Ngaba uhlangabezana neempawu ezingaqhelekanga ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium emzimbeni wakho? Isenokuba yi-hypoparathyroidism!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu zomzimba ezingachazekiyo? Ngaba amalungu akho omzimba ayaphelelwa ngamandla? Okanye uziva nje ngathi ulusu lwakho luyakhasa? Esinye sezizathu zezi zinto sinokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypoparathyroidism, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, nangona le yimeko engaqhelekanga, inokulawulwa ukuba iqatshelwa kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni iHypoparathyroidism?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypoparathyroidism iyenzeka xa igazi lakho livelisa i-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) encinci kakhulu okanye lingayivelisi kwaphela. Le hormone ibalulekile ekulawuleni amanqanaba e-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko ke, xa amanqanaba e-PTH yakho ephantsi, amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakho ayehla - sikubiza ngokuba yi- hypocalcemia - kwaye amanqanaba e-phosphorus egazini lakho ayenyuka.

Le meko idla ngokuba yengapheliyo , oko kuthetha ukuba inokuhlala ubomi bonke. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, inokuba ngcono okwethutyana.

Ngoko ke zithini ezi glands ze-parathyroid?

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphambili entanyeni yethu, efana nebhabhathane, kukho iGland yeThyroid. Emva kweGland yeThyroid, kukho amadlala amane, adla ngokuba makhulu njengeepizi ezincinci. La abizwa ngokuba yiParathyroid Glands . La yinxalenye yeNkqubo ye-Endocrine, evelisa iihomoni emzimbeni wethu.

Ngamanye amaxesha la madlala mane anokufunyanwa kwenye indawo entanyeni, esifubeni, okanye nangasemqaleni. La madlala abizwa ngokuba yi -ectopic parathyroid glands .

Umsebenzi ophambili wezi glands ze-parathyroid kukuvelisa i-parathyroid hormone (PTH). Le PTH yiyo egcina inqanaba le-calcium egazini lethu kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

• Ukuba i-PTH iyancipha: I-calcium egazini iyancipha (i-Hypocalcemia).
• Ukuba i-PTH iyanda: I-calcium egazini iyanda (i-Hypercalcemia).

Ayipheleli apho, kodwa le hormone ye-PTH ikwanceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba e-phosphorus kunye ne-vitamin D egazini nasemathanjeni.

Yintoni i-calcium? Yintoni eyenzayo emizimbeni yethu?

I-calcium yiminerali ebalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Ubusazi na ukuba uninzi lwe-calcium emizimbeni yethu lugcinwa emathanjeni ethu? Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kubekho inani elithile le-calcium egazini.

Makhe sijonge ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ngaphandle kwe-calcium egazini:

• Inceda inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo isebenze kakuhle .
• Inceda izihlunu ziqine kwaye ziphumle . Yiyo le nto isenza sikwazi ukushukumisa amalungu ethu nokuhamba.
• Xa sisenzakele size sophe igazi, oko kunceda ekunqandeni igazi .
• Kubalulekile ukuba intliziyo yethu isebenze kakuhle .

Ngoku uyaqonda indlela i-hypocalcemia (i-calcium ephantsi egazini) ebangelwa yi-hypoparathyroidism enokuthi ichaphazele ngayo izinto ezininzi. I-calcium ikwafuneka ukugcina amathambo eqinile. Kodwa i-hypocalcemia kukuncipha kwe-calcium egazini, kungekhona ukuncipha kwe-calcium emathanjeni.

Ngaba i-hypoparathyroidism ingabangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. I-Calcium kunye ne-Phosphorus ziintlobo ezimbini ze-electrolytes . Ii-Electrolytes ziiminerali ezine-charge yombane emizimbeni yethu kwaye zinegalelo kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Kwi-hypoparathyroidism, i-calcium egazini iyancipha kwaye i-phosphorus iyanda, nto leyo ebangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa oku.

Kukho enye into. I-Magnesium yenye i-electrolyte ebalulekileyo. Ukuba inqanaba le-magnesium egazini liyehla (i-Hypomagnesemia) , inokuba yimbangela ye-hypoparathyroidism. Kuba i-magnesium ibalulekile kwi-parathyroid glands ukuze isebenze kakuhle.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweHypoparathyroidism kunye neHyperparathyroidism?

La magama mabini afana kancinci, ngoko ke anokubhida. Kwizonyango, isimaphambili esithi "Hypo" sithetha "ngaphantsi" okanye "akwanelanga." Isimaphambili esithi "Hyper" sithetha "ngaphezulu" okanye "ngaphezulu."

• I-Hypoparathyroidism: Ii-parathyroid glands azivelisi i-parathyroid hormone (PTH) eyaneleyo, nto leyo ebangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium egazini.
• I-Hyperparathyroidism: Amadlala e-parathyroid avelisa i-PTH eninzi kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda kwe-calcium egazini.

Kulula, akunjalo?

Ngubani ofumana le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoparathyroidism?

Oku kunokwenzeka kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abancinci. Kodwa njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le yimeko engaqhelekanga .

• Kwabantu abadala: Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukonakala ngengozi kwamadlala e-parathyroid ngexesha lotyando lwentamo - umzekelo, utyando lwe-thyroid.
• Kubantwana: Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yimeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yiDiGeorge Syndrome ebantwaneni.

Kwanakwilizwe elifana neMelika, le meko kuthiwa ichaphazela abantu abangaphantsi kwamakhulu amabini amawaka. Ngoko ke kwilizwe lethu, inokuba ngaphantsi nangakumbi.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-hypoparathyroidism?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.

• Umonakalo kwi-parathyroid glands: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Malunga nama-75 ekhulwini (75%)Izigulana ziba nale meko xa amadlala esonakele ngengozi ngexesha lotyando entanyeni okanye kwi-thyroid gland. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokwenzeka kwiminyaka emva kotyando. Kodwa amaxesha amaninzi, iqala kungekudala emva kotyando. I-Hypoparathyroidism eyenzeka ngolu hlobo idla ngokuba yeyokwexeshana, kodwa kwabanye abantu inokuba yeyokusisigxina. Unyango lwemitha alunakwenzeka ukuba lonakalise la madlala.

• Iimeko zofuzo: Ngaphantsi kweshumi ekhulwini (10%) lamatyala abangelwa ziimeko zofuzo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi yiDiGeorge Syndrome . Le yimeko yofuzo ye-chromosome. Iintsana ezizelwe nale syndrome azinazo ii-parathyroid glands. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba azivelisi i-PTH, zine-hypoparathyroidism engapheliyo. Malunga nama-60% abantwana abane-hypoparathyroidism kuthiwa bane-DiGeorge Syndrome. Inokubangelwa zezinye izifo zofuzo ezinxulumene nokungeva kunye nesifo sezintso.

• Izifo Ezizikhusela Ngokwasemzimbeni: Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yethu yomzimba ihlasela ngempazamo ii-parathyroid glands. I-Type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome yenye yezifo ezinjalo. Oku kubangela i-hypoparathyroidism engapheliyo. Inokubangelwa zizifo ezibizwa ngokuba sisifo sika-Addison kunye ne-anemia eyingozi .

• Iingxaki Zokungena Kwi-Infiltrative: Kwezinye iimeko zesifo, izinto ezifana ne-iron (njengakwi-hemochromatosis) kunye ne-copper (njengakwisifo sikaWilson) zinokuqokelelana kwi-parathyroid glands. Kwakhona, ezinye ii-metastases zomhlaza zinokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezi glands, nto leyo ebangela i-hypoparathyroidism.

• Amanqanaba eMagnesium aphantsi: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-magnesium ibalulekile ukuze amadlala e-parathyroid asebenze kakuhle. Amanqanaba aphantsi e-magnesium egazini (i-hypomagnesemia) anokubangela i-hypoparathyroidism. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -functional hypoparathyroidism . Le meko idla ngokuphela xa amanqanaba e-magnesium ebuyiselwa.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-hypoparathyroidism?

Amaxesha amaninzi, le meko ikhula kancinci kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu zinokuba zingabonakali kangako. Abanye abantu abazi nokuba banale meko kangangeminyaka.

Ezi ziimpawu ezinokubonwa ngokubanzi:

• Ukurhawuzelela emilebeni, kwiinwele zeminwe, nakwiinzwane.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.Uyakhumbula ngamanye amaxesha uba neenwele emilenzeni yakho ebusuku? Izinto ezinjalo, kodwa ukuba ziyenzeka rhoqo, isenokuba luphawu lokunqongophala kwe-calcium.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha (iTetany).
• Intlungu zesisu.
• "Ingxolo yobuchopho" yimeko apho unobunzima bokugxila kwaye uzive udidekile kancinci.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia).
• Izipikili ezithambileyo.
• Iinwele ezomileyo kunye nolusu olomileyo nolunamaxolo.
• Ukuvela kwee-cataracts.
• Ubuthathaka be-enamel yamazinyo ebantwaneni.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le meko?

I-Hypoparathyroidism idla ngokukrokrelwa kwaye iqinisekiswe xa uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lomntu kunye ne-parathyroid hormone (PTH) aphantsi.

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu azicacanga kangako, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bafumanisa le meko "ngokungacwangciswanga." Oko kukuthi, baqala ukuyikhangela kuphela xa bebona i-calcium ephantsi egazini ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lwesinye isifo.

Ukuba umntu uqinisekisiwe ukuba une-PTH hormone ephantsi kunye namanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakhe kabini kwiinyanga ezintandathu, oko kuthathwa njenge -hypoparathyroidism engapheliyo .

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo olwenziwayo koku?

Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha wakho uza kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imbali yezonyango zosapho, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo.

Ukongeza, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-parathyroid hormone (PTH).
• Uvavanyo lwegazi le-calcium.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-phosphorus.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi leMagnesium.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo lweeyure ezingama-24: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-calcium ekhutshwayo kumchamo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olunye uvavanyo ukuze ajonge iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezinokubangelwa yile meko. Umzekelo:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG): Ijonga ukungahambi kakuhle kwesantya sentliziyo.
• I-computed tomography (CT) scan: Ijonga ukuba akukho calcium egciniweyo engqondweni (Brain Calcifications).

Iphathwa njani le nto?

Injongo ephambili yonyango lwe-hypoparathyroidism kukunciphisa iimpawu nokubuyisela amanqanaba e-calcium kunye nezinye iiminerali emzimbeni wakho kumanqanaba afanelekileyo.

Oku kulandelayo kungenziwa njengonyango:

• Ukubonelela ngezongezo zeCalcium Carbonate kunye neVitamin D:Abantu abaninzi abane-hypoparathyroidism kuya kufuneka bathathe iipilisi ze-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D okanye ulwelo ubomi babo bonke. Olu lolona nyango luphambili noluqalayo lwesi sifo. I-Vitamin D ibalulekile kwimizimba yethu ukuze ifunxe i-calcium ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoko ke ukuba une-hypoparathyroidism, kuya kufuneka uthathe zombini ezi zongezo.
• Ukutya okune-calcium eninzi kunye ne-phosphorus ephantsi: Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba utye ukutya okuninzi okune-calcium eninzi (ubisi, itshizi, iyogathi, imifuno eluhlaza) kwaye unciphise ukutya okune-phosphorus eninzi (inyama elungisiweyo, iziselo ezifana ne-cola). Nangona kunjalo, kuba kunzima ukufumana i-calcium eyaneleyo ekutyeni kuphela, ukuthatha izongezo kunokufuneka.
• Iinaliti ze-parathyroid hormone (PTH): Ukuba izongezo ze-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D zodwa aziyilawuli imeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akunike iinaliti ze-parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ubungakanani bevithamini D kunye necalcium enikwa njengonyango buphezulu kakhulu, inqanaba lecalcium egazini linokuba phezulu kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -hypercalcemia . Oku kuyingozi nasemzimbeni. Ke ngoko, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle na kwaye inqanaba lakho lecalcium lichanekile.

Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuba nohlobo lomhlaza wamathambo olubizwa ngokuba yi -osteosarcoma ngokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kweenaliti ze-parathyroid hormone (PTH). Ke ngoko, oogqirha bacebisa olu tyando kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumelelanga.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wale meko?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko we-hypoparathyroidism:

• Ekubeni ndisandula utyando lwentamo okanye lwe-thyroid.
• Imbali yosapho yezifo ze-parathyroid gland.
• Ukuba nezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-endocrine, njengesifo sika-Addison.

Ithini ingxelo yokubikezela ukuba le meko iza kwenzeka?

Ithemba lokuba i-hypoparathyroidism inokuba ntle ngokubanzi, ingakumbi ukuba imeko iqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye kuqaliswe unyango olufanelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le meko ibangela izinto ezifana ne-cataracts, i-brain calcifications, kunye notshintsho lwamazinyo, kunzima ukuzibuyisela umva. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuyibona kwangethuba.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Uninzi lwexesha, i-hypoparathyroidism yimeko engapheliyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ihlala ubomi bonke. Nangona kunjalo, i-hypoparathyroidism inokuba yesikhashana ngenxa yezizathu ezithile (umz., ukungabikho kwe-magnesium, okwethutyana emva kotyando).

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela koku?

Ukuba i-hypoparathyroidism ayinyangwa kakuhle, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zexesha elide zinokuvela:

• Iingxaki zokusebenza kwezintso.
• Amatye ezintso.
• IiCataracts.
• Iidiphozithi zecalcium kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho.

Le meko, ingakumbi ebantwaneni, inokubangela iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Ukukhula okungekuhle.
• Iingxaki zamazinyo.
• Uphuhliso olucothayo lwengqondo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuba ukuba inqanaba le-calcium egazini liyehla ngequbuliso nangokuqatha (i-Acute Hypocalcemia), ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokuxhuzula kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla ngenxa yokuqaqamba kwe-laryngeal . Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu (umz., ukuxhuzula okukhulu kwemisipha, ukuxhuzula), kufuneka uye esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

• Ukuba uneempawu ocinga ukuba zinokuba yi-hypoparathyroidism, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
• Ukuba sele ufunyenwe une-hypoparathyroidism, kufuneka uhlolwe amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakho rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana unyango oluchanekileyo.
• Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-acute hypocalcemia, ezinje ngokuxhuzula kwemisipha okanye ukuxhuzula ngequbuliso , yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Hypoparathyroidism yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa iyanyangeka kwaye iyalawuleka . Iimpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzima ukuzibona. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na into ebangela esi sifo (umzekelo, ukuba usandul' utyando lwentamo okanye ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo se-parathyroid).

Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula olumbalwa lunokujonga amanqanaba e-parathyroid hormone (PTH) kunye ne-calcium yakho. Ukuba uyibona kwangethuba le meko, ungaqala unyango olufanelekileyo, uthintele iingxaki, kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki, kodwa qaphela oku. Ukuba unenkxalabo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

I- Hypoparathyroidism, i-Hypoparathyroidism, ii-Parathyroid glands, i-Parathyroid hormone, i-PTH, i-Calcium, i-Hypocalcemia, i-Phosphorus, i-Vitamin D, ii-Electrolytes, iimpawu, unyango