Ngaba kunzima ukuginya? Ngaba unesihlungu somqala? Ngaba le mithambo-luvo ingaba yimbangela? (I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve)

Asicingi kakhulu ngentlungu esiyivayo xa siginya ukutya, sisela amanzi amancinci, okanye sinomphimbo obuhlungu, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngasemva kwayo yonke le nto, kukho inxalenye encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu esebenzayo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemithambo-luvo ekhethekileyo. Loo mthambo yi-glossopharyngeal. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, umsebenzi eliwenzayo ulula kakhulu kwaye ubalulekile.

Masiqale sibone, ziintoni ezi zi-nerve?

Ngamafutshane, imithambo-luvo ifana nenkqubo yeengcingo ezincinci ezihamba emizimbeni yethu. Ingqondo yethu yeyona ndawo iphambili yokulawula. Ukusuka kweli ziko lolawulo, imiyalezo ithunyelwa kuzo zonke izitho zethu zokuqonda, njengeengalo zethu, imilenze, amehlo, iindlebe, nomqala, kwaye ukusuka kwezo zitho, imiyalezo ithunyelwa ebuchotsheni ngale nkqubo yeengcingo ezibizwa ngokuba yimithambo-luvo. Ifana nenkqubo yocingo lombane endlwini yethu. Imiyalezo yombane neyekhemikhali (ii-neurons) ezivela ebuchotsheni zihamba ngale ndlela.

Ngoko ke, yintoni le mithambo-luvo yeGlossopharyngeal?

I-glossopharyngeal nerve yeyesithoba kwiiperi ezili-12 eziphambili zemithambo-luvo (9th Cranial Nerve okanye CN IX) ezivela kwinxalenye esezantsi yobuchopho bethu (brainstem). Ziza ngambini, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho enye kwicala lasekunene lentamo yethu nenye ngasekhohlo.

Ingcali yale nerve kukuba inokwenza iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemisebenzi, ngokungathi umntu omnye wenza imisebenzi emithathu.

• Ukunyakaza komzimba: Kunceda ekushukumiseni izihlunu. Yile nto eyenza izihlunu zomqala zisebenze xa siginya ukutya.
• I-Parasympathetic: Inceda amalungu omzimba kunye nezicubu ziphumle xa singasebenzi, oko kukuthi, xa siphumle. Umzekelo, oku kunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamathe emlonyeni emva kokuba sigqibile ukutya.
• Imvakalelo: Isinika imvakalelo. Le nxalenye isinceda sive izinto ezifana nokungcamla, ukuchukumisa, kunye nobushushu. Yile nxalenye esinika intlungu xa umphimbo wethu ubuhlungu okanye imvakalelo xa iindlebe zethu zizele.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yalo mthambo emzimbeni wethu?

I-glossopharyngeal nerve idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emqaleni nasemlonyeni wethu. Makhe sijonge ukuba yenza ntoni.

Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela le mithambo-luvo?

Njengalo naliphi na elinye ilungu lomzimba, umthambo we-glossopharyngeal unokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokwenzakala, ezinye zazo ezinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

I-Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia (GPN)

Le yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo nebuhlungu enxulunyaniswa nale mithambo-luvo. Ngamafutshane, le yintlungu eqatha kwimithambo-luvo.

• Kwenzeka ntoni?: Ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ngequbuliso uziva intlungu enzima, ebukhali, efana neyombane emqaleni wakho, ngasemva kolwimi lwakho, okanye ngaphakathi endlebeni yakho.
• Intlungu ivela njani?: Le ntlungu ingathatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa. Ingavela ngequbuliso xa uginya, uthetha, uthimla, ukhohlela, okanye uhleka kakhulu.
• Impembelelo: Le ntlungu inzima kangangokuba abanye abantu bayoyika ukutya okanye ukusela amanzi ngenxa yokoyika ukuba intlungu ibuya.

I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve Palsy

Oku kwenzeka xa ingozi, isifo sohlangothi, okanye enye imeko yempilo yonakalisa le nerve kwaye ibangele ukuba ingasebenzi kakuhle. Le nerve isenokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ingasebenzi ngokupheleleyo.

• Iimpawu:
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia).
• Ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo yokungcamla ngasemva kolwimi.
• Utshintsho lwelizwi.
• Ukulahlekelwa okanye ubuthathaka kwemvakalelo ngasemva komphimbo (gag reflex).

Ezinye izizathu

Ukongeza kwezi meko zingasentla, le mithambo-luvo inokonakala ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezininzi.

• Iithumba kunye nomhlaza: Iithumba okanye ezinye iithumba ezikwingqondo, emlonyeni, emqaleni, kwiitoni, okanye kwisiseko sentloko zinokubangela ukucinezelwa kwale nerve.
• Iingxaki zotyando oluthile:
• I-Carotid Endarterectomy: Le mithambo-luvo inokonakala ngexesha lotyando ukuze kususwe amafutha kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu entanyeni.
• Ukususwa kweetoni: Kwezinye iimeko, izicubu ezibomvu ezikhula emva kokuba iitoni zisusiwe kwaye zipholile zinokucinezela le mithambo-luvo, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yiEagle Syndrome.
• Ngexesha lokubulala iintlungu: Ezinye iityhubhu (i-laryngeal mask airway) ezifakwa emqaleni ngexesha lokubulala iintlungu zingonakalisa izicubu ezibuthathaka zomqala kunye nalo mthambo.

Singenza ntoni ukukhusela le mithambo-luvo?

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimeko ezifana ne-glossopharyngeal neuralgia zinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunciphisa izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko esinokuzilawula, singawunciphisa umonakalo kule nerve.

• Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Ukuba uyatshaya, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuyeka. Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kubaluleke kakhulu. Ezi zinto zinciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo nomphimbo.
• Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya se-HPV:I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) inokubangela umhlaza womqala. Ukufumana olu gonyo kunokunciphisa loo mngcipheko.
• Ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga: Ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo kunokunceda ukugcina impilo entle iyonke.
• Ukukhetha ugqirha onamava otyando: Ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando lomphimbo okanye lwentamo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ugqirha onamava amahle kweli candelo. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.

Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.

• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya nokusela (dysphagia).
• Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga okanye unentlungu xa uvula umlomo wakho.
• Ukuba uhlala uziva umlomo owomileyo.
• Ukuba uziva ngathi ulahlekelwe yimvakalelo ngasemva komlomo okanye emqaleni.
• Ukuba i-gag reflex ivakala ibuthathaka okanye ayikho.
• Ukuba ufumana intlungu ebukhali, ebukhali, efana neyombane emqaleni, endlebeni, okanye kwindawo yolwimi.