Ngaba umzimba womntwana wakho ubonakala uqinile? Masifunde ngeHypertonia!

Xa ubamba umntwana wakho omncinci, okanye xa ubamba iingalo okanye imilenze yakhe, ngaba wakha waziva ukuba umzimba wakhe uqinile kwaye kunzima ukuwugoba? Ngamanye amaxesha izihlunu zeentsana zinokuba nzima ngokungeyomfuneko. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko, ebizwa ngokuba yiHypertonia . Ungakhathazeki, ukuqaphela oku linyathelo lokuqala.

Yintoni iHypertonia?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypertonia kukuxinana kwemisipha okugqithisileyo. Kufana nesiqwenga somthi esinamathelayo endaweni yebhanti yerabha. Abantwana abanale meko banezandla eziqinileyo, imilenze, neentamo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzishukumisa.

Sonke sineengxaki/ukuxhathisa kwimisipha yethu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-muscle tone . Bamba nje i-biceps yakho esandleni sakho ngelixa umi. Yiyo loo nto uziva ngayo. Le muscle tone yiyo esinceda sihlale sithe nkqo, sigcine ibhalansi yethu, kwaye sigcine ingqiqo yethu isebenza kakuhle.

Ngoko ke, xa le toni yezihlunu iphezulu kakhulu, oko kukuthi, xa kuvela i-hypertonia, iintshukumo ziba zezomatshini kakhulu, njengerobhothi. Ngenxa yokuba izihlunu azikwazi ukuphumla, ukuguquguquka komzimba kuphantsi kakhulu. Ezi zingane zinobunzima bokugcina ibhalansi, ukuhamba, ukufikelela kunye nokuchola izinto. Ngamanye amaxesha zide zifune uncedo lokutya.

Ziziphi iintlobo zeHypertonia?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-hypertonia. Oogqirha baxilonga oku ngokugoba ingalo okanye umlenze womntwana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngesantya esahlukileyo nangamacala ahlukeneyo.

• I-Spastic hypertonia okanye i-spasticity: Kulapho i-reflexes kunye ne-muscle spasms zikhula khona xa ishukuma. Khawuthelekelele ingalo yomntwana iqina kwaye ishukuma njengoko ezama ukushukuma.
• I-dystonic hypertonia okanye ukuqina: Kule nto, ukuqina kwezihlunu akutshintshi ngokuhamba. Kubonakala ngathi kuhlala kuqinile.

Ichaphazela bani le meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

I-Hypertonia, imeko echaphazela iintsana kunye nabantu abadala, inokwenzeka emva kokwenzakala kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo - ingqondo kunye nomgogodla. Ngamanye amaxesha ingenzeka emva kwengozi, okanye ingaba luphawu lwemeko yokuzalwa . Ihlala ifunyaniswa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emibini ubudala.

Kunzima ukutsho ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani, kuba i-hypertonia inokuba luphawu lwezinye izifo. Kodwa ayiqhelekanga njenge -hypotonia - ubuthathaka bemisipha - echaphazela izakhono zomntwana zokuhambisa amalungu omzimba .

I-Hypertonia iyichaphazela njani umzimba womntwana?

Xa umntwana wakho ene-hypertonia , kunokuba nzima ukuhambisa amalungu akhe. Okwenzekayo kukuba kukho ingxaki kunxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo, imithambo-luvo, kunye nemisipha. Imisipha ayazi ukuba kufuneka inciphe okanye iphumle nini ngokufanelekileyo. Cinga ngayo njengesibane sendlela esiphukileyo. Akukho mqondiso wokuba iimoto zime okanye zihambe. Ngokufanayo, ngenxa yokuba imisipha yomntwana iqinile, kunokuba nzima ukuhamba, kwaye banokulahlekelwa yibhalansi yabo baze bawe. Ngenxa yokuba umzimba awuphenduli ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukubanceda baphinde balungelelane.

Zithini iimpawu zeHypertonia?

Iimpawu ze-hypertonia zibangelwa kukuba izihlunu ziqine kakhulu. Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Kwakhona, ubukhali beempawu buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho umonakalo ukhona engqondweni okanye emgogodleni.

Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Uluhlu lwentshukumo luyancipha, njengomgama wonke ingalo enokuphakanyiselwa kuwo.
• Kunzima ukushukumisa iingalo zakho, imilenze, kunye nentamo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi nokuwa rhoqo.
• Intshukumo yamalungu incinci, kwaye ukuguquguquka komzimba kuphantsi kakhulu.
• Kusenokubakho iintlungu eziqatha kunye nobuhlungu kwiimisipha.
• Ukushukuma nokushukuma kwemisipha ngokunganyanzelekanga (myoclonus).

Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- "contracture" . Oku kuthetha ukuba amalungu avaleleke endaweni yawo, kwaye izihlunu, imisipha, izicubu, kunye nolusu ziyaqina ngokusisigxina, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amalungu aqine kwaye aqine. Xa oku "contracture" kwenzeka, kunzima kakhulu ukuhambisa inxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekayo.

Zithini izizathu zeHypertonia?

Eyona nto ibangela i-hypertonia sisiphene sokunxibelelana kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi – oko kukuthi, ingqondo kunye nomqolo. Le nkqubo ilawula ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha.

Ithoni yemisipha ilawulwa ziindlela ezidibanisa imithambo-luvo nobuchopho. Ukuba ezi ndlela zonakele okanye zivalekile, imisipha ayinakuva kakuhle imiqondiso evela kwimithambo-luvo. Xa ithoni yemisipha isanda, ingqondo ayinakuxelela imithambo-luvo ukuba, 'Kulungile, phumza imisipha yakho ngoku.'

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni inkqubo yemithambo-luvo inokonakala ngale ndlela kwaye ibangele i-hypertonia:

• Ukwenzakala kokuzalwa: Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana akafumani ioksijini ngelixa ephuma esibelekweni sikanina (umjelo wokuzalwa).
• Ithumba lobuchopho.
• Iimeko ezichaphazela indlela imithambo-luvo enxibelelana ngayo nezihlunu.
• Ezinye iintlobo zomonakalo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi.
• Iingxaki ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhula komntwana ongekazalwa.
• Istroke.

Ezinye izifo ezibangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu njengempawu

I-Hypertonia inokuba luphawu lweemeko ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela unxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo kunye nemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha yomzimba. Ukuba ugqirha ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho une-hypertonia, baya kuhlola nomntwana wakho ukujonga ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, ezinje:

• Umvakalelo yokitazo
• Isifo sokugubhuka
• Isifo sikaParkinson

Ifunyaniswa njani i-Hypertonia?

Ukuze afumanise ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, ugqirha uza kuqala ahlole iimpawu zomzimba zomntwana. Apho, uza kunikela ingqalelo kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.
• Izakhono zokusebenzisa imisipha: Oku kuthetha izinto ezifana nendlela yokubamba into ethile, indlela yokushukumisa iingalo nemilenze yakho, kunye nendlela yokuhlala.
• Ukucamngca.
• Umsebenzi wemithambo-luvo.

Olu vavanyo alubuhlungu kumntwana. Ngokwesiqhelo, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esifana nesando sokuzilolonga.

Ugqirha uza kubuza nangembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Baza kufumanisa nokuba bekukho naziphi na iingxaki ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, kwaye ukuba le yingxaki ebangela oko na.

Uvavanyo lokuchongwa

Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba une-hypertension, unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo. Ezi mvavanyo ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lokujonga ingqondo kunye nomqolo: Umzekelo , i-MRI scan okanye i -CT scan .
• I-Electromyograms (EMG): Oku kulinganisa umsebenzi wezihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo.

Iphathwa njani iHypertonia?

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu bemeko ye-hypertension kwaye lugxile kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu.

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokusetyenziswa kwi-hypertension:

• Zilolonge rhoqo, kangangoko unako.
• Ukuya kunyango lomzimba ukuze uphucule indlela ohamba ngayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ingcali yonyango lomzimba ikufundisa indlela yokukhulula izihlunu eziqinileyo nokwenza intshukumo ibe lula.
• Iinaliti ezifumaneka kwindawo ethile, ezifana ne -botulinum toxin, zifakwa ngqo kwimisipha echaphazelekayo. Oku kuthintela okwethutyana imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo.
• Ukunika amayeza okukhulula izihlunu ukunciphisa ukuqaqamba kwezihlunu.
• Ukunyanga esinye isifo esingabonakaliyo esinophawu lwe-hypertension.

Ukongeza, kukho unyango olufumanekayo lokuphucula ukuhambahamba nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kubantu abane-hypertension, ingakumbi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo ngenxa yokuwa. Abantu abaninzi abane-hypertension enzima basebenzisa izixhobo zokuhambahamba njengendlela ekhuselekileyo yokuhambahamba kwihlabathi liphela.

Ndingalindela ukuba ndiphile ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

I-Hypertonia yimeko ehlala ubomi bonke, kodwa ngonyango, ungaphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Injongo yonyango kukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwezihlunu. Ukuba uziva ngcono ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokuba nomntwana one-hypertension?

Kunzima ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana one-hypertension. Oku kungenxa yokuba unobangela awusoloko uthintelwa, ingakumbi ukuba unxulumene nesifo esithile. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uza kusebenza nawe ukuxoxa ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokunciphisa ukwenzakala kokuzalwa kunye neengxaki zokubeleka ngexesha lokubeleka. Ezi zinto zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-hypertension.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unomntwana one-hypertension?

Ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luyinto ehlala ixesha elide, uqikelelo lwesifo luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuxilongwa kwaso. Abanye abantwana banokuziva bebhetele emva konyango olude, kwaye imeko isenokungabi nampembelelo ingako kwimpilo yabo iyonke. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunokuchaphazela impilo yonke yomntwana kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Kwezinye iimeko , ukungasebenzi kakuhle okungapheliyo kunokwenzeka. Kukwakho nomngcipheko owandileyo wokuwa, usulelo, kunye nezilonda zokulala . Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko woxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokuphucula indlela umntwana azibona ngayo izinto.

Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana wam onoxinzelelo lwegazi?

Kubalulekile ukuxhasa umntwana wakho ngolu xilongo. Kungathatha ixesha elide ukuba umntwana wakho aphuhlise izakhono zakhe zokunyakaza – izinto ezifana nokubamba, ukufikelela kwizinto, kunye nokukhasa. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza ngokusondeleyo nogqirha womntwana wakho kunye nokulandela unyango olucetyiswayo kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zakhe kwaye kumncede ahlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhula efanelekileyo ngokweminyaka.Ungafikelela nakwi.

Njengoko umntwana ekhula, unokufuneka ukhathalelo lwexesha elide . Umzekelo, unyango oluqhubekayo lomzimba lunokunceda ukuphucula ukuhambahamba kwakhe njengoko ebandakanyeka ngakumbi kwihlabathi elimngqongileyo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-hypertension, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Ukuba unengxaki yokushukumisa iingalo zakho, imilenze, okanye intamo.
• Ukuba umntwana uziva eqine xa umchukumisa, nokuba uhleli nje.
• Ukuba izihlunu zakho zibonakala ngathi ziyashukuma okanye ziyashukuma ngendlela engalawulekiyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo xa ubona ugqirha:

• "Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kumayeza anikwe unyango lwemeko yomntwana?"
• "Umntwana wam kufuneka aye kangaphi kwingcali yezonyango?"
• "Ngaba kukho enye ingxaki yezonyango ebangela imeko yomntwana wam?"

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweHypotonia kunye neHypotonia?

Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini ulula. I-Hypertonia ithetha ukuba izihlunu ziqinile kakhulu . I-Hypotonia ichasene noko, xa izihlunu ziqinile kakhulu. I-Hypotonia ikwaziwa ngokuba yi -'floppy infant syndrome' . Oku kungenxa yokuba akukho kuxhathisa kwezihlunu xa umzimba womntwana ushukunyiswa, nto leyo eyenza umntwana abonakale ebuthathaka kwaye engenabomi.

Umyalezo esifuna ukuwuthatha ekhaya kweli bali ngulo

Kunokuba yinto ecaphukisayo ukubamba umntwana wakho, uzive ngathi ungumntu oqingqiweyo. Kodwa khumbula, kukho iindlela zokunyanga oku. Ngenxa yokuba i-hypertonia ithintela izihlunu zomntwana wakho ukuba zingaphumli, njengoko ekhula aze afikelele kwinqanaba lokukhula elifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe, uya kufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo kuwe nakugqirha wakho.

Ukuba nomonde ngonyango lomntwana wakho, (oluhlala luhlala ixesha elide), yinxalenye enkulu yokunceda umntwana wakho aphile nale meko ibizwa ngokuba yiHypertonia. Awuwedwa, oogqirha kunye neengcali zonyango lomzimba bakhona ukukunceda wena nomntwana wakho.

I- Hypertonia, ukuqina kwemisipha yomntwana, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, impilo yomntwana, unyango lomzimba, i-cerebral palsy, amanyathelo ophuhliso