Ngaba wakha wambona umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umntu omaziyo equleka ngequbuliso aze awe phantsi ngelixa eqhelisela umzimba okanye xa esoyika kakhulu? Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwezinto ezinjalo kukho imeko yentliziyo esingazange sive ngayo kakhulu, kodwa enokuba yingozi kakhulu. Enye yezi meko yiLong QT Syndrome (LQTS). Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masiliqonde ngokulula.
Yintoni i-Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)?
Ngamafutshane, i-Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) yingxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo yakho.
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengefleshi ekwikhamera. Emva kokuba ibethe kube kanye, kufuneka itshajwe kancinci ngaphambi kokuba iphinde ibethe. Yileyo ndlela inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ekufuneka itshajwe ngayo phakathi kokubetha. Ixesha elithathayo ukuze oku kwenzeke lilo esililinganisa kwi-ECG (Electrocardiogram) njengesithuba se-QT .
Eli xesha lokutshaja lide kumntu one-LQTS kunakumntu oqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ithatha ixesha elide ukulungiselela ukubetha okulandelayo.
Kwenzeka njani oku?
Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yethu ulawulwa ziisuntswana ezincinci ezitshajiswa ngombane ezibizwa ngokuba zii-ion (umzekelo, i-sodium, i-potassium, i-calcium). Ezi i-ion zihamba zingena ziphuma kwiiseli zemisipha yentliziyo ngamasango amancinci abizwa ngokuba zii-ion channels .
Kwi-Long QT Syndrome, ezi channels ze-ion azisebenzi kakuhle okanye azikho ngokwaneleyo. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo ivuseleleke kade.
Xa ixesha le-QT liqhubeka ngolu hlobo, ukubetha kwentliziyo okuyingozi kakhulu, okusongela ubomi, okukhawulezayo, nokungaqhelekanga (arrhythmia) kunokwenzeka. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yiTorsades de Pointes . Olu luhlobo lwemeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yiVentricular Tachycardia .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-LQTS?
Ii-LQTS zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: ezizuzwe njengelifa nezifunyenweyo.
1. Ii-LQTS ezizuzwe njengelifa/ezizelweyo
Oku kubangelwa sisiphene semfuza. Oko kuthetha ukuba sifunyanwa ngabazali ebantwaneni. Nalapha, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwe-LQTS oluzalwa nalo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo seRomano-Ward | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Kwimeko enjalo, omnye wabazali unokuba ne-LQTS. Kukho amathuba angama-50% okuba umntwana azuze esi sifo njengelifa. Ukuva (ukuva) kwaba bantu kuqhelekile. |
| Jervell kunye neLange-Nielsen Syndrome | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, bobabini abazali bathwala i-LQTS gene (basenokungabi nazimpawu). Kukho amathuba angama-25% okuba umntwana azuze esi sifo njengelifa. Abantwana abanale meko badla ngokuzalwa bengeva. |
| Isifo sikaTimothy | Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kakhulu. Lungachaphazela kungekuphela nje intliziyo, kodwa nezinye iindawo zomzimba. |
2. Ii-LQTS ezifunyenweyo
Oku akubangelwa zizinto zemfuza. Abanye abantu banokuzalwa benobuthathaka obuncinci kwiindlela zabo ze-ion. Kodwa oko akuyongxaki. Nangona kunjalo, le meko inokubangelwa yinto ethile yangaphandle.
Izizathu eziphambili zezi:
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amayeza okudakumba, amayeza okunciphisa ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nemithi yokukhupha umchamo.
- Ukuncipha kwamanqanaba etyuwa emzimbeni: Ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-potassium, i-magnesium, okanye i-calcium egazini.
- Ezinye izizathu: Iingxaki zokutya ezifana ne-anorexia nervosa, umonakalo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kunye neetyhefu ezithile.
Zingaba zeziphi ezi mpawu?
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu nge-LQTS kukuba malunga ne-50% yabantu abanazo naziphi na iimpawu . Nangona kunjalo, xa iimpawu zisenzeka, zihlala zinzima. Ezi mpawu zenzeka xa kwenzeka indlela eyingozi yokurhawuzelela kwentliziyo ebizwa ngokuba yiTorsades de Pointes.
| Uphawu oluphambili | Kwenzeka ntoni kuyo? |
|---|---|
| I-Syncope | Ngenxa yokubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo, ingqondo ayifumani gazi laneleyo. Oku kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kunye nokuwa. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-seizure ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni. |
| Ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac | Ukuba loo ndlela yokubetha kwentliziyo eyingozi iyaqhubeka, intliziyo inokuyeka ukubetha ngokupheleleyo. |
| Ukufa Ngesiquphe | Ukuma kwentliziyo kunokuba yingozi ukuba akunyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu luphawu lokuqala lomntu one-LQTS. |
Iimeko apho iimpawu zibonakala khona:
- Ngexesha lokuzilolonga okanye emva kokuba ugqibile.
- Ngexesha lokuvuselelwa kwengqondo ngequbuliso, ngamandla (umz., xa usoyika kakhulu, wothuka).
- Ngexesha lokulala okanye xa uvuka ngequbuliso ebuthongweni.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?
Abantu abalandelayo basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-LQTS:
- Izalamane ezisondeleyo zegazi (abazali, abantakwabo, abantwana) zomntu one-LQTS.
- Abantu abanembali yentsapho yokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo engaziwayo, ukuxhuzula, okanye ukufa ngequbuliso besebancinci.
- Abantwana abazalwa bengeva (ngenxa yomngcipheko weJervell kunye neLange-Nielsen Syndrome).
- Abantu abanezinye izifo zentliziyo ezifana ne-cardiomyopathy.
- Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza andisa ixesha le-QT.
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye wafunyaniswa ukuba une-LQTS, licebo elihle ukuba uvavanyelwe yona. Okokuqala, xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo. Uza kukuthumela kuvavanyo lwe-ECG.
Uyazi njani ukuba une-LQTS?
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokufumanisa oku kukusebenzisa i-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram).Uvavanyo. Ugqirha ulinganisa isithuba se-QT kwi-ECG. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba eli xesha lide kune-450 milliseconds, i-LQTS inokurhanelwa.
Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga amanqanaba eetyuwa emzimbeni, njenge-potassium kunye ne-magnesium.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: Jonga indlela otshintsha ngayo umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
- I-Ambulatory Monitor (i-Holter Monitor): Isixhobo esincinci sibekwa esifubeni sakho ukuze sirekhode rhoqo isingqisho sentliziyo yakho kangangeeyure ezingama-24 nangaphezulu.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Jonga utshintsho lwemfuza oluhambelana ne-LQTS.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Nangona i-LQTS ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho unyango olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, ukuthintela umngcipheko wokufa ngequbuliso, kunye nokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
| Indlela yonyango | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Amayeza | Abantu abaninzi (kwanabo bangenazo iimpawu) banikwa amayeza e-beta-blocker . La mayeza anceda ukulawula isantya sentliziyo kancinci kwaye anciphise impendulo yentliziyo kwizinto ezibangela uxinezeleko ngequbuliso. |
| Izixhobo |
|
| Utyando | I-Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation (LCSD) kwizigulane ezisengozini enkulu ezinzima ukuzilawula ngamayeza nezixhoboOlu tyando lubandakanya ukususa ezinye zemithambo-luvo eziya entliziyweni, ukunciphisa impendulo yentliziyo kwizinto ezibangela uqhushululu ngequbuliso. |
Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uhlala ne-LQTS
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobupheleleyo nge-LQTS. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
1. Ingxolo ekhawulezileyo kunye noxinzelelo
Kubantu abaneentlobo ezithile ze-LQTS, ingxolo ekhawulezileyo nephezulu (umz., i-alamu, ukukhala kwefowuni) okanye ukothuka ngequbuliso okanye uloyiko kunokuba yingozi.
- Xelela usapho nabahlobo ukuba akukhuselekanga ukukugculela.
- Endaweni yewotshi ezikhalayo, sebenzisa ezo zidlala umculo othambileyo.
2. Ukuzilolonga kunye nemidlalo
Kubantu abaneentlobo ezithile ze-LQTS, imidlalo yokhuphiswano kunye nokuzilolonga okunzima kunokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokuzilolonga ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga kuwe.
- Ukuqubha kuyingozi kakhulu kwabanye abantu. Kukho umngcipheko wokutshona ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo emanzini. Musa ukuqubha wedwa.
3. Lumka kakhulu ngamayeza!
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Kwanamayeza amaninzi aqhelekileyo angenza i-LQTS ibe mandundu.
- Xelela bonke oogqirha abakunyangayo ukuba une-LQTS.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ubhale amayeza alo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwesifo, thetha nogqirha wakho wentliziyo.
- Musa ukuthenga naliphi na iyeza elithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kwivenkile yezonyango okanye naphi na ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha (ngaphandle kwezinto ezifana neparacetamol kunye ne-aspirin).
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Wakuba ufunyenwe une-LQTS, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe. Kungcono ukubona i-electrophysiologist, ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zesingqisho sentliziyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha rhoqo njengoko umthamo wamayeza kufuneka uhlengahlengiswe ngokobunzima bakhe.
Ndingaya nini kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo)?
Ukuba umntu akakho zingqondweni aze awe, fowunela i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, ukuba kukho umntu oqeqeshwe ukwenza i-CPR (ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo), mnike. Kwimeko efana nale, umzuzwana ngamnye uyabaluleka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) yimeko yemfuza okanye efunyenwe apho inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ithatha ixesha elide kakhulu ukuba itshajwe.
- Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okungachazekiyo zezona mpawu ziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi basenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu kwaphela.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale meko okanye oye wafa ngequbuliso esemncinci, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-ECG.
- Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise naliphi na iyeza (nokuba lelinye ixesha), thetha nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba likhuselekile kuwe.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo (amayeza, isixhobo se-ICD) kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, umntu one-LQTS unokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobunempilo. Akukho mfuneko yokoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho