Xa uthatha ingxelo yegazi, ingakumbi ingxelo ye-cholesterol, usenokuba uqaphele ukuba kukho amagama amaninzi afana ne-LDL, i-VLDL, kunye ne-Triglycerides, kunye nexabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-HDL. Ukubona la magama ngamanye amaxesha kunokukwenza udideke kancinci, akunjalo? Usenokuba uzibuza, "Yeyiphi kwezi elungileyo? Yeyiphi embi?" Ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngenye yezi, i-HDL, abantu abaninzi abayibiza ngokuba yi-'cholesterol elungileyo', ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le cholesterol ye-HDL?
I-cholesterol ye-HDL yinto efumaneka egazini lakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, yinto enceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane umbono womngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo . Uvavanyo lwegazi ekufuneka ulijonge ukuze ujonge i-cholesterol yakho lubizwa ngokuba yi-"Lipid Panel". Kulapho uza kubona khona eli xabiso le-HDL (ngamanye amaxesha libizwa ngokuba yi-HDL-C) kuloo ngxelo.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-LDL cholesterol (i-cholesterol embi) esidla ngokuthetha ngayo, inqanaba eliphezulu kancinci kuneliqhelekileyo le-HDL cholesterol libonisa ukuba umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo uphantsi. Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-"cholesterol elungileyo."
Nangona kunjalo, akulunganga ukuba ne-HDL eninzi kakhulu. Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga, oko kunokubonisa ukuba unamaqondo e-cholesterol angalunganga (i-dyslipidemia). Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uya kusoloko ezama ukukunceda ugcine inqanaba lakho le-HDL likwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi HDL?
I-HDL imele i -High-Density Lipoprotein . I-lipoprotein sisiqwenga esincinci esenziwe ngama-lipids (njengamafutha) kunye neeproteni.
Cinga nge-cholesterol emizimbeni yethu njengabakhweli. Abakhweli abanakuhamba ngegazi bodwa. Bafuna izithuthi zokuhambahamba. Ezo zithuthi, okanye 'iibhasi', zezo sizibiza ngokuba zii-lipoproteins.
Le HDL luhlobo olunye nje 'lwebhasi' oluhamba egazini lakho. Kukwakho nezinye iintlobo zeebhasi ezibizwa ngokuba yiLDL kunye neVLDL. Ingxelo yakho ethi "Lipid Panel" ibonisa ukuba ingakanani i-cholesterol yohlobo ngalunye eyayihamba egazini lakho ngexesha lokutsalwa kwegazi.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, i-HDL kunye ne-HDL cholesterol azifani ngokwenene. I-HDL yeyokuba 'yibhasi', kwaye i-HDL cholesterol yeyabakhweli (i-cholesterol) kuloo bhasi. Kodwa ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo, sithetha ngazo zombini into efanayo.
Yintoni isizathu esikhethekileyo sokuba i-HDL ibe 'yi-cholesterol elungileyo'?
Isizathu esiphambili sokuba amasuntswana e-HDL "alungile" kukuba uphando lwezonyango lufumanise ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu awo anciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
Umsebenzi ophambili we-HDL kukuqokelela i-cholesterol engafunekiyo, egqithisileyo emzimbeni ize iyithwale iye esibindini. Njengomntu oqokelela inkunkuma esitalatweni. Isibindi emva koko siyayicola le cholesterol size siyikhuphe emzimbeni kwindle.
Le yinto entle kakhulu. Kuba, ukuba i-cholesterol egazini iyanda, ingafakwa eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, yenze into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"plaque". Oku kunokubangela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kwaye kukhokelele kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka sibe 'neebhasi' ze-HDL ezaneleyo egazini lethu ukuze sifumane i-cholesterol eyongezelelweyo emzimbeni wethu. Ayipheleli apho, i-HDL inceda ekulweni nokuvuvukala emzimbeni kwaye ithintele ukuqhekeka kwegazi . Yiyo loo nto siyithanda kakhulu i-HDL, ifana nomhlobo osenyongweni wentliziyo yethu.
Zithini ixabiso elicetyiswayo le-cholesterol ye-HDL?
Le theyibhile ibonisa amaxabiso aqhelekileyo nangaqhelekanga kumanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-HDL kubantu abadala. La maxabiso ayahluka kancinci ngokwesini.
| Inqanaba le-HDL | Ixabiso (kwi-mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Amanqanaba aphantsi e-HDL (awamkelekanga) | Amadoda: ngaphantsi kwe-40 mg/dL Ibhinqa: ngaphantsi kwe-50 mg/dL |
| Inqanaba le-HDL elisempilweni/eliqhelekileyo | Amadoda: phakathi kwama-40 nama-80 mg/dL Ibhinqa: phakathi kwama-50 nama-80 mg/dL |
| Inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu le-HDL | Kuwo wonke umntu: ngaphezu kwama-80 mg/dL |
Kubantwana nakubantu abadala abancinci, inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-HDL lithathwa njengeliphakathi kwama-45 nama-80 mg/dL.
Zithini izizathu zokuba amanqanaba e-HDL aphantsi?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL asenokuba phantsi. Ezinye zazo zezi:
- I-Metabolic syndrome: Le yindibaniselwano yezinto ezibangela umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. I-HDL ephantsi yenye yeempawu zayo.
- Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo (i-BMI engaphezulu kwama-25): Ukuba namafutha omzimba agqithisileyo kunokunciphisa amanqanaba e-HDL.
- Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba: Akupheleli nje kwicuba kunye ne-bidis, kodwa ne-nicotine ekwi-e-cigarettes yehlisa i-HDL.
- Ukunganyamezelani ne-insulin: Xa amafutha emzimbeni esanda, kuba nzima ukuba i-insulin ilawule iswekile egazini. Oku kukwangunobangela we-HDL ephantsi.
- Iimeko zofuzo: Ezinye iimeko zofuzo ezifana ne-'Familial combined hyperlipidemia', 'ApoA1 deficiency', 'Tangier disease' zinokubangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-HDL.
- Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo: Umzekelo, amanye ama-beta-blockers, ii-hormones, okanye ii-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) zinokunciphisa i-HDL okwethutyana. Kodwa ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngenxa yoku. Ukwenza njalo kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo.
Kutheni amazinga e-HDL enyuka ngokungeyomfuneko?
Ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba e-HDL anokuba ngaphezulu kwe-80 mg/dL. Oku kunokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo
- I-Hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu)
- Iimeko ezifana ``ne-cholangitis ye-biliary yokuqala``
- Utshintsho oluthile kwizakhi zofuzo
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamanye amayeza
Ndingakwazi na ukulawula amanqanaba am e-HDL?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo unako! Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL liphantsi, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ngeendlela zokulinyusa. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukutya ukutya okunempilo kwintliziyo (umz. imifuno, iziqhamo, iintlanzi ezine-omega-3, amantongomane).
- Ukuzibandakanya ekuzilolongeni imihla ngemihla.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uza kuphanda unobangela aze akunike unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Xa ujonga ingxelo yakho ye-cholesterol, khumbula ukuba u-'H' kwi-HDL umele 'Uncedo.' I-HDL luhlobo lwe-cholesterol olunceda umzimba.
Kunokuba nzima ukuqonda amaxabiso akwingxelo yakho ye-cholesterol. Kodwa ungadideki. Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL lingaphandle komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, ugqirha wakho ukhona ukuze afumane unobangela aze awunyange. Khumbula, xa usenza izigqibo malunga nempilo yakho, ugqirha wakho liqabane lakho elilungileyo. Mbuze nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-HDL 'yi-cholesterol elungileyo' ethwala i-cholesterol embi negqithisileyo esuka emzimbeni wethu ukuya esibindini ukuze isuswe.
- Ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-HDL kudla ngokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu akusoloko kuyinto elungileyo.
- Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL liphantsi, ungalinyusa ngokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namaxabiso akwingxelo yakho ye-cholesterol, ungadideki kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho. Uza kukuchazela yonke into.
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