Sonke sikhe seva abantu besithi, "Ndifuna ukukunika i-saline," "Ndifuna ukukunika i-glucose," xa umntu egula, ehlanza okanye erhuda, okanye emva kotyando olukhulu. Abanye abantu bade bathi ikunika amandla. Ngoko ke zeziphi kanye kanye ezi zinto zinikwa umzimba ngomthambo, okanye oko bakubiza ngokuba zii-IV fluids ngokwezonyango? Kutheni zinikwa? Ingaba zikhuselekile? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Kutheni sifuna ii-IV Fluids (ii-salines)?
Ngamafutshane, ulwelo lwe-IV luyadingeka xa ubungakanani bamanzi emzimbeni wethu buphantsi kakhulu, oko kukuthi, xa siphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni . Cinga ngayo njengenjini yemoto. Njengokuba injini ifuna amanzi neoyile ukuze isebenze kakuhle, amanzi abalulekile kwiseli nganye kunye namalungu omzimba wethu ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Enyanisweni, ama-60% omzimba wethu enziwe ngamanzi. Ngoko ke xa olu nani lwamanzi luncipha, ukusebenza komzimba wonke kunokuphazamiseka.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ungahlangabezana nale mfuneko yamanzi ngokusela amanzi ngomlomo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umzimba uba buthathaka kakhulu ukuba ungasela ulwelo ngomlomo, okanye ubungakanani bolwelo oluphuma emzimbeni bukhulu kakhulu kunobungakanani obuthathwa ngomlomo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, olu lwelo kufuneka lufakwe ngqo egazini ngomthambo.
Zeziphi ezi meko?
- Izifo: Ukuba uhlanza kakhulu okanye urhudo , ulwelo oluninzi luyaphuma emzimbeni wakho. Ngamaxesha anje, nokuba usela amanzi ngomlomo wakho, asenokungahlali emzimbeni wakho aze aphume kwakhona.
- Ukuzilolonga kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo: Xa ubila kakhulu emva kokudlala elangeni okanye ukusebenza nzima, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngamanzi kunye neetyuwa. Ukuba awuseli manzi aneleyo ngelo xesha, unokuba manzi emzimbeni.
- Ukulimala okanye ukutsha okukhulu: Ingozi enkulu, ukwenzakala, okanye ukutsha kwesikhumba kunokubangela ukuba ulwelo oluninzi luphume emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza.
- Utyando: Ngaphambi nasemva kotyando olukhulu, ulwelo lwe-IV lunikwa ukugcina amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni kuba uphantsi kwe-anesthesia kwaye usenokungakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezibakho xa umzimba ulahlekelwa ngamanzi (ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni)?
Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni akuthethi nje ukuba unxaniwe. Kunokuchaphazela izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukungalingani kweeminerali: Iiminerali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-electrolytes, ezifana ne-sodium kunye ne-potassium, zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha yomzimba wethu. Ezi ziba zizinto ezingalinganiyo xa umzimba uphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukusebenza kwengqondo: Amanzi abaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwengqondo. Xa kungekho manzi aneleyo , kuba nzima ukugxila kwaye amandla okucinga ayancipha.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngamandla: ukuziva udiniwe, udiniweUkudinwa luphawu oluphambili lokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Inkqubo yokwetyisa: Amanzi abalulekile kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, kunye nokukhupha ilindle nomchamo.
- Iintloko ezibuhlungu: Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokubangela iintloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo kunye nokuqina kwazo.
- Iziphumo kwizitho zangaphakathi: Umsebenzi wezitho eziphambili, ingakumbi izintso, intliziyo, kunye nengqondo, unokuchaphazeleka kakhulu.
- Impilo yolusu: Ulusu luyoma kwaye lushwabane.
Khumbula, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu yingxaki yezonyango, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezi mpawu zilandelayo.
| Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu | |
|---|---|
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
| Isiyezi | Ndiziva ndinesizungu, amehlo ejika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Amehlo, imilebe, nolwimi olomileyo | Amehlo omileyo, omile kangangokuba iinyembezi aziphumi xa ulila, kwaye imilebe nolwimi zome ngokungathi ziqhekekile. |
| Ukoma kunye nokutshintsha kombala wolusu | Ulusu luyoma, lube nemibimbi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuvela amabala eluswini. |
| Ukudinwa | Ukuziva ungenakunceda nto kangangokuba awukwazi kwenza nto. |
| Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza | Izinga lokuphefumla liphezulu kunesiqhelo. |
| Izandla neenyawo ezibandayo | Ukuziva ubanda xa uchukumisa izandla neenyawo. |
| Ukuncipha kokuchama | Ukuchama ngaphantsi kwezihlandlo ezine ngemini kwaye umchamo ophumayo unombala otyheli obumnyama kwaye unevumba elibi. |
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-IV fluids?
Ewe, nangona besithi "ityuwa," eneneni kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-IV fluids. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo olufunayo, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Izisombululo zeCrystalloid: Ezi zezona ntlobo ze-IV fluids ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ziqulathe amasuntswana amancinci kakhulu anyibilikiswe emanzini. La masuntswana anokudlula ngokulula egazini aye kwizicubu zomzimba kunye neeseli.
- Ityuwa Eqhelekileyo: Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba "ngamanzi anetyuwa." Yenziwa ngokunyibilikisa i-sodium chloride (ityuwa) emanzini.
- I-D5W (i-Dextrose emanzini): Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-"glucose" okanye "amanzi eswekile". Yenziwa ngokunyibilikisa i-dextrose, uhlobo lweswekile, emanzini.
- I-Ringer's eLactated: Esi sicombululo siqulathe i-sodium, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-calcium, kunye ne-lactate. Sisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza inani elikhulu lolwelo olulahlekileyo emzimbeni.
2. IiColloids: Ezi ziqulathe amasuntswana amakhulu. La masuntswana awakwazi ukudlula lula eludongeni lweeseli. Ngenxa yoko, ahlala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ixesha elide. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-albumin kunye ne-hetastarch .
Ngawaphi amanyathelo okunika i-IV saline?
Xa kufuneka unike ulwelo lwe-IV, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uya kulandela la manyathelo. Ukwazi oku kuya kukunceda uphephe uloyiko olungeyomfuneko.
1. Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngobunzima bakho, ubudala, kunye nemeko yempilo, ukuze amisele uhlobo lolwelo lwe-IV olufunayo, ubungakanani bolwelo oluza kunikwa, kunye nokuba lufanele lunikwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
2. Okulandelayo, umongikazi uza kukhetha umthambo olungileyo engalweni yakho (ngesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho okanye engalweni engentla).
3. Indawo ekhethiweyo icocwe kakuhle ngesisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane.
4. Emva koko, i -tourniquet, efana ne-elastic band, ibekwa ijikeleze ingalo engasentla ize iqiniswe kancinci. Oku kuya kwenza imithambo ibonakale ngokucacileyo.
5. Emva koko, inaliti ecociweyo ifakwa ngononophelo emthanjeni. Ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci ngeli xesha. Ityhubhu encinci yeplastiki (i-cannula) enamathele kwinaliti ishiywa emthanjeni kwaye inaliti isusiwe.
6. Susa i-tourniquet uze uqinisekise ukuba i-cannula ifakwe ngokupheleleyo emthanjeni.
7. Bopha i-cannula engalweni yakho ngebhandishi yeplasta ukuze ingashukumi.
8. Emva koko ityhubhu ende iqhagamshelwe kwi-cannula, kwaye elinye icala letyhubhu liqhagamshelwe kwingxowa yolwelo lwe-IV.
9. Ingxowa yolwelo lwe-IV ixhonywa kwindawo ephakamileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ngomatshini wokumpompa, ovumela ulwelo ukuba lungene emzimbeni wakho ngesantya esimiselweyo.
10. Abahlengikazi beza rhoqo ukuze bajonge ukuba isebenza kakuhle na kwaye ukuba kukho nayiphi na into ekuphazamisayo.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi ezingaqhelekanga zoku?
Ukunika ulwelo lwe-IV yinkqubo elula kakhulu nekhuselekileyo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Inokukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isindise nobomi.
Nangona kunjalo, njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingxaki ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu ezinokubakho. Kulungile ukuzazi ezi, kodwa ungazoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.
| Ingxaki | Kuthetha ukuthini oko? (Kalula nje) |
|---|---|
| Ukubethelwa komoya | Umoya ogqithisileyo ongena emthanjeni ngomgca we-IV. Oku kunqabile kakhulu , kodwa kunokuba yinto embi kakhulu ukuba kuyenzeka. |
| Umthambo oqunyiweyo | Umthambo ungavaleka xa inaliti ifakwa okanye ukuba i-cannula ibekwe endaweni yayo ixesha elide. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, abasebenzi bezonyango baza kusebenzisa umthambo owahlukileyo. |
| Ukugqithisa kolwelo | Ukuba usela ulwelo oluninzi ngokukhawuleza, unokuba neentloko ezibuhlungu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Oku kuya kukhawuleza kuphele xa ulungisa amanqanaba akho olwelo. |
| I-Hematoma | Ukopha igazi eliphuma emthanjeni wegazi liye kwizicwili ezijikelezileyo. Oku kubonakala ngathi kukudumba okuqinileyo kwaye kuyaziphilisa emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. |
| Usulelo | Ukuba indawo ebhoboziweyo ayicocwanga kakuhle, kunokwanda usulelo. Ezi zinokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. |
| Ukungena ngokungena | I-cannula ingaphuma emthanjeni ize ivuze ulwelo oluya kwizicubu ezingqongileyo. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kunye nokukrweleka, kodwa kunokulungiswa lula. |
| I-Phlebitis | I-IV ibangela ukuba umthambo udumbe. Oku kuqhelekile kancinci, kodwa kunokunyangeka ngokulula ngokususa i-IV kunye nokusebenzisa i-compress efudumeleyo. |
Ndimele ndimxelele ntoni ugqirha okanye umongikazi ngexesha lokufakwa kwetyuwa?
Ukuba ufumana naluphi na uvakalelo olungathandekiyo xa usela isisombululo se-saline, kufuneka uxele ngoko nangoko. Oku kungayithintela ingxaki enkulu.
- Ukuba isantya sokuhamba kolwelo kwingxowa yetyuwa sivakala sicotha kakhulu okanye sikhawuleza kakhulu .
- Ukuba indawo apho i-cannula ifakwe khona ibuhlungu, idumbile, ibomvu, okanye ivakala ngathi iyatsha .
- Ukuba i-cannula ivakala ngathi ikhululekile .
- Ukuba ngequbuliso uqaqanjelwa yintloko okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla .
Ukuba uziva into efana nale, ungoyiki ukuthetha nomongikazi okanye ugqirha apho. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-IV fluids, okanye "i-saline" okanye "i-glucose" njengoko siyibiza njalo, luhlobo oluthile lolwelo olunikezelwa ngomthambo ukuze luzalise amanzi kunye neeminerali zomzimba xa zingekho (ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni).
- Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko zokuhlanza, urhudo, ukubila kakhulu, iingozi, kunye notyando.
- Le yindlela eqhelekileyo nekhuselekileyo yezonyango, kodwa iingxaki zinokwenzeka rhoqo.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu, ukudumba, okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lokungakhululeki emzimbeni kwindawo ye-cannula ngelixa ufumana ulwelo lwe-IV, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba uhlobo kunye nobungakanani bolwelo lwe-IV olulungele imeko yakho, ngoko ke landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo.
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