Masifunde ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele: I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)?

Ubusazi na ukuba umhlaza webele uxhaphake kakhulu kubafazi? Phakathi kwabo, kukho uhlobo oluxhaphakileyo, oluchaphazela malunga nesibhozo kwabalishumi abafazi abafumana umhlaza webele. Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Oogqirha bayibiza le invasive ductal carcinoma, okanye i-IDC ngamafutshane. Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza webele olunokuvela kungekuphela nje kubafazi, kodwa nakumadoda. Kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha ngakumbi ngendlela le meko echaphazela ngayo abasetyhini.

Ngoko ke yintoni i-invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)?

Ngamafutshane, olu hlobo lomhlaza, olubizwa ngokuba yi-IDC, luqala kwiiseli ezingaphakathi kwimibhobho yobisi emabeleni akho. Lufana nesityalo esincinci esikhulayo. Igama elithi "invasive" lithetha "ukuhlasela." Oko kuthetha ukuba ezi seli zomhlaza azikho ngaphakathi kwimibhobho yobisi kuphela, kodwa ziqala nokusasazeka kuzo ziye kwizicubu zebele ezijikelezileyo. Cinga ngazo njengeengcambu ezincinci ezijikelezayo. Ukusuka apho, zinokusasazeka ngakumbi , ziye egazini okanye kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic , kwaye nakwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.

Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bayibiza ngokuba yi-"Ductal Carcinoma" okanye "Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma". Nokuba ligama lini na, imeko iyafana. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, ukuba lo mhlaza ufunyenwe ngaphambi kokuba usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo . Yiyo loo nto sisoloko sithetha ngovavanyo lwamabele.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-IDC?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-IDC. Ezi zahlulwe ngokwemeko ye-hormone receptor yeeseli zomhlaza. Ii-receptors ziimolekyuli zeproteni ezifumaneka ngaphakathi okanye kumphezulu weeseli. Ezi zinokubamba izinto ezithile egazini, ezifana neehomoni ezifana ne -estrogen kunye ne -progesterone . Ezi homoni zinceda ezinye iiseli zomhlaza zikhule. Ngoko ke, ngokwazi ukuba umhlaza unazo na ezi hormone receptors okanye akunjalo, oogqirha banokugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olusebenzayo.

Iintlobo eziphambili ze-IDC ezibonwayo zezi:

• Umhlaza webele one-triple-negative : Olu hlobo alunazo ii-receptors ze-estrogen okanye ze-progesterone, kwaye alunazo neproteni ye-HER2.
• Umhlaza webele one-HER2 (HER2+) : Ezi seli zomhlaza zivelisa iproteni eninzi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-HER2.
• Umhlaza webele one-ER-positive (ER+) : Ezi zinovelwano kwi-hormone ye-estrogen.
• Umhlaza webele one-PR (PR+) : Ezi zinovelwano kwi-hormone ye-progesterone.

Zithini iimpawu ze-IDC? Sizibona njani?

Rhoqo, ngaphambi kokuba ube nazo naziphi na iimpawu,I-IDC inokubonwa nge-mammogram ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto ezi mvavanyo zibalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuvela. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, qaphela oku kulandelayo:

• Utshintsho kubungakanani, imo, okanye ukwakheka kwebele .
• Ukuziva iqhuma okanye ukukhula esifubeni okanye ekhwapheni . Oku kusenokuba kuncinci njenge-pea. Eli qhuma lisenokungabikho kuyo yonke imijikelo yakho yokuya exesheni yenyanga.
• Utshintsho kwinkangeleko okanye ubume besikhumba sebele okanye ingono. Ulusu lusenokubonakala lutshonile, lushwabene, lunemingxuma, okanye lubomvu kwaye ludumbile.
• Ukuziva indawo eqinileyo phantsi kolusu, njengemabula .
• Ulwelo olunegazi okanye olucacileyo oluphuma kwingono .

Ukuba ubona into efana nale, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungaphakuzeli uye kugqirha .

Kutheni le nto i-IDC isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Iingcali azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela oku. Nangona kunjalo, zikholelwa ukuba imikhwa ethile kunye namava anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-IDC. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni na:

• Ukutshaya.
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu.
• Ekubeni sele ndifumene unyango lwe-radiation kwindawo yesifuba ngaphambili.
• Ukuqala komjikelo wokuya exesheni ngaphambi okanye emva kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba nabantwana emva kwexesha.

Ukongeza, ezinye iinguqu zemfuza ezizuzwe njengelifa zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-IDC. Oko kukuthi, ezinye iimfuza ezingaqhelekanga ozizuza kubazali bakho.

Ngaba le meko ingabangela ezinye iingxaki?

Ewe, umhlaza we-IDC unokusasazeka (ukwandisa i-metastasize) uye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Usenokusasazeka ngakumbi kwizitho ezifana nesibindi , imiphunga , amathambo kunye nengqondo . Yiyo loo nto ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango kubalulekile.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-IDC?

Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba . Baza kujonga amaqhuma emabeleni akho kunye nee-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo emakhwapheni akho. Emva koko, banokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwe-MRI yamabele.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound yamabele.
• I-biopsy yebele. Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo erhanelekayo uze ulihlolisise nge-microscope. Oku kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba lingumhlaza okanye akunjalo.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi mvavanyo, ugqirha wezifo zomhlazaKwaye iqela lakhe liza kukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Liza kukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza .

Zithini "iiNqanaba" ze-IDC?

Inqanaba lomhlaza limiselwa zizinto ezifana nendawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba. Kukho izigaba ezintlanu eziphambili ze-IDC:

• Inqanaba 0: Umhlaza uphelela kwimibhobho yobisi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-noninvasive ductal carcinoma in situ . Oku kuthetha ukuba awukangeni.
• Inqanaba loku-1 (1): Umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwemibhobho yobisi uye kwizicubu zebele, kodwa awusasazekanga ukuya kwi-lymph nodes. Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza usenokuba kwi-lymph nodes kodwa ungabi kwizicubu zebele ezijikelezileyo.
• Inqanaba lesiBini (2): Unethumba elincinci elisasazeke ukuya kwi-lymph nodes enye ukuya kwezintathu. Okanye, unesithumba esikhulu esingasasazekiyo kwi-lymph nodes.
• Inqanaba lesi-3 (3): Umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezingaphezulu kwezintathu ze-lymph nodes. Umhlaza obangela ukudumba kolusu lwebele nawo uwela kweli nqanaba.
• Inqanaba lesi-4 (4): Umhlaza we-IDC usasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba, njengesibindi, imiphunga, ubuchopho, okanye udonga lwesifuba. Usenokuba usasazeke nasemathanjeni okanye kwii-lymph nodes kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-metastatic .

Zithini "iigreyidi" kwi-IDC?

Udidi lweeseli zomhlaza lumiselwa kukuba zifana okanye zahluke kangakanani kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu. Olu didi lwenziwa ziingcali zonyango . Zihlola iindawo ezintathu zeseli kwaye zinike inxalenye nganye inqanaba. Ngamanye amaxesha, amagama athi "ahlulwe kakuhle," "ahlulwe ngokuphakathi," okanye "ahlulwe kakubi" asetyenziswa endaweni yenani. Amanqanaba amathathu aphambili ngala:

• Ibanga 1 (lahlulwe kakuhle): Iiseli zomhlaza zikhula kancinci kwaye zifana kakhulu neeseli zebele eziqhelekileyo.
• Ibanga lesi-2 (ezahlulwe ngokulinganisela): Iiseli zikhula ngokukhawuleza kunebanga loku-1 kwaye zifana neeseli zomhlaza ngaphezu kweeseli eziqhelekileyo.
• Ibanga lesi-3 (azahlulwanga kakuhle): Iiseli zahlukile kakhulu kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba zikhule kwaye zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kunebanga loku-1 nelesi-2.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-IDC?

Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, inqanaba lomhlaza, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Unyango lwe-IDC lungabandakanya:

• Utyando lomhlaza webele: Ukuba kwenziwe utyando, lusenokuba yi-lumpectomy (ukususwa kweqhubu kuphela) okanye i-mastectomy (ukususwa kwebele lonke) . Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele kungenziwa emva kotyando.Ungayenza.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Unyango lweKhemotherapy lunokunikwa ngaphambi kotyando ukuze kuncitshiswe ithumba okanye kubulawe naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando. Kwimeko apho umhlaza usasazeke khona (iSigaba sesi-4 - i-metastatic), olu lunyango oluphambili.
• Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lunokunikwa emva kotyando ukuze kubulawe naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Olu lukhetho ukuba utyando alunakwenzeka ngenxa yobukhulu okanye indawo yethumba.
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo: Olu nyango lomhlaza lujolise kutshintsho lwemfuza oluguqula iiseli eziphilileyo zibe ziiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lweehomoni: Iiseli zomhlaza zifuna iihomoni ukuze zikhule kwaye zande. Unyango lweehomoni lusebenza ngokuvala loo mvume.
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Oku kunceda inkqubo yakho yomzimba ifumane kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugqiba ngonyango olulungele wena, ngoko ke vuleka kwaye uthembeke kubo ngayo yonke into.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ewe, njengazo zonke iindlela zonyango, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba utyando, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba neentlungu emva kotyando. Oogqirha banokudibanisa ezinye iindlela zonyango notyando. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ze-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation ziquka ukudinwa , isicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza .

Unyango olujoliswe kulo kunye nonyango lwe-immunotherapy lunokubangela iingxaki zesisu, njengokuqunjelwa kunye norhudo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-hormone zinokubandakanya ubushushu , iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nokuncipha komnqweno wesondo .

Wonke umntu usabela ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunyango. Ukuba ufumana unyango, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba luza kukuchaphazela njani wena nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Kwakhona, buza ngonyango oluthomalalisa iintlungu . Unyango oluthomalalisa iintlungu lukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zomhlaza webele kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango, lukunceda ukuba ukhululeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ngaba i-IDC ingathintelwa?

Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-IDC:

• Fumana ii-mammograms ngexesha. Ukuba ungumfazi kwaye unembali yosapho lwakho yomhlaza webele, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka uqale na ukufumana ii-mammograms kwangethuba kunezinye.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okukunceda ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Nciphisa ukusela utywala kube yisiselo esinye ngosuku., okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo olunokukunceda ubone ukuba ngaba uneziguquguquko zemfuza ezandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza webele.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani nomhlaza webele oqatha?

Amanani okusinda kolu hlobo lomhlaza aqikelelwa ngokusekelwe kumava abantu abaye baba nesi sifo. Imibutho efana neNational Cancer Institute iqokelela olu lwazi ngokusekelwe kubungakanani bokusasazeka kwe-IDC (yasekuhlaleni, yengingqi, ekude).

Nangona kunjalo, xa ucinga ngezi zibalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi ziingqikelelo nje ezisekelwe kumava abanye abantu. Umhlaza uchaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo ethile malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho. Uyayazi imeko yakho ngcono, ukuze akunike ulwazi olungcono.

Ukuba ndine-IDC, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuhlala ne-IDC akulula. Ngezinye iintsuku, kunokuvakala ngathi ngumthwalo onzima. Cinga ngala macebiso okukunceda uzinyamekele ngexesha lokuxilongwa kwakho kunye nonyango:

• Phumla ngokwaneleyo. I-IDC kunye nonyango zinokukwenza uzive udiniwe kakhulu. Khumbula ukuphumla kungekuphela nje xa unako, kodwa naxa kufuneka.
• Yitya kakuhle. Unyango lunokunciphisa umnqweno wakho wokutya. Ukutya okutyebileyo kwiziqhamo, imifuno, iiproteni ezingenamafutha, kunye neenkozo ezisempilweni kuya kukunceda uhlale unamandla ngexesha lonyango.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho. Umhlaza ubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu. Izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga okulula njengokuhamba rhoqo ukuya kwiinkqubo zokuzilolonga ezikhethekileyo zinokunceda.
• Fumana inkxaso. Ubusoloko usindile kumhlaza webele ukusukela ngomhla owafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeenkqubo zokusinda kumhlaza ezinokukunceda ulawule imingeni yokuphila ne-IDC.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu ezibonisa ukuba i-IDC isasazeke ukusuka kwimibhobho yobisi ukuya kwizicubu zebele, ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Iimpawu ze-IDC esasazekayo zingabandakanya:

• Amaqhuma amatsha esifubeni.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo ekhwapheni.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla).
• Intlungu yamathambo.
• Intlungu yesisu.
• Ukudideka.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ufumana unyango kwaye uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka. Kwakhona, kufunekaUkuba unengqele, okanye umkhuhlane ongama-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) okanye ngaphezulu , oko kungaba luphawu losulelo kwaye kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukubuza imibuzo ukuze uqonde imeko yakho yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo onokuzenza ukuze unyamekele impilo yakho. Gcina le mibuzo engqondweni xa ubuza nge-IDC:

• Iphi ithumba?
• Ingakanani ithumba?
• Injani imeko yehomoni yethumba?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Unyango luza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
• Zithini iingqikelelo zezinga lokusinda?

Loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza webele oluhlaselayo kakhulu?

Uhlobo lomhlaza webele oluhlasela kakhulu ngumhlaza webele osasazekayo , oko kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ukusuka kwizicubu zebele ukuya kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.

Yintoni i-triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma?

Malunga ne-15% yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele azinazo ii-receptors ze-estrogen okanye ze-progesterone. Azinazo nee-receptors ze-estrogen okanye ze-progesterone. Azinazo neeproteni ezininzi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-HER2. I-Triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma ikhula kwaye isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele. Unyango oluphambili lolu hlobo lomhlaza wamabele yi-chemotherapy. Ezinye izigulana zifumana i-chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba ufumana umhlaza webele, kukho amathuba asibhozo kwishumi okuba uza kuba yi -invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) . Oku kuqala kwimibhobho yobisi ebeleni. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngenxa yokuhlolwa komhlaza webele, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabasetyhini bafunyanwa bene-IDC ngaphambi kokuba isasazeke. Ngenxa yokufunyaniswa kwangoko, oogqirha badla ngokunyanga i-IDC engasasazekanga. Yiyo loo nto ukuhlolwa komhlaza webele kubaluleke kangaka.

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nokuphuhlisa i-IDC, thetha nogqirha. Baza kuvavanya imeko yakho baze bakucebise ngamanyathelo alandelayo afanelekileyo kuwe. Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu. Ukwenza ngokukhawuleza kunokusindisa ubomi bakho.

I- IDC, umhlaza webele, i-invasive ductal carcinoma, iimpawu zomhlaza webele, unyango lomhlaza, i-mammogram, impilo yabasetyhini