Indlela Amava Amabi Obuntwana (ii-ACE) Achaphazela Ngayo Ubomi Bakho Bonke

Sonke sinamava amahle namabi ebuntwaneni bethu, akunjalo? Amanye amava amabi anokuchaphazela ubomi bethu nzulu kunokuba sicinga. Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba iziganeko ezibuhlungu, ingakumbi ezo sidibana nazo ebuntwaneni, zichaphazela njani impilo yethu kunye nokuziphatha kwethu njengabantu abadala? Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Adverse Childhood Experiences" okanye ii-ACEs kwezonyango. Esi sisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko masithethe ngaso ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Zithini ezi zinto zibuhlungu zobuntwana (ACEs)?

Ngamafutshane, ii-ACE ngamava abuhlungu nangalunganga ajongene nawo umntwana ophakathi kweminyaka eli-1 neli-17 ubudala.

Cinga nje, ingqondo yomntwana omncinci ifana nesiponji. Bafunxa yonke into ebangqongileyo, kumava abo. Bafunda izinto ezinje ngendlela yokutya ngecephe, indlela yokukhwela ibhayisekile, kumava abo. Xa bewa kwibhayisekile yabo, bafunda nokuba kufuneka balumke kwixesha elizayo. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umntwana kufuneka ajongane namava anzima kakhulu ukuba angakwazi ukuwalawula okanye ukuzikhusela ngokweemvakalelo okanye ngokwasemzimbeni. Umzekelo, ukulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo okanye ngokwasemzimbeni. Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba yi-ACEs. La mava anokuchaphazela ubomi bomntwana bonke. Angakhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokugula ngengqondo, ukugula ngokomzimba ixesha elide, kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi . Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ezi meko zinokulawulwa kwaye zinyangwe ubomi bonke.

Yintoni kanye kanye "i-trauma"?

Ingozi sisiganeko esibangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo okanye oluhlala ixesha elide engqondweni, okanye ngokwezonyango, "Uxinzelelo Olunobungozi." Iziganeko ezinjalo zinokuba nempembelelo enkulu emntwini emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa ujongene nesiganeko esinjalo, umntu unokuba noloyiko olukhulu, ukungabi namandla, kunye nokuziva esengozini.

Nazi ezinye zeziganeko ezibuhlungu kangaka:

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntwana emva kwento efana nale?

Emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu, umntwana angabonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukubonisa uloyiko kwabanye.
• Ukungalali okanye amaphupha amabi rhoqo.
• Ukuchama Ebhedini.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo.
• Ubunzima bokubonisa uthando novelwano kusapho okanye kubahlobo.
• Ukuphepha iindawo neemeko ezikukhumbuza ngesiganeko esibuhlungu.
• Ubunzima bokugxila kumsebenzi wesikolo.

Ezi mpawu zisenokungabonakali kwangoko emva kwesi siganeko. Zisenokubonakala emva kweentsuku okanye iiveki.

Amava obuntwana ayichaphazela njani into yokuba ngumntu omdala?

Amava abuhlungu ebuntwaneni anokuchaphazela ubomi bakho emva kweminyaka, nokuba sele umdala. Oku kunokuchaphazela impilo yakho, umgangatho wobomi, imfundo, kwanomsebenzi wakho.

Imiphumo engqondweni nasemzimbeni

Ngamafutshane, xa umntwana efumana umothuko, umzimba uphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Ngeli xesha, umzimba ukhupha iihomoni ezifana ne-`(Cortisol)` kunye ne-`(Adrenaline)` kwaye uvuselela i-`(Fight-or-Flight response)`. Oku kwandisa isantya sentliziyo kwaye kutshintsha indlela yokuphefumla. Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana.

Kodwa ukuba olu xinzelelo luyaqhubeka, oko kukuthi, ukuba imeko "yoXinzelelo olunetyhefu" iyenzeka, la mahormone ahlala ekhutshwa. Oku kuchaphazela ngqo ingqondo yomntwana ekhulayo. Ngokukodwa, iindawo zengqondo ezibizwa ngokuba yi"Hippocampus", ezinxulumene nenkumbulo, "iPrefrontal Cortex", enceda ekucingeni ngengqiqo, kunye ne-"Amygdala", elawula iimvakalelo, zinokonakala.

Cinga ngako, kanye njengokuba isityalo sifuna umhlaba olungileyo, amanzi, kunye nokukhanya kwelanga ukuze sikhule, nengqondo yomntwana idinga indawo elungileyo kunye namava amahle ukuze ikhule. Amava okwenzakala afana nokhula oluthintela oku kukhula.

Iingxaki ezinokuvela xa umntu emdala

Ii-ACE zinokubangela ezi meko zilandelayo kubantu abadala:

• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo: Ixhala, Uxinzelelo, Ingxaki Yoxinzelelo Emva Kwengozi (PTSD), Ukungalali.
• Iingxaki zempilo yomzimba: Uxinzelelo oluhlala ixesha elide olubangelwa zii-ACEs lunyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezingenakusulelana ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ubomi bomntu onamanqanaba aphezulu e-ACEs bunokuba mfutshane ngeminyaka engama-20 kunomntu ongenazo.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha: ukusebenzisa icuba, ukusebenzisa kakubi iziyobisi notywala, ukuziphatha ngokwesondo okuyingozi, iingcinga zokuzibulala okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzibulala, nceda ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo.

Ndingalufumana njani unyango kunye nenkxaso kule meko?

Le ayingongxaki ekufuneka isonjululwe yodwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana uncedo.

1. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha: Into yokuqala omawuyenze kukudibana nogqirha okanye ugqirha othembekileyo nize nithethe ngale nto. Angakubonisa indlela elungileyo.

2. Bona umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo : Unyango lwengqondo lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku. Ngokuthetha, ungafunda indlela yokulawula ezi ntlungu.

3. Ukunyanga iimeko ezifihlakeleyo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana amayeza afunekayo kunye nonyango lweemeko ezinje ngexhala, ukudakumba, okanye isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yi-ACEs.

4. Njengabazali nabagcini:

• Sebenzisa amagama anobubele xa uthetha nabantwana.
• Landela iindlela ezingenabundlobongela xa uqeqesha abantwana.
• Fundisa umntwana wakho indlela yokusombulula ingxaki.
• Yiba ngumzekelo omhle kumntwana wakho.

Ngaba ii-ACE zingathintelwa?

Nangona ezinye iziganeko ezibuhlungu (umz., iintlekele zemvelo) zingenakuthintelwa, ii-ACE ezininzi zinokuthintelwa ngokwenza indawo ejikeleze umntwana ikhuseleke kwaye ikhuliswe.

• Yenza ikhaya elikhuselekileyo nelinothando kumntwana.
• Yakha ulwalamano oluqinileyo nomntwana wakho.
• Nyamekela iimfuno zomntwana wakho zomzimba nezengqondo.
• Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile njengomzali okanye umnakekeli, funa uncedo. Impilo yakho yengqondo sesona sipho sihle onokusinika umntwana wakho.