Ngaba wakha wayibona imithambo entanyeni yakho ivuvukala xa umntu ekhwaza ngomsindo okanye ephakamisa into enzima? Loo mithambo ibonakalayo yimithambo ye-jugular esithetha ngayo namhlanje. Le ayisiyo nayiphi na imithambo yegazi. Yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yemithambo yegazi eqala entlokweni yakho iye esifubeni sakho, ingakumbi leyo ibalulekileyo kwimpilo yengqondo yakho. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula, njengokuthetha nomhlobo, akunjalo?
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Kutheni imithambo yentloko ibaluleke kangaka?
Khawucinge nje, ukuba imizimba yethu ibisisixeko esikhulu, ingqondo ibiya kuba yindawo ephambili yokulawula kweso sixeko. Esi sikhungo sokulawula sifuna amandla amaninzi, oko kukuthi, unikezelo lwegazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi, ukuze sisebenze ngokuqhubekayo. Into emangalisayo kukuba, nangona siyinxalenye encinci yobunzima bomzimba wethu wonke, i-15% ukuya kwi-20% yegazi elimpontshwa yintliziyo liya engqondweni . Kufana nokuba imoto encinci ifuna ipetroli yelori enkulu.
Ngoko ke, emva kokuhambisa le oksijini engqondweni nakwezinye iindawo zentloko (ubuso, iindlebe, ukhakhayi), lixesha lokubuyisela elo gazi "lisetyenzisiweyo" entliziyweni. Loo msebenzi ubalulekileyo wenziwa yimithambo yethu ye-jugular. Ezi zifana neendlela eziphuma kwisixeko esikhulu. Ukuba ezi ndlela ziyavalwa, isixeko siya kuba kwisiphithiphithi, kwaye ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo ye-jugular kuyaphazamiseka, iingxaki ezinkulu zinokuvela ekusebenzeni kwengqondo yethu.
Ngamafutshane, umthambo we-jugular ufana nenkqubo ephambili yokukhupha amanzi ethwala igazi elingcolileyo (igazi elingenaoksijini) ukusuka entloko ukuya entliziyweni. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwale nkqubo kubalulekile kwimpilo yengqondo.
Ziphi ezi veins ze-jugular? Ngaba zikho iintlobo zazo?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemithambo ye-jugular. Cinga ngayo njengemizila emithathu endleleni. Uhlobo ngalunye lukwicala ngalinye lentamo. Oko kuthetha ukuba sinemithambo ye-jugular emithandathu iyonke.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, makhe sahlule le nkcazo ibe ziitheyibhile ezincinci.
| Uhlobo lwemithambo | Indawo kunye nomsebenzi ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Imithambo Yangaphandle Yentloko | Le yimithambo-luvo esithethe ngayo, phantsi nje kwesikhumba sentamo, ebonakala ngaphandle. Iqokelela igazi ngaphandle kwekhakayi, njengobuso kunye nemisipha yangaphandle yentamo. |
| Imithambo Yangaphakathi Yesifuba | Le yeyona mithambo mikhulu neyona ibalulekileyo ye-jugular. Ifumaneka phantsi kwemisipha yentamo, ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Ithwala uninzi lwegazi elivela engqondweni. Umthambo ongasekunene mkhulu kancinci kunowasekhohlo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha besebenzisa lo mthambo ukufaka ii-saline cannulas ezinkulu (ii-IV lines). |
| Imithambo ye-Anterior Jugular | Le yeyona mithambo mincinci kwemithathu. Ifumaneka ngaphambili entanyeni, kumacala omabini epharynx. |
Emva kokuba le mithambo isuka entanyeni, idibana nomnye umthambo omkhulu ngaphantsi kwegxalaba. Ekugqibeleni, yonke iyadibana ukuze yenze umthambo omkhulu kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wethu, iSuperior Vena Cava . Loo mthambo mkhulu yiwo oqokelela lonke igazi elingenaoksijini entlokweni, ezingalweni, nasesifubeni esingaphezulu uze ulithwale uliyise ngqo entliziyweni.
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Check Availability →Zeziphi izifo ezichaphazela le mithambo yegazi?
Zimbalwa izifo ezichaphazela ngqo imithambo ye-jugular. Nangona kunjalo, le mithambo inokuchaphazeleka zezinye iimeko zonyango okanye unyango.
- I-Aneurysm: Oku kwenzeka xa udonga lwemithambo yegazi luba buthathaka luze luvuthuluke njengebhaluni. Ukuba oku kuqhuma ngequbuliso, kunokubangela ukopha okukhulu kwaye kube yingozi ebomini.
- Isifo seswekile: Nangona isifo seswekile singayichaphazeli ngqo le mithambo, i-cannula ifakwa kumthambo wangaphakathi we-jugular entanyeni, ingakumbi kubantu abanengxaki yezintso kwaye abasebenzisa i-dialysis.
- I-Stenosis: Oku kukuncitshiswa okanye ukuncitshiswa komthambo wegazi. Oku kungenzeka ngenxa yamanxeba avela kwiingozi, izifo, okanye utyando.
- I-Thrombosis: Ngamafutshane, ihlwili legazi liyakheka lize libhajwe emthanjeni. Ukuba ihlwili likhulu, linokuvala ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi. Olu hlobo lwehlwili lunokwenzeka emva kokosuleleka emphinjeni okanye entanyeni. Oku kuyingozi kuba ukosuleleka kunokusasazeka kuye egazini kwaye kubangele imeko enzima, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis .
Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yomthambo we-jugular?
Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo entanyeni, iimpawu ezinxulumene nayo zinokuvela entanyeni, entloko, emehlweni, nasezindlebeni. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwahlukana | Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphakathi kwimithambo lusanda, imithambo entanyeni ibonakala ikhukhumele ngaphandle. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lweengxaki ezinkulu zentliziyo, ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo. |
| Iingxaki zendlebe | Ukungaphumi kakuhle kwegazi kunokubangela uxinzelelo oluphezulu ezindlebeni, okubangela isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, okanye isandi esihlala sinkenteza ezindlebeni esibizwa ngokuba yi-tinnitus . Abanye abantu banokuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo yabo "kukhala" ezindlebeni zabo. |
| Iingxaki zamehlo | Umbono ofipheleyo, ukubona kabini, okanye ukudumba kwamehlo kusenokubakho. Oku kukwabangelwa kukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Intlungu | Usenokuba neentlungu okanye ukuqina kwentamo, okanye iintloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo. |
| Iingxaki zokulala | Xa kukho utshintsho kwindlela igazi elihamba ngayo engqondweni, lunokuchaphazela nokulala kwakho. |
Ugqirha uzihlola njani ezi veins?
Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yale mithambo.
1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Kule meko, ugqirha uza kukubeka esihlalweni ngekona ethile aze ajonge ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukudumba kwimithambo entanyeni yakho kunye naluphi na utshintsho kuxinzelelo. Ungacelwa ukuba ujike intloko yakho ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, uphefumle, kwaye ukhuphe umoya.
2. I-Ultrasound yeMithambo:Oku kufana ne-ultrasound scan yomntwana. Isebenzisa amaza esandi aphezulu ukujonga indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokujonga ukuba akukho nto ivalelekileyo na.
3. I-CT Scan kunye ne-Angiography: I-CT scan ithatha umfanekiso onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) wangaphakathi lomzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha olu vavanyo lwenziwa emva kokufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo (umahluko) kwimithambo yegazi. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo iindawo apho igazi lingaphumi khona.
4. I-MRI scan: Oku kusebenzisa amandla emagnethi anamandla kakhulu ukuthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba. Oku kunceda ukwahlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kwemisipha, imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo-luvo.
Iindlela zonyango kunye nendlela yokuhlala usempilweni?
Unyango lwemithambo ye-jugular luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ezi zinikwa xa kukho usulelo.
- Izinto Zokunciphisa Igazi: Ukuba kuye kwavela amahlwili egazi, anikwa ukuze anyibilike aze athintele ukwakheka kwamatsha.
- Ukufakwa komgca we-IV: Kwezinye iindlela zonyango, ingakumbi unyango lwexesha elide, ii-cannula ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nemigca ye-PICC , zifakwa ngale mithambo.
- Utyando: Ukuba umthambo unciphile okanye wonakele, utyando lunokufuneka. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa utyando lwe-bypass ukuze kudlule umthambo ovalekileyo entliziyweni, kusetyenziswa icandelo lomthambo we-jugular ophilileyo. Nokuba umthambo omnye we-jugular ususiwe, eminye imithambo isasebenza.
Ngoko ke, singayigcina njani le mithambo ibalulekileyo isempilweni?
Akukho mfuneko yokwenza nantoni na ekhethekileyo ngale nto. Imikhwa yethu yempilo eqhelekileyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
- Lumka intliziyo yakho: Nasiphi na isifo esichaphazela intliziyo sinokuchaphazela nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, nokuhlala usebenza .
- Lumka intamo yakho: Imithambo yentamo, ingakumbi leyo ingaphandle, isengozini kakhulu. Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo xa udlala imidlalo (ingakumbi i-ice hockey) kwaye usebenza ngoomatshini.
- Mamela umzimba wakho: Ukuba uqala ukuba neentlungu zentamo, ukudumba, okanye naziphi na iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla emehlweni okanye ezindlebeni zakho, musa ukuzityeshela. Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko , ingakumbi ukuba ziyakuphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
- Yigcine icocekile: Ukuba une-IV line okanye i-port efakwe kwi-jugular vein yakho, gcina indawo ejikeleze yona icocekile njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
Imithambo ye-jugular yiyo edlala indima engapheliyo kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Nangona sisenokungaqondi ukubaluleka kwayo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yengqondo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imithambo ye-jugular ifana neendlela eziphambili ezithwala igazi lisuka entloko nasebuchotsheni ukuya entliziyweni.
- Ukuvuleka kwemithambo yentamo ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwesifo sentliziyo esinzulu, ngoko ke ukuba uyibona rhoqo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukukhusela intamo kwiingozi kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yale mithambo.
- Ukuba uva iintlungu zentamo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukubona okufipheleyo, okanye ukukhala okungaqhelekanga ezindlebeni zakho, musa ukukubetha ngoyaba oko. Oku kunokubangelwa yingxaki yemithambo-luvo yakho.
- Ukugcina impilo entle yentliziyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina yonke inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi, kuquka nomthambo we-jugular, isempilweni.
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