Ngaba uyazi ngeebhanki zegazi ezinceda ekusindiseni ubomi babantu abaninzi?

Ngaba wakha weva ngokunikelwa kwegazi, okanye ngesidingo segazi xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, okanye utyando olukhulu? Uyazi ukuba ngubani onokusinceda ngamaxesha anjalo? Oko kukuthi iibhanki zegazi. Nangona zibizwa ngokuba ziibhanki, azifaki mali. Ngoko ke? Masithethe ngale nkonzo isindisa ubomi namhlanje.

Ngoko ke yintoni ibhanki yegazi?

Ngamafutshane, ibhanki yegazi yindawo apho igazi liqokelelwa khona kubanikeli abaphilileyo, abazinikele ngokuzithandela, livavanywe, kwaye ligcinwe ngokufanelekileyo. Njengokuba sifake imali ebhankini size siyikhuphe nanini na xa sifuna, iibhanki zegazi zibonelela ngegazi elisindisa ubomi kwabo balidingayo, xa belifuna. Kodwa khumbula, akuyonto yemali, kubomi!

Kutheni iibhanki zegazi zibaluleke kangaka kuthi?

Cinga ngomntu olahlekelwe ligazi elininzi kwingozi. Okanye, ngomntu olungiselela utyando olukhulu. Kukho ezinye izifo, umzekelo, ezifana neThalassemia, apho abantu abane-anemia enzima, izigulane zomhlaza, okanye abantu abanezifo ezithile zegazi kufuneka baqhubeke benikela igazi. Kwakhona, umama unokulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi ngexesha lokubeleka. Nokuba kunjalo, ukuba akanakunikwa igazi ngokukhawuleza, linokuba yingozi ebomini. Kulapho igazi kwezi bhanki zegazi liba liyeza elisindisa ubomi. Igazi aliyonto inokwenziwa ngokwenziwa. Yiyo loo nto indima yeebhanki zegazi ibaluleke kangaka.

Ezi bhanki zegazi ziyifumana njani igazi? (Masifunde kancinci malunga nokunikela ngegazi)

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Kulungile, kukho igazi kwiibhanki zegazi. Kodwa livela phi elo gazi?' Eli gazi lixabisekileyo livela kubantu abadala abasempilweni njengam nawe abanikela ngegazi ngokuzithandela. Lo ngumnikelo obalulekileyo kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, nabani na ophakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-60 ubudala, osempilweni, ongenazo izifo ezosulelayo, kwaye onobunzima obungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingama-50 unokunikela ngegazi. Abanye abantu banokoyika kancinci ukunikela ngegazi. Izinto ezinje, 'Ngaba kuya kuba buhlungu xa ndifumana inaliti? Ngaba ndiya kudinwa xa ndinikela ngegazi? Ngaba ndiya kuba negazi elaneleyo emzimbeni wam?'

Enyanisweni, ukunikela ngegazi kunokuba buhlungu kancinci, kodwa akunyamezeleki. Oogqirha nabongikazi bakuhlolisisa ngononophelo ukuze babone ukuba ufanelekile na ukunikela ngegazi. Inani elincinci kakhulu legazi lithathwa emzimbeni wakho (ngesiqhelo malunga neemililitha ezingama-450). Elo nani lizaliswa emzimbeni wakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ke ngoko, akukho monakalo emzimbeni wakho, kwaye awuyi kuziva udiniwe kakhulu. Zonke izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukunikela ngegazi zintsha kwaye zicociwe, ngoko awuyi kosulelwa sisifo. Ubusazi na ukuba ukunikela ngegazi elinye kunokusindisa ubomi obufikelela kwabathathu ?

Kwenzeka ntoni kwigazi elifunyenwe ebhankini yegazi?

Kulungile, masithi unikela ngegazi. Kwenzeka ntoni kuloo gazi emva koko? Ngaba liya ngqo kwisigulana? Hayi, alihambi. Yonke ingxowa yegazi eza ebhankini yegazi ijongwa ngononophelo kwaye ivavanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

1. Uvavanyo lweQela leGazi kunye neRh factor

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwegazi lakho (A, B, AB, okanye O) kunye ne-Rh factor (elungileyo okanye engalunganga). Kuba xa unikela ngegazi, kufuneka unike igazi elihambelana ngqo nohlobo lwegazi lomguli. Ngaphandle koko, kunokuvela iingxaki ezinkulu.

2. Uvavanyo lwezifo ezosulelayo

Okulandelayo, igazi liyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe izifo ezifana ne-HIV (intsholongwane ebangela i-AIDS), i-Hepatitis B kunye ne-C (izifo zentsholongwane ezichaphazela isibindi), kunye ne-Syphilis. Injongo ephambili yezi vavanyo kukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwezifo ngokutofelwa igazi. Ukuba igazi liqinisekisiwe ukuba linesifo esinjalo nangayiphi na indlela, elo gazi aliyi kunikwa nasiphi na isigulana.

3. Ukwahlulwahlulwa kwiCandelo leGazi

Ixesha elininzi, asibaniki igazi elipheleleyo izigulane. Ngenxa yokuba isigulane ngasinye sifuna inxalenye nganye yegazi, igazi elinikelweyo lahlulwe libe ziinxalenye zalo eziphambili kusetyenziswa oomatshini abakhethekileyo.

• Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu: Ezi zezona zithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Zinikwa abantu abane-anemia, abo balahlekelwe ligazi elininzi kwiingozi, kunye nabo baye batyandwa.
• Iiplatelets: Ezi zinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi. Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba iiplatelets ziyancipha xa une-dengue. Zikwafuneka nakubantu abanezifo ezifana ne-leukemia kunye nabo bafumana unyango lomhlaza.
• Iplasma: Le yinxalenye yolwelo egazini. Iplasma inikwa abantu abaye batsha, banesifo sesibindi, kwaye banengxaki yokugabha igazi.
• I-Cryoprecipitate: Eli lelinye iqhezu elikhethekileyo elahlulwe kwi-plasma. Lisetyenziswa kubantu abaneengxaki zokopha ezifana ne-haemophilia.

Khawuthelekelele indlela ebekuya kuba luncedo ngayo ukukwazi ukwahlula iindawo ezinje kwigazi elinye uze uncede izigulane ezahlukeneyo!

4. Indawo yokugcina izinto ngendlela eyiyo

Iinxalenye zegazi nezegazi ezivavanyiweyo zaza zahlulwahlulwa zibe ziinxalenye ngale ndlela zigcinwa kubushushu obufanelekileyo kwiifriji ezikhethekileyo nakwiifriji. Icandelo ngalinye legazi linexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngelixa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinokugcinwa malunga neentsuku ezingama-35-42, iiplatelets zinokugcinwa kuphela iintsuku ezi-5. Iplasma ingagcinwa kwifriji malunga nonyaka. Olu gcino olufanelekileyo lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunikela ngegazi ngokukhawuleza xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ngubani owamkela igazi? (Masiqaphele notofelo-gazi)

Ngubani ofuna igazi elivela kwibhanki yegazi? Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, igazi linikwa nabani na olidingayo ngenxa yeengozi, utyando, okanye iimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Kodwa kukho into ebaluleke kakhulu apha. Oko kukuhambelana kohlobo lwegazi.

Ngaphambi kokuba umntu anike igazi, uhlobo lwegazi lomguli kunye nohlobo lwegazi olukwingxowa yegazi enikelweyo zijongwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahambelana. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Crossmatching". Ukuba umntu unikwe uhlobo lwegazi olungalunganga, lunokuba yingozi nakubomi bakhe. Ke ngoko, le yinto eyenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu.

Utofelo-gazi ludla ngokwenziwa esibhedlele, phantsi kweliso loogqirha nabahlengikazi. Kufana nokunika isisombululo se-saline. Ingxowa yegazi ixhonywa kwisitya se-saline kwaye igazi linikwa nge-cannula lingene emthanjeni wesigulane. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi bezonyango bakwanika ingqalelo esondeleyo ekubeni isigulane sifumana naziphi na iingxaki (ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukurhawuzelelwa, ubunzima bokuphefumla).

Ezinye iingcamango eziphosakeleyo malunga nokunikelwa kwegazi kunye neebhanki zegazi

Nangona ukunikela ngegazi kuyinto entle enokusindisa ubomi, kukho iingcamango eziphosakeleyo abanye abantu abanazo ngalo mba. Makhe sijonge loo nto.

• 'Ukulunywa kuza kuba buhlungu, ndiyoyika': Inene, kukho intlungu encinci. Kodwa yinto encinci, njengokulunywa yingcongconi. Ukuba loo ntlungu incinci ingasindisa ubomi, ixabisa malini?
• 'Ngaba ndiza kugula ukuba ndinikela ngegazi': Akunjalo konke konke. Zonke izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuthatha igazi zintsha kwaye zicociwe iintsholongwane. Ngoko ke awuyi kufumana zifo.
• 'Andinalo igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni wam, ndiza kuba nengxaki ukuba ndinikela ngalo': Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe igazi kuwe, imeko yakho yempilo ihlolwa ngononophelo. Ubungakanani begazi, ubunzima, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kuyajongwa, kwaye igazi lithathwa kuphela ukuba awukho semngciphekweni. Ubungakanani obuthathwayo buncinci kwaye abuyi kubangela monakalo emzimbeni.
• 'Ukunikela ngegazi kukwenza ube mncinci/mkhulu': Oku kukwayinto engafanelekanga. Akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kokunikela ngegazi notshintsho kubunzima bomzimba.

Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ungalahlekiswa ziingcamango ezinjalo eziphosakeleyo uze unikele ngegazi nanini na xa kunokwenzeka. Cinga nje ukuba umnikelo wakho omnye unokusindisa ubomi obungakanani!

Injani inkonzo yebhanki yegazi eSri Lanka?

Kwilizwe lethu, iSri Lanka, le nkonzo yebhanki yegazi yenziwa ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo kakhulu, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, yiNational Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS) . Bagcina uthungelwano lweebhanki zegazi kwizibhedlele kulo lonke ilizwe. Bakwaququzelela iinkampu zokunikela ngegazi, bavavanye igazi, baligcine, baze balisasaze kwizibhedlele ezilidingayo. Konke oku kwenziwa simahla. Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu nebalulekileyo yenkonzo yezempilo kwilizwe lethu.

Singakunceda njani kule nto?

Ukuze iinkonzo zebhanki yegazi ziphumelele, kufuneka kubekho ukunikezelwa kwegazi rhoqo. Sonke singanegalelo kuloo nto.

• Ukuba ungumntu omdala osempilweni kwaye ufanelekile ukunikela ngegazi, ngokuqinisekileyo nikela ngegazi. Jonga ukuba ikhona na inkampu yokunikela ngegazi kwindawo okuyo, okanye ungatyelela ibhanki yegazi kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente esikufutshane ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha.
• Fundisa abahlobo bakho kunye nosapho lwakho ngokubaluleka kokunikela ngegazi. Coca iingcamango eziphosakeleyo kwaye ukhuthaze nabanye ukuba benze okufanayo.
• Yabelana ngemiyalezo yokunikela ngegazi ngeendaba zoluntu.

Khumbula, ithontsi legazi olinikelayo linokusindisa ubomi bomntu!

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi uyaqonda ngoku ukuba ibhanki yegazi ayisiyondawo apho ubeka khona imali, kodwa yindawo exabisekileyo apho ubeka khona ubomi kwaye inceda ekusindiseni ubomi. Ibhanki yegazi yindawo apho igazi elinikelwa ngabantu abaphilileyo lihlolwa ngononophelo, lahlulwe libe ziinxalenye, ligcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye linikwe umntu ofanelekileyo, xa kufuneka.

Igazi yinto engenakwenziwa ngokwenziwa kwaye inokufunyanwa kuphela emzimbeni womntu. Ke ngoko, ukunikela ngegazi yeyona nto inkulu umntu anokuyenza. Ukunikela ngegazi kube kanye kunokusindisa ubomi babantu abaninzi. Ke ngoko, yiza ngaphambili unikele ngegazi ngaphandle koloyiko okanye amathandabuzo. Ulwaneliseko oza kulufumana kulo aluyi kuba naxabiso.

Ibhanki yegazi , ukunikela ngegazi, utofelo-gazi, amaqela egazi, i-NBTS, iSri Lanka, impilo