Kwenzeka ntoni kwisihluzi sezintso zakho? Masifunde ngeSifo seGlomerular esineNirogi Lanka!

Ngaba wakha waphawula umchamo onamagwebu okanye onamaqamza? Okanye mhlawumbi uvukile wafumanisa ubuso bakho okanye indawo ejikeleze amehlo akho ibukeka idumbile kancinci? Ezi mpawu zingabonisa ingxaki ngeeyunithi ezincinci zokucoca kwizintso zakho, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-glomeruli. Namhlanje, eNirogi Lanka , siza kuhlola into eyaziwa ngokuba yiGlomerular Disease kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nempilo yezintso zakho.

Yintoni iGlomerular Disease?

Ngamafutshane, isifo se-glomerular sibhekisa kwiimeko ezichaphazela i-glomeruli—inethiwekhi encinci, ethambileyo yemithambo yegazi esebenza njenge-'iiyunithi zokucoca' zezintso zakho. Ii-glomeruli zakho zinoxanduva lokucoca imveliso engcolileyo egazini lakho ngelixa zigcina ulwelo oluyimfuneko. Xa ezi zakhiwo zonakele kwaye zingasebenzi kakuhle, zibizwa ngokuba sisifo se-glomerular.

Iimeko ezininzi ezingaphantsi zingonakalisa ezi yunithi. Oogqirha bahlulahlula olu tshintsho besebenzisa amagama amabini abalulekileyo:

• I-Glomerulonephritis: Oku kubhekisa ekudumbeni okanye ekudumbeni ngaphakathi kwe-glomeruli.
• I-Glomerulosclerosis: Oku kubhekisa ekuqineni okanye ekuqineni kwe-glomeruli ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngenxa yokuba ezi zifo zinokuphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezintso zakho, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba izintso zakho zingaphumeleli , kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unolwazi kwaye ulungiselele impilo yezintso zakho ngeNirogi Lanka.

Iyintoni indima ye-glomeruli yakho?

Cinga ngezintso zakho njengenkqubo yokucoca umzimba wakho. Ezi zitho zimbini zimile okwembotyi zibalulekile kwimpilo yakho, zifumaneka kumacala omabini omqolo wakho, ngaphantsi nje kwembambo yakho.

Igazi lingena kwizintso zakho ngemithambo yegazi, ethi emva koko ihlangane ibe yinethiwekhi entsonkothileyo, efana ne-mesh yemithambo yegazi emincinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-glomeruli. I-glomerulus nganye iqhagamshela kwityhubhu encinci yokuqokelela eyaziwa ngokuba yi- tubule . Xa idibene, i-glomerulus enye kunye netyhubhu yayo zenza iyunithi ebizwa ngokuba yi -nephron . Intso nganye yakho iqulethe malunga nesigidi se-nephron. Yinkqubo echanekileyo neyomeleleyo.

Xa isempilweni, i-glomeruli yakho iyahluza igazi lakho, igcina izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeproteni ngaphakathi kwegazi lakho apho zifanele khona. Kwangaxeshanye, zihluza inkunkuma kunye namanzi agqithisileyo, ziwathumela kwi-tubules ukuze zicutshungulwe zibe ngumchamo. Lo mchamo uhamba ngemibhobho ebizwa ngokuba yi-ureters ukuze ifikelele kwisinyi sakho ukuze igcinwe.

Isifo se-glomerular sichaphazela njani ukusebenza kwezintso?

Xa unesifo se-glomerular, i-glomeruli yakho iyonakala kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokucoca ngokuchanekileyo.

Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuba, iiproteni kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kufuneka zihlale egazini lakho. Nangona kunjalo, xa kukho i-glomeruli eyonakeleyo, ezi zinto zibalulekileyo zinokuvuza kumchamo wakho. Iproteni enye ebalulekileyo, i-albumin , inceda ekutsaleni ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni wakho lubuyele egazini lakho ukuze luhluzwe. Xa amanqanaba eproteni egazini lakho ehla, ulwelo olugqithisileyo luqala ukuqokelelana kwizicubu zomzimba wakho. Yiyo loo nto unokubona ukudumba—okanye ukudumba—ebusweni bakho, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, esiswini, okanye emaqatheni.

Ngaphezu koko, iiglomeruli ezonakeleyo ziyasokola ukucoca inkunkuma ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ezi tyhefu ziqokelele egazini lakho, nto leyo enokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho iyonke.

Yintoni ebangela isifo se-glomerular?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela uphuhliso lwesifo se-glomerular, eziquka:

• Usulelo okanye ukuchanabeka kumayeza okanye iikhemikhali eziyingozi: Izinto ezithile okanye amayeza anokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwezintso zakho.
• Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba wonke: Iimeko ezichaphazela umzimba wonke, ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye i-lupus , zihlala zichaphazela nezintso.
• Iimeko ezibangela ukudumba okanye amanxeba: Izifo ezikhokelela ekudumbeni okanye ekuqhekekeni kwe-nephron okanye i-glomerulus.
• Izizathu ezingaziwayo: Kwezinye iimeko, unobangela ochanekileyo usenokungacaci nangona uvavanyo lusenziwa.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo se-glomerular?

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi, nceda udibane nogqirha wakho:

• Umchamo onegwebu: Oku kubonisa ukuba kukho iproteni kumchamo wakho, eyaziwa ngokuba yiproteinuria .
• Umchamo opinki okanye omdaka okhanyayo: Oku kubonisa ukuba kukho igazi kumchamo wakho, owaziwa ngokuba yi -hematuria .
• Ukudumba: Ukudumba ebusweni/ejikeleze amehlo (ingakumbi kusasa), okanye ezandleni, ezinyaweni, okanye emaqatheni (ingakumbi ekupheleni kosuku).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).

Ukuba uqaphela ezi mpawu, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza kukucwangcisa idinga nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngokukhawuleza.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, baza kuhlola iimpawu zakho baze benze uvavanyo lomzimba. Emva koku, banokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe olu vavanyo lulandelayo lokuxilonga:

• Uhlalutyo lomchamo: Olu vavanyo lujonga amanqanaba eeproteni kumchamo wakho kwaye lujonge iiseli zegazi ezibomvu okanye ezimhlophe. Ubukho bezi seli buyasinceda siqonde ukuba ujongene nosulelo okanye ukudumba.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amanqanaba eeprotheyini zegazi lakho, iCreatinine (isalathisi esiphambili sendlela esebenza kakuhle ngayo izintso zakho), kunye neUrea nitrogen (imveliso engcolileyo). Sikwabala neGlomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) yakho, eyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokuvavanya ukuba izintso zakho zihluza igazi lakho ngempumelelo kangakanani.

Ukuba ezi ziphumo zelebhu zibonisa umonakalo wezintso, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iinkqubo zokuxilonga:

• Uvavanyo lweGazi oluPhambili: Olu vavanyo lusinceda sihlole usulelo olungaphantsi okanye iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba .
• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: I- Ultrasound isenza sikwazi ukubona izintso zakho ukuze sijonge naziphi na iingxaki kubungakanani okanye kwimilo yazo.
• I-Biopsy Yezintso: Ngexesha lale nkqubo, kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci ukukhupha iisampulu zezicubu ezincinci kwizintso zakho. Ezi zihlolwa ngemakroskopu ukuze kuchongwe uhlobo oluchanekileyo lomonakalo.

Izizathu kunye noNyango lweSifo seGlomerular

Isifo se-glomerular sinokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo ezisisiseko. Apha eNirogi Lanka, injongo yethu ephambili kukufumanisa unobangela wengxaki kwaye siyinyange ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukonakala okungakumbi kwezintso. Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela kwisifo se-glomerular kunye neendlela zonyango ezihambelanayo.

Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba

Ezi ziimeko apho amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela umzimba wakho ngempazamo. Oku kunokuchaphazela umzimba wakho wonke okanye amalungu athile omzimba. Izifo eziqhelekileyo zokuzikhusela komzimba ezichaphazela izintso ziquka:

• I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) (eyaziwa ngokuba yiLupus): Le meko yokuzikhusela komzimba ichaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba. Xa ibandakanya izintso, ibangela iLupus Nephritis —ukudumba kwe-glomeruli. Oku kudumba kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekuncipheni kokusebenza kwezintso. Unyango ludla ngokubandakanya amayeza okuthintela amasosha omzimba afana neMycophenolate Mofetil okanye iCyclophosphamide , adla ngokudityaniswa neCorticosteroid Prednisolone .
• I-Goodpasture's Syndrome: Esi sifo singaqhelekanga sokuzikhusela komzimba sihlasela izintso zakho kunye nemiphunga. Ezintso, sikhokelela kwi-glomerulonephritis, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo osisigxina ukuba asinyangwa. Unyango luquka i-immunosuppressants kunye ne -Plasmapheresis , inkqubo esusa ii-antibodies eziyingozi egazini lakho.
• IgA Nephropathy: Kule meko, i-antibody ye -Immunoglobulin A (IgA) ibeka kwi-glomeruli, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba. Silawula oku ngokubanzi ngamayeza anjenge -Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors okanye i-Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) .

I-Nephritis yelifa

• I-Alport Syndrome: Imeko yemfuza ebonakaliswa sisifo se-glomerular esingapheliyo, esihlala sihamba nokukhubazeka kokuva okanye ukubona. Ichaphazela amadoda nabafazi, kodwa amadoda anamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD), ngamanye amaxesha aqhubekela phambili ekusileleni kwezintso xa sele eneminyaka engama-20 okanye xa eneminyaka engama-40. Unyango lugxile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Isifo seGlomerular esinxulumene nosulelo

Ngamanye amaxesha, usulelo oluvela kwenye indawo emzimbeni lunokubangela isifo se-glomerular.

• I-Acute Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis (PIGN): Oku kunokuvela emva kosulelo lomphimbo (Strep throat) okanye, ngokungaqhelekanga, usulelo lolusu olufana ne -Impetigo . Inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba ivelisa kakhulu ii-antibodies ukulwa nosulelo, oluthi emva koko luhlale kwi-glomeruli luze lubangele umonakalo. Nangona iimeko ezininzi ziphila ngaphandle konyango oluthile, iimeko ezinzima zinokufuna i-Kidney Dialysis okanye, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, i- Kidney Transplantation .
• I-Bacterial Endocarditis: Olu luhlobo losulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo yakho. Lunokuchaphazela izintso ngempendulo yomzimba okanye ezinye iindlela zokudumba. Unyango lubandakanya unyango lwee -Antibiotics .
• Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezifana neHepatitis B , iHepatitis C , kunye neHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) nazo zingakhokelela kwisifo seglomerular. Unyango lwenzelwe ukulawula usulelo oluthile lwentsholongwane olubandakanyekayo.

Izifo zeSclerotic (Iimeko zokuvaleka)

• I-Glomerulosclerosis: Le meko ibhekisa kumanxeba (i-sclerosis) e-glomeruli, eziziiyunithi ezincinci zokucoca kwizintso zakho. Iimeko ezifana ne-lupus kunye nesifo seswekile zimizekelo eqhelekileyo yezifo ezinokukhokelela kwi-glomerulosclerosis.
• I-Diabetes-Related Nephropathy: Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela isifo se-glomerular kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso e-United States. I-Diabetes-related nephropathy ibangela amanxeba kwizintso kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-glucose. I-glucose egqithisileyo inyusa izinga lokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso, ibeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kumsebenzi wokucoca i-glomeruli kwaye inyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi (ngakumbi i-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors okanye i-Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) ), ukuzilolonga rhoqo, kunye nokutya okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
• I-Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): Kule meko, amanxeba adla ngokuvela kwiindawo ezincinci kuphela ze-glomeruli nganye. I-FSGS inokwenzeka njengenxalenye yesifo esiqhelekileyo (umzimba wonke), okanye ngamanye amaxesha unobangela usenokungaziwa. Iinjongo zonyango zigxile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol .

Ezinye izifo zeGlomerular

• I-Membranous Nephropathy: Eyaziwa ngokuba yi -Membranous Glomerulopathy , le yeyona nto yesibini ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-nephropathy kubantu abadala e-United States, emva kwe-nephropathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile. Inxulunyaniswa nee -antigens/antibodies ezithile ezijoliswe kuzo ezihlasela umaleko we-membrane ye-glomeruli. Abanye abantu banokuphila ngaphandle kokungenelela. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha banokucebisa ii-ACE inhibitors , ii-ARBs , okanye iiCalcineurin Inhibitors njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sonyango.
• Isifo soTshintsho oluNcinci (MCD): Uhlobo lwe-nephropathy apho i-biopsy yezintso ibonisa utshintsho oluncinci okanye olungekhoyo kwisakhiwo kwi-glomeruli okanye kwizicubu ezingqongileyo. Nangona iidiphozithi ezincinci zamafutha (amafutha) zinokubakho, akukho zinxeba. I-MCD inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Unyango ludla ngokubandakanya ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, ii-ACE inhibitors , okanye ii-ARB , apho ii-steroids zihlala zisebenza kakhulu ekufezekiseni uxolelo.

Ngaba isifo se-glomerular singakhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso?

Ewe. Ukuba izintso zakho azikwazi ukucoca inkunkuma egazini lakho ngempumelelo, ezi tyhefu ziyaqokelelana emzimbeni wakho, zonakalisa izintso kwaye zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo. Oku kuncipha kunokuba ngequbuliso (ngokukhawulezileyo) okanye kwenzeke kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha (okungapheliyo). Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo sakho se-glomerular, ukusebenza kwezintso kunokuncipha kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezininzi, okanye kunokuqhubeka kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi.

• Ukusilela Kwezintso Okubukhali (ARF): Oku kukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wezintso ngequbuliso. I-ARF inokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye inokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo, kubandakanya ne-dialysis , ukubuyisela ukusebenza. Kwezinye iimeko, xa unobangela oyintloko unyangiwe, umsebenzi wezintso ubuyela ngaphandle komonakalo osisigxina. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abachachayo kwi-ARF banokufumana iSifo Sezintso Esingapheliyo (CKD) kamva.
• Isifo Sezintso Esingapheliyo (CKD): Oku kubandakanya ukwehla kancinci kancinci kokusebenza kwezintso. Usenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu kangangeminyaka emininzi. Nangona ezinye iimeko ezibangela i-CKD zinokulawulwa, isifo ngokwaso asinakunyangwa, kwaye amanxeba ezintso aqhelekanga ukubuyiselwa. Ukuba ayilawulwa, i-CKD inokukhokelela ekungasebenzini ngokupheleleyo kwezintso.
• Ukusilela Kwezintso Konke: Okukwaziwa ngokuba yi -End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) , oku kuthetha ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wezintso ngokusisigxina. Ukuba ufikelela kweli nqanaba, kuya kufuneka u-dialysis wexesha elide (ofana ne -hemodialysis okanye i-peritoneal dialysis ) okanye ukufakelwa izintso ukuze uphile.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndinesifo se-glomerular?

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo kunika ithuba elihle lesiphumo esihle. Injongo yonyango kukuthintela ukonakala okungakumbi kwizintso zakho okanye ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Khumbula, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kubalulekile ekulawuleni impilo yakho ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba umonakalo uba mkhulu kwaye ukhokelela ekusileleni, i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso kuhlala kukhetho oluphambili.

Ngaba isifo se-glomerular singathintelwa?

Nangona ingezizo zonke iimeko ezinokuthintelwa, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho weengxaki ezinxulumene nezintso kwaye uxhase impilo yakho iyonke ngokwenza olu tshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo:

• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
• Nciphisa ukutya ityuwa; kuphephe ukongeza ityuwa engakumbi ekutyeni kwakho.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi ngokufanelekileyo. Jonga usukelo lwe-120/80 mmHg.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, gcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho elawulwa kakuhle.
• Sela onke amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kwaye ulandele zonke iinjongo zolawulo ezixutyushwe ngexesha lokubonisana kwakho neengcali zaseNirogi Lanka.
• Yeka ukutshaya.

Nangona kungengabo bonke oonobangela besifo se-glomerular abanokuthintela, kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha wakho kwangoko xa ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezinokubakho. Ukuchonga oonobangela abasisiseko kwangethuba kunye nokuqala unyango olukhawulezileyo kubalulekile. Ulawulo olusebenzayo lunokunceda ukulawula umonakalo wezintso okanye ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Yintoni iNephrosis, okanye iNephrotic Syndrome?

I-Nephrosis, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi -Nephrotic Syndrome , yingqokelela yeempawu ezibonisa ukuba izintso zakho zivuza amanqanaba aphezulu eeproteni kumchamo wakho, nto leyo ebangela ukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:

• Ukudumba (ukudumba), ngakumbi emehlweni, ezinyaweni nasemaqatheni.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol.
• Amanqanaba aphantsi eeprotheyini egazini lakho.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu eeprotheyini kumchamo wakho.

Unyango lugxile ekusombululeni unobangela oyintloko. Iindlela zonyango zihlala ziquka:

• Ukunika amayeza okuthintela igazi (ACE inhibitors) okanye ii-ARB ukunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi nokunciphisa ukuvuza kweprotheyini kumchamo wakho.
• Ukwamkela ukutya okunesodium ephantsi.
• Ukusebenzisa ii-diuretics ukulawula ukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni.
• Ukusebenzisa ii-corticosteroids okanye amanye amayeza okunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol ngamayeza.
• Ukuba unesifo se-plasmapheresis ukuba isifo se-autoimmune sihlasela ii-antibodies zomzimba wakho.

Ukuba i-nephrosis ibangelwa sisifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo, isenokunganyangeki. Njengoko ii-glomeruli zilahlekelwa ngamandla azo okucoca ngokuchanekileyo, inkunkuma kunye nolwelo ziyaqokelelana egazini lakho, ekugqibeleni okukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu, unyango olufana ne-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso luyafuneka.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubona iimpawu zesifo se-glomerular okanye naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwimpilo yakho, nceda udibane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo; ukubonwa kwangoko kwenza kube lula kakhulu isicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo zinokubeka emngciphekweni i-glomeruli kwizintso zakho. Ukuhlala ulandela imiqondiso yomzimba wakho kunye nokufuna iingcebiso zonyango kwiNirogi Lanka okanye kumboneleli wezempilo wasekuhlaleni kwangoko nje ukuba ubona utshintsho kubalulekile kwimpilo yakho yexesha elide.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

Siyathemba ukuba olu shwankathelo lwesifo se-glomerular lube luncedo. Nazi iingongoma ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Isifo se-glomerular senzeka xa iiyunithi zokucoca ezincinci (i-glomeruli) kwizintso zakho zonakele.
• Lumka xa ubona iimpawu ezifana nomchamo onamagwebu, igazi kumchamo, ukudumba, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uzibona ezi zinto.
• Ukulawula ngempumelelo iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kubalulekile ekukhuseleni ukusebenza kwezintso zakho.
• Ukungenelela kwangoko sesona sixhobo silungileyo sokukhusela izintso zakho. Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu ezingapheliyo.
• Ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni—isondlo esifanelekileyo, umthambo rhoqo, kunye nokuphepha icuba—kunokunceda ukunciphisa iingozi zakho.

Izintso zakho zingamalungu abalulekileyo agcina impilo yakho iyonke. Nceda ubeke phambili ukhathalelo lwazo. Ukuba uneengxaki, qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo eNirogi Lanka—silapha ukukuxhasa.

Iithegi: Isifo sezintso, Isifo seGlomerular, Ukuhluzwa kwezintso, I-Glomeruli, I-Proteinuria, I-Hematuria, I-Edema, Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, Ukusilela kwezintso, i-Nephrosis