Ngaba ubusoloko unengxaki yokuxinana kwesifuba , ukukhohlela, kunye nokuphefumla kancinci kangangeentsuku? Ngaba umzimba wakho uziva ubuthathaka? Usenokucinga ukuba ezi ziingqele nje, kodwa mhlawumbi le yinto enzulu ngakumbi, njenge -pneumonia . Namhlanje, masithethe ngesi sifo abantu abaninzi abasoyikayo kodwa abangasaziyo, ngokulula nangokucacileyo, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo osenyongweni.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-pneumonia?
Ngamafutshane, i-pneumonia lusulelo lwemiphunga. Cinga ngemiphunga yakho njengesiponji. Xa uphefumla, esi siponji sizala ngumoya. Xa kuvela i-pneumonia, iingxowa zomoya ezincinci (i-alveoli) emiphungeni kunye neetyhubhu ezincinci (ii-bronchioles) ezidibana nazo zizaliswa yi-pus okanye ulwelo ngenxa yosulelo lwebhaktheriya . Oku kwenza kube nzima kwimiphunga ukufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo.
Nabani na angayifumana, kodwa iintsana ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabantu abangaphezu kwama-50 basengozini enkulu kuba amajoni abo omzimba anokuba buthathaka. Abantu abatshayayo nabasela kakhulu banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-pneumonia.
I-pneumonia ingenzeka kwimiphunga enye okanye kwimiphunga yomibini. Xa isenzeka kwimiphunga yomibini, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-'double pneumonia'. Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho imeko ye-pneumonia eyenzeka ngaphandle kweempawu ezinkulu, ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Walking Pneumonia'.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-pneumonia?
I-pneumonia inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwintsholongwane eyibangelayo. Makhe sijonge olu lwazi kwitheyibhile.
| Uhlobo lwe-pneumonia | Isizathu | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| I-pneumonia yebhaktheriya | Iintlobo zeebhaktheriya (umz. iStreptococcus) | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha lunokuvela emva komkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane uze emva kokuba uphilile. |
| I-Pneumonia ebangelwa yintsholongwane | Iintlobo zeentsholongwane (umz. umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane) | Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo alubi kakhulu njenge-pneumonia yebhaktheriya, kodwa lunokuba nzima kakhulu. |
| Isifo semiphunga | Iifungi emhlabeni okanye kwinkunkuma yeentaka | Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (umz. abo banezifo ezingapheliyo) basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo. |
| Ukuhamba ngeNyumonia | Intsholongwane iMycoplasma | Uhlobo lwe-pneumonia oluncinci. Ayifuni ukuphumla ebhedini. Ixhaphakile kubantu abancinci nakubantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo. |
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
Iimpawu ze-pneumonia zihlala ziqala ukubonakala kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye yezi.
- Ukukhwehlela: Ngokwesiqhelo kukho ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.
- Intlungu ebukhali esifubeni xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela: Ingathi kukugwaza ngemela.
- Umkhuhlane, ukubila , kunye nokubanda.
- Ukudinwa kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.
- Ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
- Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, okanye urhudo.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
- Imilebe okanye iinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: (Oku kusenokungabonakali kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama).
Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zabantu abadala nabantwana abancinci
Xa umntu omdala efumana i-pneumonia, usenokudideka ngendlela engaqhelekanga . Basenokuba nobushushu bomzimba obuphantsi, ngaphandle komkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
Iintsana ezincinci zisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo xa zifumana i-pneumonia. Kodwa kufuneka ukhathazeke ukuba azisebenzi njengesiqhelo, zihlala zidiniwe okanye ziphumla , ziyala ukusela ubisi, ziyahlanza, zinomkhuhlane, okanye zinengxaki yokuphefumla.
Ukuba uphefumla kancinci, ukhohlela rhoqo, iintlungu zesifuba eziqatha, okanye umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-38.9°C, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Izizathu ze-pneumonia kunye neendlela zokudlulisela
I-pneumonia yenzeka xa intsholongwane enamandla kakhulu ukuba imizimba yethu ingakwazi ukuyilawula ingena emiphungeni.
- Iintsholongwane: Zinokubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, i-RSV (imbangela ephambili ye-pneumonia kwiintsana), kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2, ebangela i-COVID-19.
- Iintsholongwane: Intsholongwane iPneumococcus yeyona nto ibangela i-pneumonia yebhaktiriya.
- I-pneumonia yokuphefumla: Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba into ethile, efana nokutya, isiselo, amathe, okanye ukuhlanza, ingena ngengozi kwindlela yomoya ize ingene emiphungeni. Abantu abangasebenzi kakuhle emqaleni ngenxa yokwenzakala engqondweni okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala ngokugqithisileyo basengozini enkulu.
Ngaba i-pneumonia iyosulela?
Ewe, i-pneumonia ebangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye ne-viral ingasasazeka. Abantu banokusasaza esi sifo ngokuphefumla amathontsi eentsholongwane akhutshwa emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ethetha, ekhohlela, okanye ethimla. Abantu banokusasaza esi sifo ngokuchukumisa indawo engcolileyo baze bachukumise umlomo okanye impumlo yabo.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imikhwa yakho, njengokuba uyatshaya na, nokuba kukho abanye abantu abagulayo ekhaya okanye emsebenzini. Emva koko uza kumamela esifubeni sakho nge-stethoscope. Ukuba une-pneumonia, unokuva izandi ezingaqhelekanga (ezirhabaxayo, ezivuthuzayo) ziphuma ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho xa uphefumla.
Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa isifo:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba kukho usulelo lwebhaktiriya.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba: Ukubona ngqo apho usulelo lukhona kwaye lusasazeke kangakanani.
- I-Pulse Oximetry: Isixhobo esifana ne-clip sibekwa emnweni size silinganise inqanaba le-oxygen egazini.
- Uvavanyo lwesikhohlela: Ukufumana intsholongwane ebangele usulelo.
Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu okanye unezinye izifo, kunokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ngakumbi, olufana ne-CT scan.
Inyangwa njani? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi intsholongwane ebangele i-pneumonia yakho, ukuba imbi kangakanani, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Kwi-pneumonia yebhaktiriya: Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza kanye njengoko exelelwe, ixesha elimiselweyo. Musa ukuyeka ukuwathatha kuba nje uzive ungcono kancinci.
- Kwi-pneumonia ebangelwa yintsholongwane: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukusela amanzi amaninzi (amanzi, isuphu, ipapa) , kunye nokusela amayeza omkhuhlane.
- Kwi-pneumonia yefungus: Kunikwa amayeza okulwa nefungus.
Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, unezinye iimeko zempilo, okanye usemngciphekweni weengxaki, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akulalise esibhedlele. Esibhedlele, unganikwa amayeza e-intravenous (IV), i-saline, kunye ne-oxygen.
Kungathatha iveki ukuya kwinyanga okanye nangaphezulu ukuze uphile. Ukudinwa komzimba kuya kuhlala malunga nenyanga. Ngoko ke musa ukungxama, phumla ngokwaneleyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuqalisa imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.
Ungayiphepha njani i-pneumonia?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela i-pneumonia ngaphambi kokuba ikhule kunokubandezeleka yiyo.
- Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
- Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo. Ukuba uyagula, zama ukungasasazi kwabanye.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo kwaye kuphephe ukuba phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo.
- Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-asthma okanye isifo seswekile, thatha unyango olufanelekileyo kuzo.
- Gonyelwa: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukufumana imijovo ye-pneumonia kunye ne-influenza kunika ukhuseleko olukhulu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ufumane imijovo efanelekileyo kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
- Gcina amasosha omzimba wakho eqinile ngokwenza umthambo olungileyo, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, nokulala kakuhle.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-pneumonia ayisiyonto ilula, sisifo semiphunga esinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni, umkhuhlane ophezulu, okanye ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo. Ukuba ugqirha unika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa lonke ixesha elimiselweyo.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-pneumonia kukufumana izitofu ezifanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Ukuphumla kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokuchacha. Nika umzimba wakho ixesha olidingayo ukuze uphile.
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