Khawucinge nje ukuba umntu ufumana umhlaza womlomo, okanye usulelo olukhulu kwithambo lomhlathi ongezantsi... ngamanye amaxesha inxalenye enesifo kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo ngotyando. Ngoko ke, kweli nqaku namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngotyando olubaluleke kakhulu olwenziwa kwimeko enjalo. Nangona le yingongoma enzima kancinci, masithethe ngayo ngokulula kangangoko.
Yintoni i-mandibulectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-mandibulectomy kukususwa kwenxalenye yomhlathi/ithambo lomhlathi elisezantsi okanye lonke ithambo lomhlathi elisezantsi. Oogqirha badla ngokwenza olu tyando ukuze basuse ithumba elinomhlaza okanye elinye icala lomhlathi elinesifo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-mandibular resection .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zolu tyando?
Olu tyando lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluNgaphelelanga (Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluNgaphantsi) | Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye encinci yomhlathi wakho ongezantsi. Oku kudla ngokuphelisa isidingo sotyando lokwakha kwakhona. |
| Utyando lweMandibulectomy oluSegmental | Kule nkqubo, inxalenye enkulu yomhlathi ongezantsi iyasuswa. Ke ngoko, umhlathi kufuneka wakhiwe ngokutsha. Ukuze benze oku, oogqirha bathatha ithambo, imithambo yegazi, kunye nezicubu ezivela kwelinye ilungu lomzimba wakho (umz., umlenze, igxalaba) ukuze baphinde bakhe umhlathi. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-free-flap reconstruction . |
Ulifumana phi ithambo lokuvuselela umhlathi wakho?
Kwi-segmental mandibulectomy, sithi iziqwenga zamathambo ezifunekayo ukwakha umhlathi zithathwa kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo koku zezi:
- Umlenze ongezantsi
- Ibhere legxalaba
- Inqulu
Kwezinye iimeko, iipleyiti zesinyithi okanye ithambo elivela kumntu onikelayo lingasetyenziswa kule njongo.
Ngubani odinga olu tyando?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu hlobo lotyando.
- Ukuba unomhlaza womlomo .
- Xa unomhlaza embindini womqala (umhlaza we-oropharyngeal) .
- Xa kukho usulelo olukhulu lwethambo lomhlathi (i-osteomyelitis) .
- Xa amayeza athile (unyango lwe-bisphosphonate) ebangela ukulahleka okukhulu kwamathambo emhlathini (i-osteonecrosis yomhlathi) .
- Xa kukho ukwenzakala okukhulu kumhlathi ongezantsi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo kule meko. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nabo ngokukhululekileyo nokusombulula imibuzo yakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu hlobo lotyando, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi, kuquka i-CT scan, ukuze kuhlolwe ngcono ubungakanani kunye nemeko yethumba emhlathini wakho.
Ukuba udinga utyando lokulungisa umhlathi, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yegazi kwindawo yomnikeli.
Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba uziphephe ezi zinto zilandelayo ngaphambi kotyando, kuba ezi zinto zinokunyusa ukopha ngexesha lotyando kwaye zilibazise ukuphola kwenxeba emva koko.
- Utywala
- Izithomalalisi zentlungu ezifana ne -aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen
- Ukutshaya
- Ezinye izongezo zemifuno
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Utyando lwe-mandibulectomy lutyando olude oluthatha iiyure ezininzi. Lwenziwa xa ulele phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele .
Kwi-Marginal Mandibulectomy...
1. Ugqirha uza kwenza utyando ngaphakathi esidleleni sakho.
2. Inxalenye yomhlaza yomhlathi ongezantsi kunye nezicubu ezijikeleze yona ziyasuswa.
3. Iziqwenga zithungwa zivaliwe ngasemva.
Kwi-Segmental Mandibulectomy...
Le yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi.
1. Okokuqala, umhlaza womhlathi kunye nezicubu eziwujikelezileyo ziyasuswa.
2. Iindawo ezisusiweyo zithunyelwa kwi-biopsy ukujonga ukuba zisekhona na iiseli zomhlaza.
3. Kukwajongwa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes.
4. Emva koko, iqhekeza lethambo, izicubu, kunye nolusu lithathwa kwindawo emiselweyo (njengomlenze, igxalaba, njl.njl.).
5. Ithambo elikhutshiweyo lenziwe ngendlela yokuba lilingane nenxalenye yomhlathi esusiweyo.
6. Imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi) evela kwindawo eqokelelweyo iqhagamshelwe kwimithambo yegazi entloko nasentanyeni. Oku kwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu.
7. Ekugqibeleni, umhlathi omtsha uqiniswe ngeepleyiti kunye nezikrufu, kwaye imingxunya ivalwe nge-suture.
Emva kotyando, unokufuna ezinye zezi zinto:
- Iibhari ze-arch kunye neebhanti zerabha ngaphakathi emlonyeni ukugcina amazinyo kunye nomhlathi zihambelana.
- Ityhubhu ye-tracheostomy yokukunceda uphefumle.
- Ityhubhu yokondla yityhubhu edluliselwa ukusuka empumlweni ukuya esiswini ukuze inike isondlo esifanelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nokugcina amanxeba akho ecocekile nokutya . Ekuqaleni, kunokufuneka utye ukutya okumanzi okanye ngetyhubhu yokondla. Kwakhona thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulawula iintlungu zakho.
Ngexesha lokuphiliswa, ungadinga unyango lokuthetha kunye nonyango lomzimba. Ukuba ubunomhlaza, unyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy nayo ingacetyiswa ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo emva kokubuya ekhaya emva kotyando. Lumka kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:
| Uphawu ekufuneka luqwalaselwe |
|---|
| Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-100.5 Fahrenheit (38.05 Celsius) |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu engapheziyo nangona usela iintlungu zokuphelisa iintlungu |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) |
| Ukudumba okukhulu (i-angioedema) kwindawo yotyando okanye kwenye indawo |
| Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza |
| Imeko efana nokurhawuzelela kwesikhumba |
Ukuba ubona into efana nale, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mandibulectomy lutyando olukhulu olusetyenziselwa iimeko ezinzima ezifana nomhlaza womlomo kunye nosulelo olunzima.
- Kule meko, kususwa inxalenye encinci okanye enkulu yomhlathi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umhlathi wakhiwa ngokutsha kusetyenziswa ithambo elithathwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
- Inkqubo yokuphiliswa ithatha ixesha kwaye ifuna inkxaso yeqela lezonyango, kuquka oogqirha kunye neengcali zempilo yokuthetha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela yonke imiyalelo ugqirha wakho akunika yona ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo emva kotyando, musa ukulibazisa kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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