Ngaba sifanele sifunde okungakumbi ngezi mveliso zincinci emizimbeni yethu - iindlala?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi izinto ezimangalisayo ezenzekayo ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu? Kufana neefektri ezininzi ezincinci ezisebenzisanayo. Kukho amalungu amancinci emizimbeni yethu enza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu, siwabiza ngokuba ngama-gland . Usenokuba ukhe waliva eli gama, kodwa ngaba uyazi kakuhle ukuba ziyintoni na ezi zinto kwaye zenzani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngazo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Zithini iindlala? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, ii-glands ziiseli okanye izicubu ezikhethekileyo ezivelisa kwaye zikhuphe iikhemikhali ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Zicinge njengezithunywa ezincinci zeekhemikhali ezinceda imizimba yethu isebenze kakuhle. Ezinye ii-glands zikhupha iikhemikhali ezichaphazela kuphela indawo ezikuyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ii-glands ezikhupha iikhemikhali ezihamba emzimbeni wonke kwaye zenze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ebalulekileyo.

Zonke ezi glands zenziwe nge-epithelial tissue, enye yeentlobo ezine eziphambili zezicubu emzimbeni wethu. Zikhethekile kwindlela ezenza kwaye zikhuphe ngayo iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeendlala - masibone ukuba zeziphi.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zamadlala. Nazi:

1. Ii-Exocrine Glands

2. Ii-Endocrine Glands

Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ntlobo ngokwahlukeneyo.

Ii-Exocrine Glands - Zisebenza njani?

Ezi glands zinemijelo emincinci efana netyhubhu ebizwa ngokuba yi "Ducts" yokuthwala izinto ezizenzayo. Njengokuba amanzi ephuma empompini, le mijelo yindawo apho iimveliso zazo ziya khona apho zifuneka khona. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo onokuba uqhelene nazo:

• Ubisi lwebele oluvela koomama ukuya kwiintsana
• Iienzymes zokugaya ukutya zisinceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo.
• Impumlo ephuma empumlweni
• Amathe
• Ukubila
• Iinyembezi ziyavela xa silila.

Zonke ezi zinto ziveliswa zii-exocrine glands.

Ii-Endocrine Glands - Yintoni ekhethekileyo ngazo?

Olu hlobo lwe-gland lwahlukile kancinci. Zikhupha iikhemikhali ezizenzayo ngqo egazini . Oko kukuthi, azinazo iidreyini ezifana nee-exocrine glands. Ngenxa yokuba zihamba emzimbeni wonke ngegazi, iikhemikhali kunye nezinto ezizivelisayo zinokunceda umzimba wonke. Sidla ngokuzibiza ezi hormones .

Eminye imizekelo yile:

• Iiproteni ezintsonkothileyo ezinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi, umzekelo , izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi .
• Iihormone ezinceda kwimetabolism yethu (ukwenza nokusebenzisa amandla emzimbeni), umzekelo i-'Ghrelin', elawula indlalaI-Glucagon kunye ne-Insulin , ezilawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• Ezinye zee-neurotransmitters ezithwala imiyalezo kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, umzekelo, i-adrenaline kunye ne-norepinephrine .
• Iihomoni zesini zinxulumene neempawu zethu zesini kunye nenkqubo yokuzala, umzekelo , i-estrogen kwabasetyhini kunye ne-testosterone kumadoda.

Ngaba uyayiqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini? Enye inemijelo, enye ayinayo, kwaye iqhagamshela ngqo egazini.

Ziphi ezi gland emizimbeni yethu? Ungamangaliswa!

Kukho amadlala okubila emizimbeni yethu ngaphezu kokuba unokucinga. Khawucinge nje, kukho izigidi zamadlala okubila eluswini lwakho kuphela! Makhe sijonge apho akhoyo ngokuyintloko.

• Ii-Adenoid glands emva kwempumlo .
• Iindlala zempundu kwimpundu .
• Ii-Ceruminous glands zii-glands ezivelisa i-wax ngaphakathi kwendlebe .
• Ii-gland esiswini ezenza ii-enzymes zokugaya ukutya.
• Izintso kunye namadlala e-adrenal angaphezulu kwazo.
• Isibindi kunye nepancreas (zombini, ngokumangalisayo, zisebenza njenge-endocrine kunye ne-exocrine glands).
• Ii-mammary glands zezona zivelisa ubisi emabeleni abafazi .
• Ii-meibomian glands ezijikeleze amehlo (ezivelisa into efana neoyile enceda ukugcina iliso limanzi) kunye nee-lacrimal glands, ezivelisa ukukrazuka.
• Ii-Brunner glands, ezivelisa into efana ne-mucus, zifumaneka kwinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci (i-Duodenum) .
• Amaqanda abasetyhini.
• Iindlala ezimbini ezibalulekileyo engqondweni yethu yi-pituitary gland kunye ne-pineal gland.
• I -prostate gland yamadoda, ii-seminal vesicles, kunye nezinye ii-glands ezinxulumene noko.
• Iigland ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi emlonyeni ezivelisa amathe, umzekelo igland ye-parotid ekufutshane nendlebe.
• Iingcambu zeenwele zethu ziqulethe amadlala e-sebaceous (avelisa into efana neoyile enceda ukugcina ulusu lumanzi).
• I-Skene's Gland ikufutshane nelungu lobufazi kubafazi.
• Iindlala zokubila eluswini lwethu (`Apocrine` kunye` neendlala zokubila ze-Eccrine`).
• I-thymus gland ngaphakathi esifubeni (oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba).
• I-thyroid gland entanyeni kunye ne-parathyroid glands ezidibene nayo.

Ukhe wayibona indlela ezingaphi iindawo emizimbeni yethu esinazo ezi mveliso zincinci!

Zeziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubakho ngamadlala? Masiqaphele!

Xa yonke into isebenza kakuhle, akukho ngxaki. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho oluthile kunye nezifo zinokwenzeka ekusebenzeni kwezi gland. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezo zinto.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa usenza imali eninzi kakhulu okanye encinci kakhulu?

Ingxaki eqhelekileyo kwiindlala ezininzi kukuba zivelisa iikhemikhali ezininzi kakhulu okanye ezincinci kakhulu ekufuneka zivelise.

• Xa amathe ekhupha amathe amaninzi , umlomo unokuvuza amathe. Xa amathe ekhutshwa kancinci, umlomo unokuba manzi (Xerostomia) .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe -Meibomian Gland kunokubangela amehlo omileyo nacaphukileyo.
• Izifo ze -parathyroid glands : Ukusebenza kakhulu (i-Hyperparathyroidism) okanye ukusebenza kancinci (i-Hypoparathyroidism). Ezi meko zinokuba zimbi kakhulu kuba zilawula amanqanaba e-calcium emzimbeni wethu.
• Isifo se -Pituitary Gland : Ukusebenza kakhulu (i-Hyperpituitarism) okanye ukusebenza kancinci (i-Hypopituitarism). Ngenxa yokuba le gland ilawula amanye amadlala amaninzi, iingxaki ngayo zinokuchaphazela izinto ezininzi.
• Isifo se-thyroid : Ukwenza i-hormone eninzi kakhulu (i-Hyperthyroidism) okanye ukwenza i-hormone encinci kakhulu (i-Hypothyroidism). Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi.

Ukudumba kwamadlala

Ngamanye amaxesha amadlala anokudumba aze avuvuke. Oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-'Inflammation'.

• Ukudumba kwe-parotid gland (ukudumba kwesidlele) - `Parotitis` .
• Ukudumba kwe-prostate gland kumadoda - `Prostatitis` .
• Ukudumba kwamathe - `Sialadenitis` .
• Ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland - `I-Thyroiditis` .

Xa iiseli zomzimba wethu zihlasela amadlala (iimeko ze-Autoimmune Conditions)

Ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iqala ngempazamo ukuhlasela amadlala ethu aphilileyo. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba ziimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba .

• Izifo ezichaphazela i-thyroid gland: Umzekelo , i-Graves' Disease (i-thyroid esebenza kakhulu) kunye ne-Hashimoto's Disease (i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle).
• I-Myasthenia Gravis (isifo esibangela ubuthathaka bemisipha) sichaphazela i-thymus gland.
• I-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (ukudumba kwepancreas) kunye ne -Autoimmune Hepatitis (ukudumba kwesibindi), ezonakalisa amalungu omzimba afana nepancreas nesibindi.
• Isifo sikaSjögren, esibangela amehlo nomlomo owomileyo.
• Uhlobo lwe-1 lwesifo seswekile(Iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin kwi-pancreas zonakele).

Iintsholongwane ze-Exocrine Glands

Iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi kumadlala angaphandle.

• Usulelo lwe-tear gland - `Dacryoadenitis` .
• Umkhuhlane (usulelo lwentsholongwane oluchaphazela amathe).
• IiStyes (ezidla ngokubangelwa kusulelo lwendlala) - `IiStyes` .

Ezinye Iimeko Zokuzalwa

Ezinye iingxaki zamadlala zinokuba zezokuzalwa. Uninzi lwazo lubangelwa zizinto ezibangela ufuzo.

• `Carney Complex` (iithumba zinokuvela kwiindlala ezahlukeneyo).
• I-Cystic Fibrosis (ichaphazela iinkqubo zokuphefumla nezokugaya ukutya, iyenza lukhuni incindi ye-exocrine glands).
• Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-dwarfism (i-Dwarfism / i-Skeletal Dysplasia) (ezinye zazo zinxulumene nokusebenza kwamadlala e-hormone).

Iithumba kwi-gland

Ngelishwa, njengakwezinye iindawo emizimbeni yethu, iithumba zinokukhula kwiindlala. Ezi zinokuba zingenabungozi (ezingenamhlaza) okanye ezinobungozi (ezinomhlaza) . Xa ezi thumba zikhula kwiindlala, zinokubangela ukuba zivelise iikhemikhali ezininzi okanye ezincinci kakhulu eziveliswa zezo ndlala.

Kubalulekile: Musa ukoyika ezi zifo. Ezi zizinto ekufuneka uzazi. Ukuba uneempawu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ingxaki ngamadlala?

Ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba unengxaki yamadlala, into yokuqala abaya kuyenza kukukwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo "lomzimba" . Baza kukhangela utshintsho emzimbeni wakho onokulubona noluvakalelwa. Ukongeza, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lweGazi : Isampuli yegazi lakho ingathathwa kwaye ivavanywe ukujonga amanqanaba ezinto ezifana neehomoni ezikhutshwa ziindlala. Oku kunokufumanisa iingxaki ezininzi zendlala.
• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso : Iiskeni ze-ultrasound , ii-CT scans , okanye ii-MRI scans zisetyenziselwa ukujonga amadlala angaphakathi emzimbeni. Ezi zinokujonga utshintsho kubukhulu kunye nokuma kwamadlala.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yempilo, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo oluthe ngqo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuze sigcine amadlala ethu esempilweni?

Ukwenza izinto ezilungileyo kumzimba wethu wonke kulungele kakhulu amadlala ethu. Jonga ezi zinto:

• Yenza uhlolo lwezonyango ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki zamadlala zinokubonwa ngokuhlolwa okunje ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale iimpawu.
• Zama ukugcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni .
• Hlala usebenza (uqheliso) kangangoko unako.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo nokunokulinganisela . Faka iintlobo ngeentlobo zemifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neenkozo ekutyeni kwakho.

Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza , ingakumbi ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yamadlala, okanye ukuba unesidumba okanye iimpawu zosulelo kwiindawo ezinje ngamehlo okanye emlonyeni.

Ngaba ezi lymph nodes nazo luhlobo lwe-gland?

Le yinto edida abantu abaninzi. Hayi, ii-lymph nodes azizo ii-gland.

Kukho izizathu zokucinga ukuba zii-glands. Esinye kukuba la maqhuqhuva amancinci, angqukuva, kwiindawo ezifana nentamo, emakhwapheni, nangaphantsi kwesilevu, asondelelene kakhulu namaqhuqhuva okwenyani. Esinye kukuba abanye abantu bawabiza ngokuba yi-"Lymph Glands." Kodwa elo asilogama lichanekileyo, kuba awabonisi iimpawu ze-gland. Amaqhuqhuva e-lymph ayinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela.

Ngawaphi amadlala angaphantsi kwesilevu sethu?

Kukho amadlala aliqela ngaphakathi nangaphandle komhlathi wakho. Amadlala angaphantsi komhlathi (igama elithetha "phantsi komhlathi") akhona. Kukwakho namadlala angaphantsi kolwimi, angaphantsi kolwimi lwakho . La ngamadlala angaphezulu kolwimi.

Zithini ii-glands ezisentanyeni?

Indlala eyintloko entanyeni yakho yindlala yegilo . Imile okwebhabhathane kwaye ivelisa iihomoni ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu. Kuyo, macala omabini, kukho iindlala ezine ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ziindlala ze-parathyroid .

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo endinokuyithetha kuwe (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Logama nje ezi mveliso zincinci ezibizwa ngokuba zii-glands emizimbeni yethu zisebenza ngokuthula, asikhumbuli nokuba zikhona, akunjalo? Kodwa ukuba kukho nengxaki encinci kwenye yezi, inokusichaphazela kakhulu kangangokuba asikwazi ukucinga ngenye into.

Ngoko ke, ukuba unemibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye iimpawu ezintsha malunga namadlala akho, umsebenzi wawo, okanye nantoni na enye, ungaze uyityeshele loo nto . Thetha nogqirha ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yintloni kwaye kungakhululeki. Kodwa khumbula, ugqirha akakho apho ukukugweba. Umsebenzi wakhe kukumamela, ukukukhokela, ukukuxhasa, nokukunceda ubuyele kubomi bakho obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni.

Ngoko ke, khathalela umzimba wakho, kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho. Leyo yindlela engcono yokuhlala usempilweni!

Iindlala , iihomoni, iindlala ze-exocrine, iindlala ze-endocrine, i-thyroid, i-pituitary, impilo