Ngaba nawe unengxaki yosulelo lwendlebe rhoqo? Ngaba unengxaki efana nokuphuma kobofu endlebeni, iintlungu zendlebe, kunye nokulahlekelwa kukuva kancinci kancinci? Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela weengxaki zendlebe ezingapheliyo unokuba lusulelo kwithambo elingasemva kwendlebe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, utyando olukhethekileyo olucetyiswa ngoogqirha lubizwa ngokuba yiMastoidectomy. Nangona eli gama lingaqhelekanga, olu lutyando oluye lwazisa isiqabu kubomi babantu abaninzi. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni iMastoidectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-mastoidectomy kukususwa kwethambo elinosulelo emva kwendlebe yakho ngotyando.
Khawuthelekelele, emva kweendlebe zethu, njengenxalenye yekhakayi, kukho ithambo elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Mastoid'. Eli asilothambo liqinileyo. Lifana nehoneycomb, okanye isiponji, elizaliswe ziiseli zomoya ezincinci ngaphakathi. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi kufuneka zibe sempilweni. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba usulelo lwendlebe, ingakumbi usulelo lwendlebe ephakathi ('otitis media'), alulawulwa, olu sulelo lunokusasazeka luye kwiiseli zomoya ezingaphakathi kwithambo le-mastoid. Kulapho ingxaki iqala khona. I-Mastoidectomy lutyando lokususa ezi seli zomoya zisulelekileyo nezigulayo.
Kutheni kufuneka wenze i-Mastoidectomy?
Kusenokuba kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba umntu abe nolu tyando.
- Usulelo lwendlebe oluqhubekayo: Abanye abantu banesulelo lwendlebe oluqhubekayo. Olu tyando lunokuba yimfuneko xa usulelo lusiba nzima kakhulu ukuba lulawulwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane luze lusasazeke kwithambo le-mastoid.
- I-Cholesteatoma: Eli lityala elikhethekileyo. I-Cholesteatoma kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zolusu okungenamhlaza. Ihlala ikhula kwindlebe ephakathi, emva kwe-eardrum. Inokwenzeka njengengxaki yosulelo lwendlebe oluphindaphindwayo. Njengoko oku kukhula kukhula, kunokonakalisa amathambo athambileyo (amathambo amancinci endlebeni anceda ekuveni) kunye nemithambo-luvo eyijikelezileyo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka i-mastoidectomy ukuze isuswe ngokupheleleyo.
- Utyando lweCochlear Implant: Kwezinye iimeko, olu tyando lwenziwa njengenxalenye yotyando lwe-cochlear implant ukubuyisela ukuva endlebeni.
- Ukuqhekeka kwe-eardrum: Umntu onomdumba we-eardrum oqhekekileyo unokwenziwa i-mastoidectomy kunye notyando lokuyilungisa (tympanoplasty).
Ngaba kukho iintlobo zolu tyando?
Ewe, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima bemeko yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando olukulungeleyo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Yintoni eyenziwayo | Amanqaku akhethekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| I-Mastoidectomy elula (Utyando olulula lweMastoidectomy) | Kuphela ziigumbi zomoya ezinentsholongwane ezikwithambo le-mastoid ezisuswayo. | Ayibangeli monakalo kumjelo wendlebe okanye kwiindawo eziphakathi kwendlebe. |
| Utyando lweMastoid oluseludongeni lomjelo (Utyando lweTympanomastoidectomy) | Kususwa amathambo amaninzi kunakwindlela elula yotyando, ukuze kufikelelwe kwiindawo zendlebe ephakathi, njengamathambo amancinci (ii-ossicles) anceda ekuveni. | Kule meko, umjelo wendlebe ukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo. |
| Utyando lweMastoidectomy oluvela eludongeni lomjelo (Utyando lweMastoidectomy oluQhelekileyo okanye oluGuquliweyo) | Oku kwenziwa ukuba umjelo wendlebe wonakele ngenxa yemeko yempilo okanye ukuba umjelo kufuneka ususwe ukuze kususwe ngokupheleleyo isifo. Kule nkqubo, umjelo wendlebe kunye nethambo le-mastoid ziyadityaniswa ukuze kwenziwe umjelo omkhulu (umjelo we-mastoid). | Oku kwenziwa xa isifo sihambele phambili kakhulu okanye xa ezinye iindlela zotyando zingaphumelelanga. Ukuvulwa kwendlebe nako kuyandiswa ukuze kube lula ukucoca esi sithuba kwixesha elizayo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando...
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika uluhlu lwemiyalelo ekufuneka uyilandele ngaphambi kotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela ngokuchanekileyo. Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukuthatha amayeza athile (afana ne-blood thinners). Ekubeni olu tyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, oko kuthetha ukuba ulele ngokupheleleyo, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele umntu omthembileyo ukuba akuqhubele esibhedlele nasekhaya emva kotyando.
Ngexesha lotyando...
Awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando. Ugqirha uza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Kwenziwa i-incision yesikhumba emva kwendlebe, ifikelele kwithambo le-mastoid. Ugqirha uqinisekisa ukuba le incision iyenzeka ngendlela eya kwenza inxeba lingabonakali kamva.
2. Ukuvula ithambo: Ithambo le-mastoid livulwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
3. Ukususwa kweendawo ezineentsholongwane: Amagumbi omoya achaphazelekileyo kunye nezinye izicwili ezineentsholongwane zisuswa ngononophelo.
4. Ukugquma: Inxeba liyavalwa kwakhona kwaye ligqunywe.
5. Ukugquma inxeba: Inxeba ligqunywe nge-gauze ecocekileyo.
Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini okanye ezintathu ukugqitywa.
Khumbula, awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lotyando, kodwa kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ungakhululekanga emva kotyando.
Ngaba kukho iintlungu emva kotyando?
Ukusikwa emva kwendlebe kunokubangela iintlungu ezithile, ukuziva ubunzima endlebeni, okanye ukuziva uvalelekile. Ezi ziimeko eziqhelekileyo. Ukulawula le ntlungu, ungasebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anjenge-paracetamol (`acetaminophen`) okanye i-ibuprofen, njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo yokukunceda uhlale ukhululekile ngexesha lokuphiliswa. Yilandele ngononophelo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, iMastoidectomy ineenzuzo kunye neengozi.
| Iingenelo | Iingozi |
|---|---|
|
|
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa kwaye zithini iziphumo?
Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kwimisebenzi yalo yesiqhelo (emsebenzini, esikolweni) malunga neveki okanye ezimbini.
Utyando lwe-Mastoidectomy ludla ngokuba yimpumelelo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zixhomekeke kwisizathu sotyando kunye nohlobo lotyando olwenziweyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba injongo ephambili yolu tyando ayikokubuyisela ukuva, kodwa kukukhusela ubomi bakho ngokususa usulelo olunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu. Kuqhelekile ukuba ube nokulahlekelwa kukuva, ngakumbi emva kotyando olukhulu olufana ne-Radical Mastoidectomy. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku kwangaphambili.
Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo , kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Umkhuhlane we-100.5 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) okanye ngaphezulu.
- Ukopha kakhulu okanye ulwelo olufana nobovu oluvela endlebeni.
- Inkangeleko ebuthathaka okanye engenabomi kwelinye icala lobuso.
- Isiyezi (vertigo) okanye intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngequbuliso.
Ukuba unezifo zendlebe ezingapheliyo, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. I-mastoidectomy isenokuba sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwingxaki yakho. Olu tyando lunokususa usulelo kwaye luphucule impilo yakho iyonke kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mastoidectomy lutyando lokususa usulelo kwithambo le-mastoid elingasemva kwendlebe.
- Oku kwenziwa ikakhulu ukususa usulelo lwendlebe oluqhubekayo kunye nohlobo lwethumba olubizwa ngokuba yi-cholesteatoma.
- Injongo ephambili yolu tyando kukususa usulelo, olunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu, endaweni yokuphucula ukuva.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kanye emva kotyando kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo emva kotyando, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukopha kakhulu, okanye ubuthathaka bobuso, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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