Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ukhe waziva ebuthathaka ngequbuliso, enamehlo atyheli, waza waphelelwa ngumdla wokutya? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokuhamba nomkhuhlane. Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa sisiva ezi zinto. Ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa yiHepatitis A. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, oku akusoloko kuyimeko enzima. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hepatitis A?
IHepatitis A yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane. Ibangelwa yintsholongwane yeHepatitis A (HAV). Le ntsholongwane ichaphazela ngqo isibindi emzimbeni wethu. Xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, isibindi sethu siqala ukudumba, okanye ngokwezonyango, sivuvuke.
Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ayibi sisifo esingapheliyo njengezinye iintlobo ze-hepatitis. Oko kukuthi, ayisosifo esihlala ixesha elide. Sidla ngokuba ngcono kwiinyanga ezimbini ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, siyasulela kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukuba unaso esi sifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulumke ungosuleli abanye.
Zithini iimpawu zeHepatitis A?
Intsholongwane isenokungabonakalisi zimpawu kangangeeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokuba ingenile emzimbeni. Eli xesha libizwa ngokuba lixesha lokufunxa. Ngeli xesha, intsholongwane iyanda emzimbeni. Emva koko, iimpawu ziyavela xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iqala ukulwa nale ntsholongwane.
Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala, banokuba nesi sifo ngaphandle kokubonisa zimpawu baze baphile. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo.
| Uphawu | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu (i-Jaundice) | Olu luphawu oluphambili olubonwa ngabantu abaninzi. Le meko yenzeka xa isibindi singakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. |
| Umchamo onombala omnyama kunye nendle enombala okhanyayo | Umchamo unokuba nombala weti omnyama, kwaye indle inokuba lula, njengombala wodongwe. |
| Ukudinwa | Nokuba ungenzi msebenzi, umzimba uziva udiniwe kakhulu. Umzimba uziva ungenabomi. |
| Ifiva | Usenokuziva ushushu, ngokungathi umzimba wakho ushushu. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza | Usenokuphelelwa ngumnqweno wokutya, kwaye usenokuba nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
| Isisu esibuhlungu | Usenokuziva iintlungu, ingakumbi kwicala lasekunene lesisu sakho, apho isibindi sikhoyo. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezifana norhudo, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nolusu olurhawuzelelayo. |
Esi sifo sidluliselwa njani ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuqonda. Kalula nje, le ntsholongwane ikwindle nasegazini lomguli. Ngoko ke, esi sifo siyasasazeka ukuba intsholongwane ekwindle ingena emlonyeni wakho ngandlela ithile. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'yindlela yokungena emlonyeni'. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka ngayo oku:
- Ukungazihlambi izandla zakho: Khawucinge ukuba umntu ogulayo uya kwigumbi lokuhlambela aze angazihlambi kakuhle izandla zakhe ngesepha. Ukuba ke usebenzisa ezo zandla ukukulungiselela ukutya, okanye ukuchukumisa into oyichukumisayo, intsholongwane inokungena ezandleni zakho ize ingene emzimbeni wakho xa usitya ukutya.
- Ukutya namanzi angcolileyo: Kwiindawo apho inkunkuma ingalahlwanga kakuhle, intsholongwane ingangena kwimithombo yamanzi okusela kunye naloo nkunkuma. Kwakhona, ukutya imifuno eluhlaza kunye neziqhamo ezihlanjwe kuloo manzi kunokusasaza isifo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ucoceko, ingakumbi xa usitya ngaphandle.
- Ukudibana ngokusondeleyo: Kukho umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo xa usondelelene kakhulu nomntu onesifo (umzekelo, ukulalana).
- Ukwabelana ngeenaliti: Xa abantu abafaka iziyobisi besebenzisa inaliti enye, intsholongwane esegazini lomguli inokudluliselwa komnye umntu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba usenokusulela omnye umntu emva kweeveki ezimbini ubonakalise iimpawu kunye neeveki ezintathu emva kokuba iimpawu zakho ziphelile. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka ucinge kakhulu ngococeko.
Masifunde ngokuxilongwa kunye nonyango.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Ngokukodwa, baza kujonga ukuba amehlo akho atyheli na (i-jaundice) kunye nokudumba kwesibindi.
Emva koko, baya kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo esichanekileyo.
- Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwesibindi: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba isibindi sakho sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na okanye ukuba sonakele na.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody: Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na intsholongwane yeHepatitis A emzimbeni wakho.
Inyangwa njani iHepatitis A?
Enyanisweni, akukho yeza lithile elinokubulala intsholongwane yeHepatitis A. Inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela iyalwa nale ntsholongwane ize iyibulale. Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa ngoogqirha kukunika iingcebiso eziya kukunceda kuloo mlo kwaye zikuncede uphile ngokukhawuleza.
| Kwenziwe ntoni | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Phumla kakuhle. | Ukuba uziva udiniwe, phumla kangangoko unako. Hlala ekhaya ungasebenzi okanye ungafuni isikolo. Oku kuya kukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza kwaye kukuthintele ekusasazeni esi sifo kwabanye. |
| Sela amanzi/ulwelo oluninzi. | Ukugabha kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu kunokubangela ukulahleka kolwelo oluninzi emzimbeni. Ngoko ke sela ulwelo oluninzi olufana namanzi, umhluzi, ipapa, kunye nesobho. |
| Ziphephe izinto ezisindayo esibindini. | Ekubeni isibindi sele sibuthathaka, kufuneka uziphephe izinto ezisibangela uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo.Yeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, musa ukuthatha nayiphi na imithi yokuthomalalisa iintlungu okanye eminye imithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho. |
| Hlala unxibelelana nogqirha. | Ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukujonga imeko yakho. Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye awuziva ngcono, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. |
Eyona nto ingcono kukuthintela esi sifo ngaphambi kokuba sivele!
Ewe, singayithintela iHepatitis A. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nelula yokwenza oko kukufumana ugonyo lweHepatitis A.
Ngubani obalulekileyo ukugonywa?
- Kuye nabani na oneminyaka engaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala.
- Kwabo batyelela amazwe apho esi sifo sixhaphakileyo khona.
- Kwabo sele benesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo.
- Kwabo basebenza kwiindawo ezifana nezikolo zabantwana abancinci nezibhedlele.
Ngaphandle kokugonya, kukho izinto esinokuzenza
- Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle: Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukutya, ngaphambi kokutya, nasemva kokutshintsha amanabukeni abantwana abancinci.
- Ukutya namanzi acocekileyo: Sela amanzi abilayo rhoqo. Xa usitya ngaphandle, khetha iindawo ezicocekileyo. Hlamba imifuno neziqhamo kakuhle phambi kokuba utye.
Ukuba uyagula, ungabakhusela njani abanye?
- Bazise abo uhlala nabo (ekhaya, emsebenzini) ukuba uyagula.
- Kuphephe ukulungiselela abanye ukutya okanye ukwabelana ngokutya okwethutyana.
- Coca indlu yangasese kunye nesinki oyisebenzisayo ngesibulali-ntsholongwane.
- Kuphephe ukulala nomntu xa ugula.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IHepatitis A sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esichaphazela isibindi. Nangona kunjalo, asisoloko sihlala sihleli kwaye siphela ngokwaso ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Isasazeka ngokutya okungcolileyo, amanzi, kunye nococeko lomntu olungafanelekanga.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokutyheli kwamehlo, ukudinwa kakhulu, umkhuhlane, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kukugonyelwa iHepatitis A. Kwakhona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle rhoqo.
- Ukuba uyagula, phumla ngokwaneleyo, sela amanzi amaninzi, kwaye uziphephe ngokupheleleyo izinto ezifana notywala, ezinokubangela uxinzelelo kwisibindi.
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