Intliziyo yakho ifana nomatshini omangalisayo osebenza ngokungayekiyo. Umsebenzi ophambili wale moto kukupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Cinga nje, ukuze lo msebenzi wenziwe ngokufanelekileyo, igazi kufuneka lihlale lihamba kwicala elinye, kanye kanye. Alinakukwazi ukujika libuyele umva. Ukuze wenze loo msebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, kukho inkqubo emangalisayo yamasango ngaphakathi entliziyweni. Kwizonyango, la masango siwabiza ngokuba ziivalvu zentliziyo . Namhlanje sithetha ngezi valve zincinci, kodwa ziyimfuneko ebomini bakho.
Zisebenza njani iivalvu entliziyweni? Hayi indlela emangalisayo!
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, masiqale sijonge i-Aufbau, okanye isakhiwo sentliziyo. Intliziyo yakho ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho amagumbi amabini phezulu namagumbi amabini phantsi. La magumbi siwabiza ngokuba yi-Atria kunye ne-Ventricles.
- Igumbi eliphezulu kwicala lasekunene: I-Atrium yasekunene
- Igumbi elisezantsi kwicala lasekunene: I-Ventricle yasekunene
- Igumbi eliphezulu ngasekhohlo: I-Atrium ekhohlo
- Igumbi elisezantsi kwicala lasekhohlo: I-Ventricle yasekhohlo
Ngoku, phakathi kwezi gumbi, naphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu ekhupha igazi kwiigumbi, kukho iivalvu, okanye iigeyithi ezine. Ezi zenziwe ngezicubu ezincinci kodwa eziqinileyo. Sikwabiza la maphetshana okanye ii-cusps.
Khawucinge ngendlela ithontsi legazi elihamba ngayo emzimbeni wakho.
1. Okokuqala, igazi elisetyenziswe emzimbeni kwaye liphelelwe yioksijini (masilibize ngokuba ligazi eliluhlaza ukuze kube lula ukuliqonda), livela kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye liqokelelana kwigumbi eliphezulu kwicala lasekunene, oko kukuthi, i-atrium yasekunene .
2. Emva koko, ivalvu yokuqala, ivalvu ye-tricuspid, iyavuleka. Emva koko, igazi elikwigumbi eliphezulu lingena kwigumbi elisezantsi, i-ventricle yasekunene . Emva kokuba igazi lingene, le valve iyavaleka ngokuqinileyo, ingavumeli igazi ukuba liphinde lihambe.
3. Ngoku i-ventricle yasekunene iyafinyela ngamandla, oko kuthetha ukuba iyapompa, ize ityhale eli gazi lingenayo ioksijini liphume ngevalvu yesibini. Yiyo leyo ivalvu yemiphunga . Eli gazi liya ngqo emiphungeni. Kutheni? Ukuze lifumane ioksijini.
4. Emiphungeni, eli gazi ligcwele ioksijini . Ngoku eli gazi libomvu, litsha, lineoksijini. Eli gazi libuyela entliziyweni. Kodwa ngeli xesha liza kwicala lasekhohlo.
5. Eli gazi lizele yioksijini liqokelelana kwigumbi eliphezulu kwicala lasekhohlo, oko kukuthi, i-atrium yasekhohlo .
6. Emva koko, ivalvu yesithathu, ivalvu ye-mitral, iyavuleka. Emva koko, igazi elineoksijini eninzi elivela kwigumbi eliphezulu lingena kwigumbi elisezantsi, i-ventricle yasekhohlo . Eli lelona gumbi linamandla entliziyweni.
7. Ekugqibeleni, i-ventricle yasekhohlo ipompa ngamandla kakhulu. Emva koko ivalvu yesine neyona ibalulekileyo, ivalvu ye-aortic, iyavuleka.Xa sele livuliwe, eli gazi lizele yioksijini liphonswa kwi-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni. Ukusuka apho, igazi lisasazeka emzimbeni wonke, ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni.
Isandi esithi "lub-dub" osivayo entliziyweni yakho sisandi sezi valve zine zivuleka zize zivale ngokulandelelana. Ayimangalisi na loo nto?
Iivalvu ezine entliziyweni kunye noko zikwenzayo
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezi valve zine ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe. Nganye kuzo inendawo yayo ekhethekileyo, imo yayo, kunye nomsebenzi wayo.
| Igama levalvu | Indawo kunye nesenzo |
|---|---|
| Ivalvu yeTricuspid | Ineevalvu ezintathu. Iphakathi kwe-atrium yasekunene (igumbi eliphezulu) kunye ne-ventricle yasekunene (igumbi elisezantsi). Umsebenzi wayo kukuvumela igazi elingenaoksijini emzimbeni ukuba lihambe ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi kwaye lithintele ukuba libuyele phezulu. |
| Ivalvu yePulmonary | Ikwanazo neevalvu ezintathu. Iphakathi kwe-ventricle yasekunene (igumbi elisezantsi) kunye nomthambo we-pulmonary othwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni. Umsebenzi wayo kukuvumela igazi ukuba lipompelwe ukusuka kwi-ventricle yasekunene ukuya emiphungeni kunye nokuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli entliziyweni. |
| Ivalvu yeMitral | Ineevalvu ezimbini. Iphakathi kwe-atrium yasekhohlo (igumbi eliphezulu) kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo (igumbi elisezantsi). Umsebenzi wayo kukupompa igazi elineoksijini eninzi ukusuka emaphashini ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, nokulithintela ukuba linganyuki. |
| Ivalvu ye-Aortic | Ineevalvu ezintathu. Le yindlela ephambili yokuphuma kwentliziyo. Iphakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo (igumbi elingaphantsi) kunye ne-aorta, umthambo omkhulu othwala igazi ukuya emzimbeni wonke. Umsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo kukuvumela igazi ukuba lipompelwe lisuka entliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke kunye nokuthintela ngokupheleleyo elo gazi ukuba lingabuyeli entliziyweni. |
Zeziphi izifo ezinokuchaphazela iivalvu zentliziyo?
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi valve azisebenzi kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ukuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kunesiqhelo ukupompa igazi elifunekayo ngumzimba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, intliziyo inokuphelelwa ngamandla.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni iingxaki zevalvu zenzeka:
- Ukwaluphala: Njengoko sikhula, ezi valve, njengezinye iindawo zomzimba, zinokutshintsha.
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Abanye abantu bazalwa beneziphene ezithile kwiivalvu (umzekelo, ukwehla/ukwanda kwenani leevalvu, utshintsho kwimo yazo). Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi- (Congenital heart disease) .
- Iintsholongwane: Ezinye iintsholongwane zingonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo iivalvu zentliziyo.
- Ezinye iimeko zempilo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nezinye izifo zentliziyo nazo zingonakalisa iivalvu.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeengxaki zeevalvu ezinokuchaphazela nayiphi na ivalvu.
| Uhlobo lwengxaki | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuza (Ukubuyisela i-regurgitation) | Oku kufana nocango olungavalwa kakuhle. Ivalvu ayivalwa kakuhle, ngoko ke igazi elithile liyavuza kwakhona. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"valvu yentliziyo evuzayo." I-Mitral valve prolapse yimeko ekhethekileyo yale meko. |
| I-Stenosis | Oku kufana nocango olungenakuvulwa ngokupheleleyo kuba iihinji zinomhlwa. Iiflaphu zevalvu ziba nkulu, ziqine, okanye zinamathelene, ngoko ke ivalvu ayivuleki ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko indawo yokuba igazi lihambe kuzo iba mxinwa. Intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukuze ikhuphe igazi. |
| I-Atresia | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu, ezalwa nayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yivalvu ayenziwa xa kuzalwa, njengodonga apho kufanele kubekho ucango khona. |
Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki ngevalvu? Zithini iimpawu?
Okumangalisayo kukuba abanye abantu banokuba nengxaki kwenye yeevalvu zabo zentliziyo kodwa bangabonakalisi zimpawu . Ngenxa yokuba isifo sevalvu siqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala xa zikhula.
Rhoqo, ugqirha wakho uba ngowokuqala ukubona ingxaki yevalvu. Uphawu lokuqala sisandi esingaqhelekanga asivayo xa ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho, esibizwa ngokuba yi-heart murmur . Nangona kunjalo, ukuva i-heart murmur akuthethi ukuba kukho ingxaki. Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho "i-heart murmur engenabungozi" engenabungozi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ezi mpawu zilandelayo, inokuba yingxaki yevalvu:
- Intlungu yesifuba: Intlungu evakala ngathi kukuqina okanye ukuxinana esifubeni.
- Ukudinwa nokuquleka: Ukuziva ngequbuliso ujikeleza okanye ulahlekelwe zingqondo.
- Ukudinwa: Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu, ungenabomi, nokuba awuzange wenze msebenzi.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye isifuba sakho siyagubha.
- Ukuphefumla nzima: Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ingakumbi xa usenza umthambo, uhamba umgama omfutshane, unyuka izinyuko, okanye ulele ebhedini.
- Ukudumba: Ukudumba emaqatheni, ezinyaweni, emilenzeni, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kwindawo yesisu.
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, nceda ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zinto zinokubangelwa zizinto ezilula, kodwa kungcono ukuya kuhlolwa.
Ungayigcina njani intliziyo iphilile xa unesifo sevalvu?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uqinisekisa ukuba unesifo se-valve yentliziyo, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uphile naso kwaye ugcine intliziyo yakho isempilweni.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zentliziyo.
- Hlola uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol rhoqo kwaye uwagcine elawulwa. Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo.
- Yamkela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo . Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, imifuno eluhlaza kunye neentlanzi ezincinci ekutyeni kwakho.
- Zilolonge rhoqo.Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokuzilolonga ezifanelekileyo kuwe.
- Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze akuhlole. Uyakwazi ukujonga imeko yentliziyo yakho aze akunike iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba unyango lwamazinyo okanye olunye utyando, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Isizathu soku kukuba iintsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni ngeli xesha zingonakalisa iivalvu ezibuthathaka.
- Ungaze ulibale ukuxelela bonke oogqirha abakunyangayo, kuquka nogqirha wamazinyo, ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo.
Nanini na xa ufuna ukubona ugqirha
Ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga nosulelo lwentliziyo (endocarditis) . Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu zosulelo olufana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukucinga nje ukuba ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iivalvu ezine entliziyweni yakho zifana namasango amancinci avumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela.
- Iingxaki eziphambili ngezi valve kukubuyela kwemisipha kunye ne-stenosis.
- Isandi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (ukugquma kwentliziyo) esiviwa ngugqirha sinokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo sevalvu.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukudinwa kakhulu, okanye ukudumba kwemilenze.
- Nokuba unesifo sevalvu, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ngendlela enempilo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe.
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