Ingaba umntwana wakho utshintsha abe tyheli? Masifunde nge-jaundice esandul’ ukuzalwa!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ulusu losana lwakho olusandul’ ukuzalwa lubonakala lutyheli kancinci? Ngamanye amaxesha amehlo amhlophe nawo anokubonakala etyheli. Abazali abaninzi abatsha bayakhathazeka kancinci xa bebona oku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki , oku kuqhelekile kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Masithethe ngale nto namhlanje.

Yintoni i-jaundice kwiintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa?

Ngamafutshane, i-jaundice iyenzeka xa ulusu losana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lujika lube tyheli. Oogqirha bayibiza le nto ngokuthi ``Hyperbilirubinemia.'' Lo mbala utyheli ubangelwa kukuninzi kwento etyheli ebizwa ngokuba yi``Bilirubin'' egazini lomntwana.

Cinga ngayo, i-'bilirubin' yinto eveliswayo xa iiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi ziwohloka. Xa ukhulelwe, isibindi sakho sisusa le 'bilirubin' yomntwana wakho. Kodwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, isibindi somntwana kufuneka senze lo msebenzi. Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba isibindi somntwana asikakhuli ngokupheleleyo, asikwazi ukususa le 'bilirubin' ngokufanelekileyo. Emva koko, ulusu lomntwana luba tyheli ngenxa yale 'bilirubin' eyongezelelweyo.

I-jaundice ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ayibi yingozi kwaye iya kuphela yodwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukusa umntwana wakho kugqirha ukuze ahlole i-jaundice. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba i-jaundice iba yingozi kwaye ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, inokubangela umonakalo engqondweni.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-jaundice?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-jaundice ezinokuvela kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa.

I-Jaundice yePhysiological

Olu lolona hlobo lwe-jaundice luxhaphakileyo olubonwa kwiintsana. Oku kuqhelekile. Uninzi lweentsana luba nale meko kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuzalwa. Njengoko isibindi somntwana sikhula kancinci kancinci, siqala ukususa i-bilirubin. Olu hlobo lwe-jaundice alusoloko lubi kakhulu kwaye luba ngcono ngokwalo kwiiveki ezimbini.

Ukuncancisa i-Jaundice

Iintsana ezincanciswayo zinamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-jaundice kuneentsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebele. Olu hlobo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Breastfeeding jaundice", lwenzeka kwiveki yokuqala yobomi bomntwana. Oku kungenxa yokuba umntwana akafumani ubisi lwebele olwaneleyo . Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntwana akancanci kakuhle, okanye umama akakaqali ukuvelisa ubisi ngokufanelekileyo. Olu hlobo lwe-jaundice luthatha ixesha ukuphola.

I-Jaundice yobisi lwebele

Oku kwahlukile kwi-`(i-jaundice yokuncancisa)` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Ezinye izinto ezikubisi lwebele lukamama zinokuchaphazela isibindi somntwana ngendlela ephula i-`bilirubin`. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-`bilirubin` iqokeleleke. Le meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(i-jaundice yobisi lwebele)` inokubonwa emva kweveki yokuqala yokuzalwa komntwana, kwaye kungathatha inyanga okanye nangaphezulu ukuba inyamalale.

Ukongeza koku, ukuba umntwana unenye ingxaki yempilo, inokubangela ne-jaundice.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Yintoni i-jaundice kwiintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa?Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Enyanisweni, malunga nama-60% eentsana ezizelwe ixesha elizeleyo ziba ne-jaundice kwiveki yokuqala yobomi. Kwaye malunga nama -80% eentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ziba ne-jaundice kwiveki yokuqala. Ngoko ungabona ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-jaundice kukutyheli kolusu lomntwana . Oku kubonakala kakhulu kwindawo enokukhanya kwendalo, njengaphambi kwefestile. Ngokwesiqhelo, ubuso bomntwana buqala bube tyheli. Emva koko amhlophe emehlweni omntwana kunye nolwimi lunokuba tyheli. Njengoko inqanaba le-bilirubin lisanda, oku tyheli kunokusasazeka esifubeni somntwana, esiswini, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.

Ukuba umbala wolusu lomntwana wakho umnyama kancinci, kunokuba nzima kancinci ukuwubona lo mbala umthubi. Nangona kunjalo, usenokwazi ukubona ukuba umntwana wakho une-jaundice ngokujonga umbala wamehlo akhe nangaphantsi kolwimi lwakhe.

Kutheni abantwana befumana i-jaundice?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-jaundice iyenzeka xa kukho i-bilirubin eninzi egazini lomntwana. I-Bilirubin yikhemikhali eveliswa xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala ziqhekeka emizimbeni yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, isibindi sethu sihluza le bilirubin egazini size siyisuse. Emva koko ikhutshwa emizimbeni yethu xa ikwindle.

Ngoko ke, ukuba isibindi somntwana wakho asikhulanga ngokwaneleyo ukususa i-bilirubin, siqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni. Oku kuqokelelana kwe-bilirubin yikona okubangela ukuba ulusu lomntwana lujike lube tyheli. Iintsana ezininzi ziba ne-jaundice kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi ngenxa yesi sizathu. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba isibindi somntwana sikhule size sikwazi ukususa i-bilirubin ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-jaundice inokuba yingozi kakhulu . Ingabangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umntwana unentsholongwane egazini (i-sepsis).
• Ukuba uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana lwahlukile kolwakho.
• Ukuba umntwana wazalwa nzima kwaye kukho imivumbo.
• Ukuba umntwana uneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezininzi kakhulu.
• Ukuba umntwana unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"hypoxia" apho inqanaba le-oksijini liphantsi.
• Ukuba unesifo sesibindi esifana ne-biliary atresia.

Oogqirha bakuqonda njani oku kanye kanye?

Ngelixa usesibhedlele, ugqirha okanye umongikazi womntwana wakho uza kujonga umntwana wakho ukuba akanazo iimpawu ze-jaundice. Amanqanaba e-bilirubin yomntwana wakho afikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu phakathi kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu . Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha womntwana wakho kwakhona ngeli xesha.

Ugqirha angabeka isixhobo esincinci entlokweni yomntwana ukuze afumane umbono wokuba ingakanani inqanaba le-bilirubin. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa inqanaba le-``Transcutaneous bilirubin - TcB''. Ukuba eli nqanaba liphezulu, ugqirha uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa oko. Ngenxa yoku, kuthathwa isampuli yegazi encinci esithendeni somntwana. Olu vavanyo lwegazi lulinganisa inqanaba le-``Total serum bilirubin - TSB''.

Oogqirha basebenzisa itshathi ethi ``inqanaba le-jaundice yosana olusandula ukuzalwa`` ukuze bamisele ukuba umntwana udinga unyango, ngokwemigangatho eyamkelekileyo (njengaleyo icetyiswe yi-American Academy of Pediatrics). Ezi tshathi zisekelwe kwinqanaba le-``TSB`` lomntwana kunye nobudala bomntwana.

Inyangwa njani i-jaundice?

Uninzi lwe-jaundice olusandul’ ukuzalwa aludingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo . I-jaundice engephi idla ngokuziphelela njengoko isibindi somntwana sikhula. Oku kungathatha iveki okanye ezimbini. Ukuncancisa umntwana wakho rhoqo (izihlandlo ezili-10-12 ngemini) kuya kumnceda ukuba ahambe rhoqo. Oku kuya kunceda umntwana asuse i-bilirubin engaphezulu emzimbeni wakhe.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuncancisa umntwana wakho kakuhle. Oku kunceda ekususeni i-bilirubin emzimbeni.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin yomntwana wakho liphezulu kakhulu okanye liqhubeka linyuka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-phototherapy. Kule phototherapy, umntwana ushiywa enganxibanga aze abekwe phantsi kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhethekileyo. Umntwana unxityiswa kuphela i-napkin encinci kunye ne-mask ukukhusela amehlo akhe. Olu phototherapy lunceda isibindi somntwana sisuse i-bilirubin eyongezelelweyo. Ezi zibane aziyi kumenzakalisa umntwana. Unyango lwe-phototherapy luya kuhlala usuku okanye ezimbini. Ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin yomntwana wakho aliphezulu kakhulu, unokukwazi ukwenza olu nyango lukhanyayo ekhaya.

Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, ukuba i-phototherapy ayisebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-exchange transfusion. Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye yegazi lomntwana uze ufake elinye igazi elinikelweyo endaweni yalo.

Ngaba i-jaundice ingathintelwa?

I-jaundice ixhaphakile kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ayinakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, ungayinciphisa ingozi yokuba umntwana wakho abe ne-jaundice enzima. Oku kungenziwa ngokuncancisa umntwana wakho rhoqo . Ukuncancisa rhoqo kunceda umntwana wakho ukuba ahambe ngamathumbu rhoqo, nto leyo enceda ukususa i-bilirubin emzimbeni.

• Kwiintsana ezincanciswayo: Ncancisa umntwana wakho ibele izihlandlo ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 ngemini ngeveki yokuqala yobomi bakhe.
• Kwiintsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebele: Kwiveki yokuqala yobomi bomntwana, nika i-ounces enye ukuya kwezimbini (ii-milliliters ezingama-30-60) zebisi yebele rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Qinisekisa ukuba uncancisa ubuncinane izihlandlo ezisi-8 kwixesha leeyure ezingama-24.

Kwakhona, ungalibali ukuba ugqirha wakho ahlole inqanaba le-bilirubin yomntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba ubuye esibhedlele. Kwakhona, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha ukuze ahlole kwakhona inqanaba le-bilirubin yomntwana wakho kwiveki yokuqala yobomi bakhe.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-jaundice?

Kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zibe nesifo senyongo. Sidla ngokuqala kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuzalwa.

• I-jaundice kwiintsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebhokhwe idla ngokuba ngcono ngokwayo kwiiveki ezimbini.
• Iintsana ezincanciswayoI-Jaundice inokuhlala inyanga okanye ngaphezulu.

Olu hlobo lwempembelelo olunokuba nalo kumntwana? (Imbono)

I-jaundice ixhaphakile kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Uninzi lweentsana luba ngcono kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukujonga amanqanaba e-bilirubin yomntwana wakho . Ukuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin aphezulu kakhulu, ukuba awanyangwa ngokukhawuleza, oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Ezi zinokubandakanya i-cerebral palsy, ukungeva, kwanemeko yokonakala kwengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-kernicterus. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bexhalabile ngayo.

Ndifanele ndimse nini kwakhona umntwana wam kugqirha?

Ufanele ubone ugqirha wosana lwakho kwakhona xa ubuyela ekhaya uvela esibhedlele. Inqanaba le-bilirubin yosana lifikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu phakathi kweentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu ubudala, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe ngelo xesha. Ixesha elilandelayo lixhomekeke kubudala bosana lwakho xa uphuma esibhedlele, inqanaba le-bilirubin ngelo xesha, kunye nezinye izinto.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo ezifuna umnxeba kagqirha?

Ukuba i-jaundice yomntwana wakho ibonakala isiya isiba mandundu , okanye ukuba ibikho kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, qiniseka ukuba ufowunela ugqirha wakho. Iimpawu ze-jaundice enzima zingabandakanya:

• Ulusu lomntwana luba nombala otyheli okanye orenji omnyama .
• Usana lulele kakhulu , kwaye kunzima ukuluvusa ukuze lulondle.
• Usana aluhlalisekanga kakhulu .
• Usana aluncanci kakuhle (kubisi lwebele okanye ebhotileni).
• Usana aluchami kwaye/okanye aluyi kukhupha indle ngokwaneleyo .

Kufuneka uye nini kwi-ER (iGumbi loNgxamiseko)?

Ukuba umntwana wakho unenye yezi mpawu , fowunela u-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane :

• Ukukhala kakhulu .
• Bendinomkhuhlane .
• Ukugoba umzimba njengesaphetha (intloko/intamo okanye izithende zigobile ngasemva kwaye umzimba ubheke phambili).
• Umzimba uqinile, awunabomi, okanye uxhonyiwe .

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ukhathazekile kancinci xa umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa enesifo se-jaundice. Nokuba usesibhedlele okanye emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya, unokuba nemibuzo emininzi ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo se-jaundice. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo eqhelekileyo onokumbuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ndingaqiniseka njani ukuba umntwana wam une-jaundice?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-jaundice?
• Ngaba umntwana wam uya kufuna unyango lwe-jaundice?
• Ndinganyanga isifo senyongo somntwana wam ekhaya?
• Ngaba i-phototherapy ingalimaza umntwana wam?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-jaundice iphole?
• Sifanele sibuye nini ukuze siphinde sihlolwe?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kusenokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukubona umntwana wakho ejika abe tyheli, kodwa khumbula, i-jaundice yimeko eqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa . Kufuneka ugqirha wakho ahlole amanqanaba e-bilirubin yomntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba ubuye ekhaya uvela esibhedlele kwaye kwakhona kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuzalwa. I-jaundice ayisiyonto imbi kangako, kodwa inokuba yingozi ukuba ayinyangwa . Ukuba i-jaundice yosana lwakho ayibonakali iphucuka, okanye ukuba ibonakala isiba mandundu, fowunela ugqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko . Usenokuphinda ahlole i-bilirubin yomntwana wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uphilile. Kunye, ukhathalelo lwakho kunye nesikhokelo sikagqirha wakho sinokugcina umntwana wakho ephilile!

I- jaundice yosana, i-bilirubin, iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa, i-jaundice, unyango nge-phototherapy, isibindi, impilo yomntwana