Xa usiya kwindlu yangasese uze ubone ukuba isitulo sakho sinombala omnyama owahlukileyo, ongaqhelekanga kunesiqhelo, wonke umntu uyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Zininzi izinto ezifika engqondweni. "Ingaba oku kuyingozi? Kutheni oku kusenzeka kum?" Kuqhelekile ukucinga. Olu luphawu olungafanele lutyeshelwe, kwaye lunokubaluleka kakhulu. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesi situlo simnyama, esibizwa ngokuba yiMelena ngokwezonyango.
Yintoni uMelena?
Ngamafutshane, i-melena yi -darry chain emnyama, ebangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi kwinxalenye ephezulu yenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya, oko kukuthi , esiswini okanye kwinxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci .
Khawuthelekelele, nangona igazi libomvu, njengoko lihamba lisuka esiswini liye emathunjini, lisabela kwiikhemikhali zokugaya ukutya emzimbeni wethu. Kanye njengokuba iqhekeza lesinyithi ligqwala xa livezwa elangeni, njengoko eli gazi lihamba kwindlela yokugaya ukutya ixesha elide, umbala walo uyatshintsha kwaye liba mnyama, linamathele, kwaye lihlale ixesha elide. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-melena.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-melena kunye ne-black stool eqhelekileyo?
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba ayilo lonke ixesha isitulo sakho sitshintsha sibe mnyama, kungenxa yokopha. Ukutya okuthile kunye namayeza anokubangela ukuba isitulo sakho sibe mnyama. Kuphela xa ugqirha ehlola isitulo sakho aze aqinisekise ukuba kukho igazi kuso apho sibizwa ngokuba yi-melena.
Masiwubone ngokucacileyo lo mahluko.
| Uphawu | UMelena - Ngenxa yegazi | Indle emnyama eqhelekileyo (ngenxa yokutya okanye amayeza) |
|---|---|---|
| Umbala | Umnyama omnyama kakhulu (umnyama ojiyileyo). | Inokuba mnyama, kodwa inokuba mdaka okanye luhlaza. |
| Ukungaguquguquki | Iyanamathela kwaye inamathela njengetha. | Inobume obufanayo nesihlalo esiqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokunamathela. |
| Ivumba | Kukho ivumba elibi kakhulu nelingathandekiyo . Oko kungenxa yokugaywa kwegazi. | Ivumba eliqhelekileyo, akukho vumba limbi likhethekileyo. |
Kuthekani ukuba kukho igazi eliphuma kwinxalenye esezantsi?
Usenokuzibuza ukuba kutheni kungekuko konke ukopha okumnyama. Isizathu kukuba ukopha kuvela phi. Ukuba ukopha kuvela kwindawo esezantsi kwindlela yokugaya ukutya, njengamathumbu amakhulu, akuthathi xesha lide ukuba igazi liphume. Yiyo loo nto liphuma esitulweni njengombala obomvu oqaqambileyo .
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zeMelena?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela ukopha kwamathumbu aphezulu, ezinye zazo ziyingozi kakhulu.
- Isifo sesilonda sePeptic: Esi sesona sizathu sixhaphakileyo. Ezi zilonda zinokuvela xa imeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-gastritis iba mandundu.
- Ukudumba okukhulu kwesisu okanye i-esophagus (i-gastritis okanye i-esophagitis): Udonga lwesisu okanye i-esophagus (umbhobho wokutya) luyadumba kwaye luvuvuke.
- I-acute hemorrhagic erosive gastropathy: Amanye amayeza, anjengeentlungu zokuphelisa iintlungu, okanye ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukuba udonga lwesisu lubole kwaye luphume igazi.
- Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu: Ukugqobhoka kwendlela yokugaya ukutya ngenxa yengozi okanye esinye isizathu.
- Imithambo yeVaricose kwi-esophagus okanye esiswini: Imithambo yeVaricose kwi-esophagus nakwisisu, ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo sesibindi, inokudumba kwaye iqhekeke, nto leyo ebangela ukopha okukhulu.
- Ukukrazuka komqala ngenxa yokuhlanza kakhulu: Xa uhlanza rhoqo nangamandla amaninzi, umqala ungakrazuka uze wophe igazi.
- Iimeko zomhlaza: Iimeko zomhlaza esiswini, emsophini, okanye kwi-pancreas nazo zinokubangela ukopha.
- Izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana ne-Ebola: Nangona ezi zingaqhelekanga eSri Lanka, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane zinokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
Ezinye izizathu zokuba indle inokuba mnyama ngaphandle kokopha
Ngaphambi kokuba woyike, cinga ukuba ezi zinto zikwabangela ukuba isitulo sakho sibe mnyama na.
- Iipilisi zentsimbi: Kuqhelekile ukuba indle ibe mnyama xa usela iipilisi zentsimbi xa une-anemia. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akukho nto ixhalabisayo.
- Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile aqulethe i-bismuth subsalicylate, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki zesisu, anokubangela nendle emnyama.
- I-charcoal esebenzayo:Eli yeza, elinikwa xa kutyiwa ityhefu, likwabangela ukuba isitulo sibe mnyama.
- Ukutya okumnyama: Ukutya ukutya okuninzi okumnyama, okufana nesoseji yegazi, iiblueberries, kunye neediliya ezimfusa, kunokutshintsha umbala wendle yakho.
Kutheni kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwaye zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?
Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba uneMelena, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha, endaweni yokuqikelela nje ekhaya. Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo, enze uvavanyo olufunekayo, aze afumane unobangela.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, kubalulekile ukufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo wokopha. Oku kungenziwa ngokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi le-Fecal Occult: Oku kunokufumanisa ukuba kukho igazi elincinci elikwisitulo elingabonakaliyo emehlweni.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Lunokukunika umbono wokuba umzimba wakho ulahlekelwe ligazi elingakanani kwaye yintoni ebangela ukopha.
- Iiskeni: Uvavanyo olufana ne-CT scan okanye i-CT angiogram lunokunceda ekufumaneni indawo yokopha.
- I-Upper endoscopy (uvavanyo lwe-EGD): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolwenziwa rhoqo. Ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ifakwa ngomlomo ize ihlolwe umphimbo, isisu, kunye nokuqala kwamathumbu amancinci. Oku kunokunceda ukubona ngqo apho ukopha kukhoyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunyangwe ngoko nangoko, kwaye kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci lethishu ukuze lihlolwe ('i-biopsy').
Iimpawu zomngcipheko ezifuna ukungeniswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba unezi mpawu kunye nendle emnyama, yiya kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza, kuba ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokopha kakhulu.
- Ukuhlanza igazi (elibomvu okanye elimdaka njengekofu).
- Isiyezi esinzima, ukuziva utyhafile, kunye nokuquleka.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Isihlalo esimnyama iintsuku ezininzi zilandelelana.
Khumbula, ukopha ngaphakathi kuhlala kuyimeko enzima. Xa uqaphela indle emnyama, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sele kudlule iintsuku ezininzi ukopha kuqalile. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Indle emnyama, ehlala ixesha elide (melena) luphawu olukhulu lokopha, oludla ngokuba kwinxalenye ephezulu yendlela yokugaya ukutya (njengesisu).
- Indle emnyama isenokungasoloko ibangelwa kukopha. Izongezo zentsimbi, amayeza athile, kunye nokutya nazo zinokubangela oku.
- I-Melena ibonakala ngevumba elibi kakhulu, elingathandekiyo kwi-tummy. Olu luphawu oluhle lokuyahlula kwi-tummy eqhelekileyo emnyama.
- Ukuba indle emnyama ihamba nezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngentlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza, okanye isiyezi esiqatha, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-melena, musa ukulibazisa kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinzima ezifana nokuhlanza igazi, isiyezi esinzima, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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