeba okanye amanxeba amakhulu.
- Intlungu incinci.
- Phila ngokukhawuleza uze ugoduke kungekudala.
- Umngcipheko wokosuleleka uphantsi.
Kule mihla, kwenziwa utyando oluninzi, olufana ne-appendectomy kunye ne-cholecystectomy, kusetyenziswa le ndlela.
3. Utyando lweRobhothi
Olu lolunye uphuculo kutyando lwe-laparoscopic. Apha, izixhobo zotyando aziphathwa ngqo ngugqirha otyandayo. Olu tyando lwenziwa kusetyenziswa iingalo zerobhothi ezilawulwa ngugqirha kwikhonsoli yekhompyutha. Oku kuvumela nokuba utyando olubuthathaka nolunzima lwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kogqirha jikelele kunye nogqirha otyandayo?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Impendulo ilula kakhulu.
Wonke ugqirha wotyando ngugqirha, kodwa ayinguye wonke ugqirha ongugqirha wotyando.
Oko kukuthi, ugqirha otyandayo ngugqirha ogqibe isidanga se-MBBS kwaye ufumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso ukongeza ekwenzeni utyando. Nangona ugqirha wakho wosapho oqhelekileyo (uGqirha oQhelekileyo - ugqirha) enyanga izifo ngamayeza, ugqirha otyandayo unamandla kunye noqeqesho lokunyanga izifo kungekuphela nje ngamayeza, kodwa nangotyando ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugqirha oGqirha yingcali enolwazi olubanzi noqeqesho lokunyanga izifo zakho.
- Musa ukoyika ukuthunyelwa kugqirha wotyando. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuza kuthathwa amanyathelo okukunika unyango olungcono olufunayo.
- Xa usiva igama elithi 'utyando', thetha nogqirha wakho malunga noloyiko, amathandabuzo, okanye imibuzo onokuba nayo ngaphandle kokuthandabuza. Uza kukuchazela yonke into.
- Namhlanje, uninzi lotyando lwenziwa kusetyenziswa iindlela zanamhlanje ezibangela umonakalo omncinci emzimbeni kwaye zivumela ukuba umzimba uphinde uphile ngokukhawuleza.
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