Xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando olukhulu kwinxalenye yobuso bakho, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nokothuka. Ngexesha elinjalo, kukho imibuzo emininzi efika engqondweni. "Luhlobo luni lotyando olu? Kuza kwenzeka ntoni kum? Ngaba inkangeleko yam iya kutshintsha?" Kungokwemvelo ukucinga izinto ezinje. Ngoko ke namhlanje sithetha ngotyando oluyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha lubalulekile ukusindisa ubomi. Olu lutyando lwe-maxillectomy.
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Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-maxillectomy?
I-maxillectomy kukususwa komhlathi wonke okanye inxalenye yomhlathi wakho ongaphezulu (i-maxilla). Cinga ngale ndlela: i-maxilla yinxalenye yomhlathi wakho ehleli phezu komlebe wakho ongaphezulu, kumacala omabini empumlo yakho, kwaye apho amazinyo akho angaphezulu aphumla khona. Emva kolu tyando, kufuneka utyando lokwakha kwakhona ukuze ubuyisele inxalenye esusiweyo.
Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukwenza olu hlobo lotyando?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, esona sizathu solu tyando ngumhlaza. Olu tyando lucetyiswa ngakumbi ukuba umhlaza ukhule okanye usasazeke kula malungu omzimba wakho.
- Umhlaza we-maxilla .
- Umhlaza wempumlo.
- Umhlaza owenzeka eluphahleni lomlomo ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza womlomo.
- Iithumba zeSinonasal .
Ukongeza, olu tyando ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba yimfuneko ngenxa yosulelo olukhulu lwefungus (invasive fungal sinusitis) . Oku kubangelwa lusulelo olukhulu kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu kwimiqolo ye-sinus xa iintlobo ezithile zefungus ziphefumlwa.
Ingaba umhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela ohlala ususwa?
Hayi. Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwizicubu ezikufutshane, ezinye zezo zicubu kunokufuneka zisuswe. Kwimeko enjalo, zonke okanye inxalenye yezi zilandelayo zingasuswa:
- Iliso
- Inkalakahla eqinileyo
- Umthambo onika imvakalelo kulusu oluphantsi kweliso
- Amathambo ajikeleze iliso (i-Orbit/isocket yeliso)
- Umgangatho ojikeleze i-orbital
- Amazinyo asele kumhlathi ongaphezulu asuswayo
- Umbhobho wokukrazula
Esi sigqibo senziwe liqela leengcali, ezifunda ngononophelo ubungakanani bomhlaza, indlela osasazeke ngayo, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, ezifana novavanyo olufana ne-MRI kunye ne-CT scans. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zonke iinkcukacha.
Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando lwe-maxillectomy?
Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba. Ukuze kube lula kuwe ukuqonda, makhe sijonge ezi ntlobo kwitheyibhile.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Yintoni eyenziwayo nje |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweMaxillectomy oluPhakathi | Ukususwa komhlathi ongaphezulu kunye namazinyo anxulumene nawo kufutshane nempumlo. Idla ngokwenziwa kubantu abanomhlaza ngaphakathi empumlweni, ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-endoscope efakwe ngempumlo. |
| Isiseko seMaxillectomy | Ukususwa kwenxalenye esezantsi yomhlathi ongaphezulu, amazinyo, kunye nencasa ephezulu. Oku kudala umngxuma kwincasa ephezulu. Izicubu ezithathwe kwenye inxalenye yomzimba okanye iprosthetic ekhethekileyo ziyafuneka ukuze zivalwe. |
| Utyando lweMaxillectomy oluPhakathi | Ukususwa kwenxalenye engentla yomhlathi ongaphezulu. Oku kunokubandakanya ukususa iindawo ezifana neliso, amathambo ajikeleze iliso, kunye nombhobho wokukrazula. Kufuneka utyando olukhulu lokwakha. Nangona iliso lokufakelwa linokubuyisela inkangeleko, alinakubuyisela ukubona. |
| I-Subtotal (Inxalenye) ye-Maxillectomy | Ukususa inxalenye yomhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela usebenzisa enye yeendlela ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. |
| I-Maxillectomy iyonke | Ukususwa komhlathi ongaphezulu wonke, incasa engasentla, kunye nenkxaso yamathambo phantsi kweliso kwelinye icala lobuso. Kufuna utyando olukhulu lokwakha ngokutsha kunye nezixhobo zokufakelwa. |
Ziziphi ezinye izinto ezifunekayo kolu tyando?
Kusenokufuneka ujongane nezinye izinto ngexesha okanye emva kolu tyando.
- Ukubekwa kwetyhubhu yokutyisa: Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kubonelelwe ngesondlo kuba kunzima ukuthabatha ukutya ngomlomo.
- I-Dacryocystorhinostomy: Olu tyando lwenziwa ukulawula ukuphuma kweenyembezi emehlweni (ukunkcenkceshela) ukuba umbhobho weenyembezi ususiwe.
- Ukuqhaqha intamo: Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph entanyeni, ziyasuswa.
- I-Tracheostomy yokukunceda uphefumle: Ukuba ukudumba ebusweni bakho emva kotyando kucingelwa ukuba kuchaphazela indlela yakho yomoya, umngxuma omncinci unokwenziwa ngaphambili entanyeni yakho kwaye ityhubhu inokufakwa ukuze ikuncede uphefumle okwethutyana.
- Utyando lokwakha ngokutsha: Olu lubalulekile ekubuyiseleni iindawo ezisusiweyo ebusweni.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zotyando?
Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukuba isusa izicwili ezinomhlaza kwaye yandisa amathuba okusinda .
Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na utyando olukhulu, kukho iingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka.
- Ukopha kunye nokudumba (Hematoma).
- Amahlwili egazi.
- Iliso elisezantsi eligobileyo.
- Iingxaki ngokusebenza kombhobho we-Eustachian, odibanisa indlebe nomqala.
- Usulelo.
- Ukungaziva mnandi esidleleni ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo.
- Ukunkcenkceshela amehlo rhoqo (i-Epiphora).
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukufundisa ngale mingcipheko.
Izinto ekufuneka uzazi malunga nexesha lokuchacha
Ukuchacha kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
Ngethuba ndisesibhedlele
Ngexesha lokuqala lokuchacha, ungalindela oku:
- Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeeveki ezimbini , ingakumbi ukuba wenze utyando olukhulu lokwakha umzimba.
- Uza kunikwa amayeza okunyanga iintlungu, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kunye nokuthintela usulelo.
- Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo iya kunikwa nge-tracheostomy.
- Isondlo esongezelelweyo siya kubonelelwa ngetyhubhu yokondla.
Emva kokubuya esibhedlele
- Kuphephe ukusebenza nzima ude uphile.
- Yitya izinto ezimanzi kunye nokutya okuthambileyo kuphela de amanxeba otyando aphole.
- Kuphephe ukutya okushushu neziselo , kuba ezinye iindawo zomlomo wakho zisenokuba ndindisholo.
Ukuchacha kungathatha iinyanga, ingakumbi ukuze uphinde ukwazi ukuthetha nokuginya. Umonde ubalulekile.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ukudumba kuyanda ngendlela engaqhelekanga .
- Ukuba uziva kunzima ukuphefumla .
- Umkhuhlane (oku kungaba luphawu losulelo).
- Ukuba kukho intlungu engenakulawuleka nokuba sele usele amayeza okudambisa iintlungu.
Iingcali zokukunceda ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho
Olu asilohambo omele uluhambe wedwa. Kukho iqela leengcali ezinokukunceda.
- Iingcali zezondlo: Nika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokufumana izondlo ozifunayo, nokuba kunzima ukutya.
- Iingcali zonyango okanye ze-radiation oncologists: Ziququzelela ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ezifana ne-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation therapy.
- Iingcali zokulungisa amazinyo: Zikunceda ufumane amandla okutya ngamazinyo akhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokwenziwa.
- Iingcali zonyango lokuthetha: Zikunceda ufunde ukuthetha, ukuginya, nokutya kwakhona.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona i-maxillectomy ilutyando olukhulu, idla ngokuba lunyango olusindisa ubomi.
- Ukuchacha yinkqubo ethatha ixesha nomonde. Kusenokufuneka uziqeqeshe kwakhona ukuthetha nokuginya.
- Inkangeleko yakho ingatshintsha, kodwa ingabuyiselwa kwimeko entle ngotyando lokwakha ngokutsha kunye nezixhobo zokufakelwa.
- Kukho iqela elikhulu loogqirha, iingcali zonyango lwentetho, kunye neengcali zokutya ukuze zikuncede kolu hambo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
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