Ngaba unamabala amdaka ebusweni bakho? Masithethe nge-melasma!

Xa ujonga ubuso bakho esipilini, ngequbuliso ubona amabala amdaka awayengekho ngaphambili. La mabala abonakala ngakumbi ezidleleni zakho, ebunzini, nasemlonyeni ophezulu. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa uzibona ezi. Uninzi lwexesha, le meko yileyo siyibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuthi "iMelasma." Oku akuyongozi, kodwa kuyacaphukisa kancinci. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngemelasma ngokucacileyo nangokulula.

Yintoni kanye kanye iMelasma?

Ngamafutshane, i-melasma sisifo esixhaphakileyo kulusu. Sibangela ukuba kuvele amabala okanye amabala amdaka ngombala okhanyayo, amdaka ngombala omnyama, okanye ngamanye amaxesha anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ongwevu kwiindawo ezithile kulusu lwethu, ingakumbi ebusweni. Ezi azizo iindawo eziphakamileyo kulusu, kodwa ziinguqu nje kumbala lolusu.

La mabala abonakala kakhulu ezidleleni, ebunzini, empumlweni, emlonyeni ongentla, nasesilevini. Abanye abantu banokuba nawo nasezingalweni nasemva kwentamo. Le meko ixhaphakile kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngoko abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi "mask of pregnancy." Ukuba une-melasma, uya kuqaphela ukuba la mabala aba mnyama ngexesha lelanga aze anyamalale kancinci ngexesha lemvula.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sethu

Ukuze sikuqonde oku, makhe sifunde kancinci ngolusu lwethu. Ulusu lwethu luneengqimba ezintathu eziphambili. Ulusu oluphezulu lubizwa ngokuba yi-epidermis. Kukwi-epidermis apho sifumana khona uhlobo lweseli olunika ulusu lwethu umbala walo. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-melanocytes .

Cinga ngezi melanocytes njengeefektri ezincinci ezivelisa umbala eluswini lwethu. I-pigment eveliswa zezi fektri ibizwa ngokuba yi-melanin . Xa siphuma elangeni, ulusu lwethu luba mnyama kuba imveliso yale melanin iyanda.

Okwenzekayo kumntu one-melasma kukuba ezi seli zibizwa ngokuba yi-melanocytes kwiindawo ezithile zesikhumba zisebenza ngakumbi. Ezi seli zikhuthazwa zizinto ezifana nokukhanya kwelanga kunye notshintsho lweehomoni, kwaye zivelisa i-melanin eninzi kakhulu kwezo ndawo kuphela. Zizo ezo ndawo apho i-melanin engaphezulu ifakwa khona ezibonakala ngathi ziindawo ezimdaka.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-melasma?

Ewe, i-melasma inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kubunzulu be-melanin pigment efakwe eluswini. Ugqirha angaluchonga olu hlobo esebenzisa isibane esikhethekileyo (`isibane sikaWood`).

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-melasma?

Nangona nabani na enokuba ne-melasma, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abafazi: Ama-90% abantu abafumana i-melasma ngabafazi. Ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kumadoda.
• Oomama abakhulelweyo: Umngcipheko wokuba ne-melasma uphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yotshintsho lwehomoni oluyenzeka emzimbeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama: Abantu abanesikhumba esimdaka kancinci banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-melasma kunabo banesikhumba esimhlophe.
• Abantu abasebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala: Iihomoni ezikwiipilisi zokulawula ukuzala (`Oral Contraceptives`) nazo zinokubangela okanye ziyenze mandundu i-melasma.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onaso: Ukuba isalamane esisondeleyo, njengomama okanye udadewenu, sine-melasma, unethuba elincinci lokuba nayo ibe nayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho impembelelo yemfuza.

Ingaba oku kungaba ngumhlaza? Ingaba kuyabuhlungu?

Olu luloyiko olukhulu nokuthandabuza kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa impendulo yalo icacile.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi apha. Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza wolusu unokubonakala ngathi yimelasma. Ngoko ke, ukuba unendawo entsha kwaye uyayikrokrela, kungcono kwaye kukhuselekile ukubona ugqirha, ingakumbi ingcali yesikhumba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yiyo kanye loo nto.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-melasma?

Akukho nto inye ebangela i-melasma. Ingabangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo.

• Ukukhanya kwelanga: Olu lolona tshaba luphambili. Imitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) elangeni ivuselela iiseli ezivelisa i-melanin. Yiyo loo nto amabala eba mnyama xa umntu one-melasma esiya elangeni.
• Utshintsho lweehomoni: Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, kunye nonyango lweehomoni, amanqanaba e-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone emzimbeni ayatshintsha. Olu tshintsho luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-melasma.
• Izithambiso eziyingozi: Ezinye iisepha ezinevumba elimnandi, izithambiso, kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lolusu ezibangela i-allergy kulusu nazo zinokunyusa i-melasma.
• Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza esifo sokuwa kunye namayeza enza ulusu lube buthathaka elangeni (amayeza anetyhefu) nawo anokubangela i-melasma.
• Ukukhanya okuvela kwizikrini ze-LED: Ngoku kufunyenwe ukuba ukuchatshazelwa ixesha elide kukukhanya okuphuma kwiifowuni, iilaptop, iitablet, kunye nezikrini zeTV esizisebenzisa imini yonke nako kunokuba nefuthe kwi-melasma.
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid: Abantu abane-hypothyroidism nabo basengozini yokuba ne-melasma.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-melasma?

I-Melasma yimeko enokuba nzima ukuyinyanga kwaye ifuna umonde. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi emva kokukhulelwa, la mabala ayaphela ngokwawo. Kodwa oko akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu.

Xa sithetha ngonyango, into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenze kukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu.

1. Ukukhuselwa lilanga (le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!)

Nokuba wenza luphi unyango, ukuba awuzikhuseli elangeni, konke kuya kuba lilize.

• Sebenzisa isithambisi selanga yonke imihla: Nokuba lilanga, lifu, okanye lingaphakathi endlwini, zenze umkhwa wokusebenzisa isithambisi selanga kusasa. Khetha enye ene -SPF 30-50 ubuncinane.
• Phinda ufake i-sunscreen rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu: Kufuneka uphinde ufake i-sunscreen, ingakumbi ukuba uyabila okanye usebenza ngaphandle.
• Sebenzisa umnqwazi obanzi kunye nesambulela:Kuphephe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo ebusweni bakho nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.

2. Iintlobo zamayeza asetyenziswa kwiindawo eziphathwayo

Ugqirha uza kuvavanya imeko yakho aze akunike ikhrimu efanelekileyo. Le khrimu isebenza ngokulawula ukuveliswa kwemibala yolusu.

• I-Hydroquinone: Iyeza elisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-melasma.
• I-Azelaic acid: Iyeza elikhuselekileyo elingasetyenziswa nangabafazi abakhulelweyo.
• I-Tretinoin: Le ikwaliyeza elinceda ekuvuseleleni iiseli zolusu.
• Ezinye izithako: Kukwakho neekhrimu eziqulethe izinto ezifana nevithamini C, i-kojic acid, kunye ne-tranexamic acid.

3. Ezinye iindlela zonyango

Ukuba izinto zokuthambisa zodwa aziboneleli ngeziphumo, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokwenziwa ngoogqirha besikhumba.

• I-Chemical peel: Indlela yokususa umaleko ophezulu wesikhumba usebenzisa ikhemikhali ekhethekileyo.
• Unyango lweLaser: Indlela yokususa umbala ogqithisileyo eluswini kusetyenziswa imisebe yokukhanya.

Olu nyango lwe-melasma ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe yingcali enamava nefanelekileyo , kungenjalo imeko inokuba mandundu.