Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci ebeziva ediniwe kakhulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo? Ngaba uziva ediniwe emva kwesikolo? Ngaba unesifo somqala kunye nomkhuhlane? Ngamaxesha anje, sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto eyahlukileyo kancinci. Namhlanje sithetha 'ngeSifo sokuqabulana', okanye ngokwezonyango, iMononucleosis , abantu abaninzi abaye beva ngayo kodwa abayazi kakuhle. Musa ukukhathazeka, esi asisosifo sinzima, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele.
Yintoni iMononucleosis okanye 'iSifo sokuqabulana'?
Ngamafutshane, iMononucleosis sisifo esosulelayo. Sidla ngokubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) . Sibizwa ngokuba yi-'Kissing Disease' kuba intsholongwane idluliselwa ngokulula ngamathe. Ingasasazeka ngokumanga umntu, ukwabelana ngeeglasi zokusela , iikomityi kunye nezixhobo zokutya.
Nangona esi sisifo esisulelayo, asisuleli njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kusifumana ngokuba kufutshane nomntu onaso.
I-Mononucleosis ingakwenza uzive udiniwe kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku. Idla ngokuchaphazela abantu abaselula, ingakumbi abo basesikolweni naseyunivesithi.
Ngaba oku kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-EBV kuphela?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, malunga ne-90% yamatyala, unobangela yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Nangona ikwintsapho yeentsholongwane ze- herpes, yahlukile kwi-virus ebangela i-herpes yesini. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ezinye iintsholongwane nazo zinokubangela ezi mpawu. Umzekelo, iintsholongwane ezifana ne-`(Cytomegalovirus – CMV)` nazo zinokubangela oku.
Siyifumana njani le sifo?
Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, isasazeka kakhulu ngamathe . Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Kissing Disease'. Ngaphandle koko,
- Ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifana neekomityi, iipleyiti, kunye neepuni ezisetyenzisiweyo sisigulana.
- Amaxesha amaninzi, ngamathontsi aphuma xa isigulane sikhwehlela okanye sithimla.
- Kwakhona akunakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba isifo sidluliselwe ngeendlela zonyango ezifana notofelo-gazi okanye ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba.
- Kwaye kwakhona isidoda), ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha inokuthathwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STD), kodwa indlela ephambili kukudlula kumathe.
Kubalulekile: Abanye abantu banokuba nentsholongwane ye-EBV emizimbeni yabo ubomi babo bonke ngaphandle kweempawu. Nokuba ababonisi zimpawu, basenokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye.
Ixesha elingakanani esi sifo sisasazekayo?
Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni kwaye kubonakale iimpawu. Ngeli xesha, usenokosulela omnye umntu. Ngokuqinisekileyo uyasulela ngelixa uneempawu. Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba unokosulela omnye umntu kangangeenyanga ezininzi nangona iimpawu zakho ziphelile.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili zesi sifo?
Iimpawu ze-mononucleosis zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuba nesi sifo ngaphandle kweempawu kwaphela. Kodwa makhe sijonge ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | Iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa kakhulu – Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ulele imini yonke. | Ukukhwehlela |
| Umkhuhlane kunye nobushushu bomzimba | Iintlungu zesifuba |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu – uvakala ngathi inaliti inamathele emqaleni. Iitoni zingadumba kwaye zibonakale zimhlophe. | Ubunzima bokuphefumla |
| Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo – ingakumbi entanyeni, emakhwapheni, nasemqolo. | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Intlungu yemisipha kunye namalungu | Ukubetha kwentliziyo |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu (i-Jaundice) |
| Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba okubomvu | Ukopha empumlweni |
Kwabaninzi abantu, ezi mpawu ziyaphucuka kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 , kodwa kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi ukudinwa kakhulu, zinokuhlala iinyanga.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, uza kuhlola umzimba wakho. Ingakumbi,
- Jonga ukuba iitoni ezisemqaleni zidumbile okanye zimhlophe na.
- Jonga intamo kunye namakhwapha ukuba azidumbanga na.
- Isisu siyaphathwa ngesandla ukuze kuhlolwe ukudumba kwepleen okanye isibindi.
Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba oku kusenokuba yi-mononucleosis ngokusekelwe kwezi mpawu, uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi zegazi ukuqinisekisa oko.
1. Ubalo lweGazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Oku kujonga inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini kunye nokuba azinazo na iingxaki.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody: Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-EBV virus.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zesi sifo?
Nangona esi sisifo esiyingozi, iingxaki ezinkulu azifane zenzeke, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.
- I-spleen Ekhulisiweyo Neyaphukileyo: Le yeyona ngxaki inzima ye-mononucleosis. I-spleen sisitho esikwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lesisu sethu. Inokudumba kwesi sifo. Xa idumbile, ingaqhuma ukuba ubetha isisu sakho ngamandla, uphakamise into enzima, okanye udlala imidlalo.
Ingxamiseko! Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana intlungu ebukhali, ehlabayo kwicala lasekhohlo eliphezulu lesisu sakho, oko kungaba luphawu lokuba ulusu luqhekekile. Yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza. Oku kusenokufuna utyando.
- Iingxaki zesibindi: Iimeko ezinje ngokudumba kwesibindi (iHepatitis) okanye ukutyheli kwamehlo (iJaundice) zinokubakho.
- Iingxaki zegazi:Iimeko ezinje ngokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi (i-hemolytic anemia) okanye ukwehla kweeplatelets (thrombocytopenia), ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi.
- Iingxaki zentliziyo: Iimeko ezinje ngokudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo (myocarditis).
- Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokudumba kwengqondo (encephalitis) okanye ukudumba kwee-membrane ezigquma ingqondo (meningitis) zinokwenzeka.
Umntu omzimba wakhe ubuthathaka ngenxa yesifo esifana ne-HIV/AIDS okanye esinye isizathu usengozini enkulu yokufumana ezi ngxaki.
Iphathwa njani?
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. Akukho nyango okanye amayeza athile e-mononucleosis. Ekubeni ilusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayi kunceda. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu nokunceda umzimba ukuba uziphilise.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Olu lolona nyango lubalulekileyo nolungcono . Musa ukulinda ude uzive udiniwe, phumla kangangoko unako.
- Sela ulwelo oluninzi: Sela ulwelo oluninzi olufana namanzi, isuphu, kunye nejusi yeziqhamo ukuze umzimba wakho ungaphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Xa umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, ungathatha amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu afana neparacetamol, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.
- Hlamba ngamanzi anetyuwa: Ncibilikisa ithisipuni yetyuwa kwiglasi yamanzi afudumeleyo uze uhlambe ngaloo manzi ukuze uthomalalise umphimbo obuhlungu.
- Xa umphimbo uvuvukile: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iitoni emqaleni zivuvukile kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla, ugqirha unokukunika i-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukudumba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mononucleosis, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-'Kissing Disease', sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-EBV. Idluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukudinwa kakhulu, umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu, umkhuhlane, kunye nokudumba kwamadlala entanyeni.
- Akukho nyango lukhethekileyo loku. Ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo lolona nyango lubalaseleyo.
- Ziphephe ezemidlalo, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, kunye nemisebenzi enzima ngokupheleleyo de isifo siphele kwaye ugqirha wakho akunike imvume. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela i-spleen yakho.
- Musa utywala ngokupheleleyo xa ugula. Bunokonakalisa isibindi.
- Ukuba ngequbuliso uva iintlungu eziqatha kwisisu esingaphezulu ngasekhohlo, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike uxilongo olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso.
I-Mononucleosis, Isifo sokuqabulana, i-EBV, intsholongwane ka-Epstein-Barr, umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, izifo ezosulelayo
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