Masifunde ngesiyobisi iMercaptopurine (6-MP)?

Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukunike iMercaptopurine okanye umntu omaziyo? Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba yintoni le yeza, yintoni eliyenzayo, indlela yokulisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko ekufuneka uwathathe. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Luhlobo luni lweyeza iMercaptopurine?

Ngamafutshane, iMercaptopurine, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-6-MP, liyeza elithintela ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza . Ngokukodwa, likwiqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-chemotherapy. Isebenza ngokuthintela iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zingahlukani kwaye zikhule ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha ikwasetyenziselwa ukucinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga iintlobo ezithile ze-leukemia ebukhali.

Cinga ngayo, iiseli emzimbeni wethu zihlala zihlukana kwaye zihlaziya. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa kumhlaza, ezinye iiseli ziqala ukwahlukana ngokukhawuleza, zingalawuleki. I-Mercaptopurine inceda ekumiseni ukwahlukana kweeseli okukhawulezileyo nokungalawulekiyo.

Ugqirha wakho angakunika eli yeza lesinye isifo. Ngoko ke ukuba unemibuzo, kungcono ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye ikhemisti. Eli yeza lisenokuba phantsi kwamagama eempawu ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ulibonile libizwa ngokuba yiPURIXAN.

Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndizixelele ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba ndiqalise eli yeza?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa la mayeza, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lakho lokhathalelo. Olu lwazi luza kubanceda bagqibe ukuba la mayeza akulungele na kwaye banike malini. Qiniseka ukuba ubaxelela ezi zinto, kulungile?

• Ukuba unesifo sezintso .
• Ukuba unesifo sesibindi .
• Ukuba amanqanaba eeseli zakho zegazi aphantsi (umzekelo, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziphantsi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, okanye iiplatelets), ugqirha wakho uya kuzijonga ezi ngxelo zegazi.
• Ukuba unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-nucleotide diphosphatase (NUDT15) deficiency (esi sisifo semfuza, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukwenza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ukujonga oku).
• Kulungile ukuba usandul' ukufumana isitofu sokugonya okanye uza kusifumana kungekudala.
• Ukuba unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) deficiency (esi sisifo semfuza esifana ne-NUDT15, kwaye sinokutshintsha indlela elisebenza ngayo iyeza emzimbeni).
• Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy engaqhelekanga kwi-mercaptopurine, elinye iyeza, ukutya, iidayi, okanye izithinteli.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe , kulungile?Ukuba unethemba lokuba nomntwana , oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo .

Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?

Le yi-suspension ethethwa ngomlomo. Ufanele uyithathe kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele yona, ngokwemiyalelo ekwileyibhile kagqirha.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukushukumisa ibhotile kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise iyeza . Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba izithako zixutywe kakuhle kwaye ufumana idosi echanekileyo oyifunayo.

Ukuze ulinganise iyeza, sebenzisa kuphela isirinji yokulinganisa ekhethekileyo eza neyeza. Musa ukulinganisa ngeetispuni zasekhaya okanye iipuni, kuba azinakulinganisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo. Funda imiyalelo yokusebenzisa ngononophelo kwiphakheji yeyeza. Ichaza amanyathelo inyathelo ngenyathelo.

Sela amayeza akho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo . Musa ukuthatha ngaphezu kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, okanye uwathathe rhoqo. Kwakhona, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza akho ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho . Ukwenza njalo kunokuchaphazela imeko yakho.

Wenza ntoni xa unika abantwana eli yeza?

Oogqirha bakwanika abantwana eli yeza kwiimeko ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele xa ulinika abantwana. Ke ngoko, ukuba unika umntwana wakho eli yeza, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalo ngononophelo nogqirha wakho wezingane kwaye ucele iingcebiso. Umthamo ungahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bomntwana, ubude, kunye nemeko yakhe yempilo.

Ungenza ntoni ukuba ngempazamo usele amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba usele kakhulu eli yeza, fowunela iziko lokulawula ityhefu okanye igumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane ngoko nangoko . Musa ukuchitha ixesha. Musa ukulinda ude ube neempawu zokusebenzisa kakhulu.

Kubalulekile: Eli yeza limiselwe wena wedwa. Ungaze wabelane ngalo nabanye, nokuba baneempawu ezifanayo nezakho.

Wenza ntoni ukuba uphoswe yidosi yeyeza?

Ukuba uphoswe yidosi, yitsibe idosi oyiphosileyo . Thatha idosi yakho elandelayo ngexesha eliqhelekileyo. Ungaze uthathe iidosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye ukuze ubuyisele idosi oyiphosileyo . Ukwenza njalo kunokunyusa idosi kwaye kubangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba uphoswe yidosi rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ungadinga uncedo lokuphuhlisa inkqubo yokukhumbuza.

Ngawaphi amanye amayeza angahambelaniyo nalo mayeza, okanye afanele athathwe ngononophelo?

Xa usela eli yeza, lisenokusebenzisana namanye amayeza. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa lisetyenziswa kunye nelo yeza, ukusebenza kweli yeza kunokutshintsha okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwanda.

Ungaze uthathe iMercaptopurine kunye namayeza alandelayo:

• I-Febuxostat (eli liyeza le-gout)

La mayeza anokusebenzisana ne-mercaptopurine. Ngoko ke, ukuba uwasebenzisa la mayeza, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho:

• I-Allopurinol (eli likwaliyeza le-gout. Ukuba uyisebenzisa, kuya kufuneka unciphise umthamo wakho we-mercaptopurine)
• Amanye amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi, umzekelo i-warfarin
• Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga izifo ezifana ne-ulcerative colitis: i-balsalazide, i-olsalazine, i-mesalamine, i-sulfasalazine
• Iigonyo zentsholongwane eziphilayo (umz. imasisi, i-mumps, i-rubella (MMR), ugonyo lwe-chickenpox)
• I-Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (le yi-antibiotic esetyenziswa kakhulu)

Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iimpendulo ezinokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owathathayo (amiselwe ngugqirha okanye athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha), iimveliso zemifuno, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo zokutya ozisebenzisayo. Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba uyatshaya, usela utywala, okanye usebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi. Ezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela amayeza akho.

Yintoni omele uyilumkele xa usebenzisa eli yeza?

Ungaziva ungakhululekanga okanye ungaphilanga kakuhle kunesiqhelo ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza. Oku kuqhelekile kuba amayeza e-chemotherapy anokuchaphazela neeseli ezisempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho. Kufuneka uqhubeke nokusebenzisa eli yeza nokuba alikhululekanga de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uyeke .

• Ukopha kunye nokukrwela kunokwanda: Eli yeza linokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokopha kunye nokukrwela. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona ukopha okungaqhelekanga (umz., ukopha empumlweni, iintsini), ukukrwela ngokulula, amabala amancinci abomvu eluswini lwakho, indle emnyama, okanye igazi kumchamo wakho. Lumka ungazenzakalisi. Sebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo xa uhlamba amazinyo akho.

• Umngcipheko Wosulelo: Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukubanda, umphimbo obuhlungu, impumlo egobhozayo, okanye ukukhwehlela, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukuzinyanga . Eli yeza linokunciphisa amandla omzimba wakho okulwa nosulelo. Ngoko ke, zama ukuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo kangangoko unako. Lumka xa usiya kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo.

• Ubuthathaka beLanga:Ulusu lwakho lusenokuba novelwano kakhulu elangeni ngelixa usela eli yeza. Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu elangeni kangangoko unako. Nciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho lilanga elinamandla phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini. Ukuba uza kuba selangeni, nxiba impahla egquma umzimba wakho kakuhle, umnqwazi obanzi, kunye ne-sunscreen (i-sunscreen SPF 30 nangaphezulu). Musa ukusebenzisa izibane zelanga okanye iibhedi/ii-booths ze-tanning.

• Umngcipheko womhlaza: Kunokubakho umngcipheko omncinci wokufumana ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza (ezifana nomhlaza wolusu) xa eli yeza lisetyenziswa ixesha elide. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ulumke elangeni.

• Malunga nokukhulelwa nokuba nabantwana:
• Abafazi: Musa ukukhulelwa ngelixa usela eli yeza kwaye kangangeenyanga ezi-6 emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa eli yeza. Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa okanye ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nolawulo lokuzala olufanelekileyo.
• Amadoda: Musa ukuba nguyise womntwana ngelixa usela eli yeza kwaye kangangeenyanga ezi-3 emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa eli yeza. Qinisekisa ukuba iqabane lakho alikhulelwanga. Eli yeza linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu kusana olungekazalwa. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye ikhemisti ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya.

• Ukuncancisa: Musa ukuncancisa umntwana wakho ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza kwaye emva kweveki uyekile ukusebenzisa eli yeza. Eli yeza linokudluliselwa kumntwana ngobisi lwebele.

• Ukuzala: Eli yeza linokuchaphazela amandla akho okufumana abantwana, okanye ukuzala. Oku kunokuchaphazela amadoda nabafazi. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zale yeza?

Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, iMercaptopurine inokuba nemiphumo emibi. Eminye yayo kufuneka ixelelwe ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, ngelixa eminye ingabi mbi kangako. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na.

Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezempilo ngokukhawuleza ukuba unezinye zezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga:

• Iimpendulo ze-allergy: Iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, amaqhuqhuva, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, nolwimi.
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla.
• Ukubala igazi okuphantsi: Eli yeza linokwehlisa iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokosuleleka nokopha. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ukubala igazi lakho rhoqo.
• Iimpawu zeplatelets ezisezantsi okanye ukopha:Ukugruzuka, ukukhomba amabala abomvu eluswini, umnyama, indle ehlala ixesha elide, kunye negazi emchameni.
• Iimpawu zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisezantsi: ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga, ukuziva ubuthathaka okanye udiniwe ngokungaqhelekanga, ukuziva ubuthathaka okanye intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokuwa.
• Iimpawu zosulelo: umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda, ukukhohlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, iintlungu okanye ubunzima bokuchama.
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokulimala kwesibindi: umchamo otyheli okanye omdaka; ukuziva ugula ngokubanzi okanye iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane; indle ekhanyayo; ukungabi namdla wokutya; isicaphucaphu; iintlungu zesisu esingentla ngasekunene; ubuthathaka okanye ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga; ukutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu.
• Iimpawu zeswekile ephantsi egazini: ukuziva uxhalabile; ukudideka; isiyezi; indlala eyongezelelekileyo; ubuthathaka okanye ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga; ukubila; ukungcangcazela; ukuziva ubanda; ukucaphuka; intloko ebuhlungu; umbono ofipheleyo; ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza; ukulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Umqala obuhkungu.
• Ukudumba kwesisu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezihlala zingadingi nyango (ukuba ziyaqhubeka okanye ziyakukhathaza, xelela ugqirha wakho):

• Urhudo.
• Ukulahleka kweenwele (oku kungokwexeshana, iinwele ziya kukhula kwakhona xa iyeza liyekisiwe)
• Izilonda zomlomo. (Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuhlamba umlomo.)
• Ukugabha. (Ukuba uyagabha, xelela ugqirha wakho , likho iyeza loko.)

Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga ukongeza kwezi, nceda udibane nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Ndingaligcina njani eli yeza?

Eli yeza lifanele ligcinwe kude nabantwana . Kubaluleke kakhulu oko.

Gcina iyeza kubushushu obuphakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-25 degrees Celsius (59 kunye ne-77 degrees Fahrenheit) . Eli liqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo legumbi. Musa ukugcina kwindawo eshushu okanye efrijini, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ngenye indlela. Gcina ibhotile ivaliwe kakuhle.

Ibhotile yamayezaEmva kweeveki ezisi-8 zokusetyenziswa, naliphi na iyeza eliseleyo kufuneka lilahlwe. Musa ukulisebenzisa. Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa iyeza eliphelelwe lixesha.

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba

Eli nqaku lishwankathelo nje leMercaptopurine. Lisenokungabi nanto ipheleleyo. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga nale yeza, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho, usokhemesti, okanye omnye umntu osebenza kwezempilo. Ungaze uthathe naliphi na iyeza wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha . Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuhlala usempilweni.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Kukho oogqirha kunye namaqela ezempilo anokukunceda. Ungoyiki ukuthetha nabo ngokukhululekileyo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo onawo. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

I- Mercaptopurine, i-6-MP, umhlaza, i-leukemia, i-chemotherapy, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, amayeza