Kuqhelekile ukufinya amehlo ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba ufumanisa ukuba icala elinye lobuso bakho, njengeliso lakho, isidlele, okanye imilebe, liyaxhuzula ngokungalawulekiyo, yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele. Esi simo saziwa ngokwezonyango njengeHemifacial Spasm. Nangona kunokuba ngamava akhathazayo, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo olufumanekayo ngoko akukho nto kufuneka uyixhalabele. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHemifacial Spasm?
I-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukuba izihlunu kwelinye icala lobuso bakho zixhuzule ngokuphindaphindiweyo nangokungalawulekiyo. Oku kunokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Igama elithi "Hemifacial" lithetha "isiqingatha sobuso."
- Igama elithi "spasm" lithetha "ukushukuma kwemisipha."
Le meko idla ngokuxhaphaka kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala. Kwakhona, abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba nale meko kunamadoda.
Oku kungabizwa ngokuba yingxaki yokunyakaza eyenzeka kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba wethu.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-hemifacial spasm?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale nto, kuxhomekeke kwindlela iimpawu eziqhubeka ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
1. I-Primary Hemifacial Spasm: Kolu hlobo lwe-spasm, ukuxhuzula kuqala kwimisipha ejikeleze amehlo. Kancinci kancinci, kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka, kusasazeka ukuya kwinxalenye esezantsi yobuso.
2. I-Secondary Hemifacial Spasm: Kolu hlobo, ukushukuma kweendawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zobuso kuqala phantse ngaxeshanye. Ekuqaleni, kuyafika kudlule, kodwa kamva kunokuba yinto engaguqukiyo.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Uphawu oluphambili kukushukuma okungalawulekiyo kwemisipha kwicala elinye lobuso bakho. Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kwicala lasekhohlo kunasekunene. Akuqhelekanga ukuba kuchaphazele amacala omabini obuso.
Nantsi indlela iimpawu eziqala ngayo kwaye ziqhubeka ngayo:
- Iqala ngokuqhwanyaza kweliso. Oku kuyafika kudlule.
- Emva kwexesha elithile, iliso lisenokuzivalela lodwa .
- Okulandelayo, ungaziva ngathi amashiya akho akhula ngokwendalo .
- Kamva, izihlunu ezikwicala elingaphantsi lobuso nazo ziqala ukuqina. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umlomo utsale uye kwelinye icala .
- Ekugqibeleni, izihlunu kwicala lonke lobuso zinokolulwa ngonaphakade.
Ezi ntlungu azihlali zibuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba buhlungu kakhulu kwaye zibe neentloni xa usesidlangalaleni. Uxinzelelo, ukudinwa, ukutya, kunye nexhala nazo zinokubangela ezo ntlungu.Ezi mpawu zinokuba mandundu ngamaxesha anje. Abanye abantu bafumana ezi ntlungu nangona belele , nto leyo enokuphazamisa ubuthongo.
Ezinye iimpawu
Abanye abantu banokufumana ezinye izinto ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili.
- Ukuva isandi "esichukumisayo" endlebeni
- Intlungu yendlebe
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva (ingakumbi okwesibini)
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Eyona nto ibangela ukuxinana kwe-hemifacial yingcinezelo ende kwi-facial nerve (i-seventh cranial nerve), eyi-nerve enkulu elawula iintshukumo zobuso.
Khawucinge ukuba bekuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umthambo wegazi ohamba ecaleni kwale mthambo iphambili elawula iintshukumo zobuso bethu ubunokucinezelwa? Kufana nelitye eliwela kumbhobho wamanzi. Emva koko imiqondiso evela kuloo mthambo iya kuphazamiseka. Isigqubuthelo sokukhusela semithambo-luvo (i-'myelin sheath`) siya konakala. Ngenxa yezi miqondiso ziphazamisekileyo, izihlunu ziya kuqala ukushukuma ngokungazikhetheli.
Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuqaqamba kwemisipha ye-hemifacial .
I-Secondary Hemifacial Spasm ibangelwa luxinzelelo kwi-facial nerve ngenxa yesinye isifo okanye unobangela. Ezinye zezizathu ziquka:
- Ukwenzakala kufutshane nomthambo wobuso
- Iimeko ezifana ne -Bell's palsy
- Ukonakala kwengqondo ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne -multiple sclerosis okanye i-stroke
- Iingxaki zemithambo yegazi engqondweni, umzekelo 'ii-aneurysms zobuchopho'
- Usulelo lwendlebe olufana ne-otitis media
- Iithumba ezikhula kwi-parotid gland, nokuba zinomhlaza okanye azinamhlaza
- Iingxaki zesakhiwo kwinxalenye esezantsi yekhakayi
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha uza kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni aze akuhlole ngemithambo-luvo.
Emva koko, kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI scan ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye izifo ezinzulu ezibangela iimpawu kunye nokufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo we-hemifacial spasm. Kuhlobo lokuqala, umthambo wegazi ocinezela imithambo-luvo unokufumaneka kwi-MRI.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokufana nezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-'blepharospasm' (imeko apho iinkophe kuphela zixhuzula khona) okanye 'i-complex partial motor seizures' (uhlobo lwe-epilepsy). Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha unokwenza uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-EMG (i-Electromyography) ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kunye nokuqina kokuxhuzula kobuso. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | Izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele |
|---|---|---|
| Iinaliti zeBotulinum toxin (Botox®) | Olu lolona nyango lokuqala olusetyenziswa kakhulu. Olu tyando lusebenza ngokuthambisa okwethutyana nokuthomalalisa izihlunu ezixhuzulayo. | Olu gonyo ludla ngokunikwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-4 . Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexeshana ezifana nokungakhululeki kwamehlo kunye nokugoba kwamehlo zinokwenzeka. |
| Amayeza omlomo | Olu khetho lufumaneka kwabo bangafuni ukugonywa okanye utyando. Amayeza afana namayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula (i-carbamazepine, i-gabapentin) kunye ne-muscle relaxants (i-baclofen) asetyenziselwa le njongo. | Ezi azisebenzi kuye wonke umntu, kwaye zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokozela nokudinwa. |
| Utyando | Le yeyona ndlela isisigxina yokusombulula le meko. Olu tyando, olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Microvascular decompression," lubandakanya ukususa umthambo wegazi ocinezela umthambo kunye nokufaka umqamelo omncinci phakathi kwawo. | Oku kucetyiswa kuphela kubantu abaneemeko ezinzima kwaye abo i-Botox ingakhange iphumelele kubo. Kukho iingozi ezithile ezinxulumene notyando (umz., ukulahlekelwa kukuva, umonakalo wemithambo-luvo yobuso). |
Ngaba i-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko eyingozi?
I-hemifacial spasm ngokwayo ayisiyongozi ngokwasemzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yezonyango ebangela oku iyingozi.(umz. ithumba lobuchopho) linokuba yingozi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu.
Ukongeza, le meko inokuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Iingxaki zengqondo ezifana noxinzelelo lwentlalo, ixhala, kunye nokudakumba
- Iingozi ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yokuvalwa kwamehlo okuzenzekelayo, njengaxa uqhuba imoto
Ngoko ke, ukuba uqala ukuba nokuxhuzula kobuso, musa ukukubetha ngoyaba ucinge, ‘Oku kusenokuba yinto nje.’ Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha uze ufumane unobangela.
Le meko ayisoloko ingcono ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwaxelwa ukuba iphela ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-10% yamatyala. Akukaziwa ukuba oku kwenzeka njani kanye kanye.
I-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko ecaphukisayo kakhulu ephazamisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ayisiyonto ilungileyo ukuziva ngathi awukwazi ukulawula umzimba wakho. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu. Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba elinye icala lobuso bakho lihlala liqhaqhazela, kwaye kubonakala ngathi liya lisiba mandundu, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha. Angakuhlola, afumane unobangela, aze akunike isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hemifacial Spasm yimeko yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukuba ube nemisipha engalawulekiyo kwelinye icala lobuso bakho.
- Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukucinezelwa komthambo wegazi kumthambo wobuso, kodwa kunokubangelwa nazezinye iimeko zempilo.
- Nangona oku kungenabuhlungu, kunokuba yingozi enkulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Uxinzelelo lunokwenza iimpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
- Inaliti zeBotox ziyindlela yonyango esebenzayo kakhulu nesetyenziswa kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando lukwayindlela ehlala ihleli.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuzityeshela kwaye ufumane ukuxilongwa nonyango olufanelekileyo.
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