Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci unomhlathi omncinci ongezantsi? Masithethe ngeMicrognathia!

Ngamanye amaxesha usenokuba uqaphele ukuba umhlathi ongezantsi wosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa ubonakala umncinci kancinci, okanye ugobile kancinci. Kuqhelekile ukuba abazali bakhathazeke kancinci xa bebona oku. Enyanisweni, esi simo sisibiza ngokuba yiMicrognathia. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula ukuze uyiqonde.

Yintoni iMicrognathia?

Ngamafutshane, i-micrognathia iyenzeka xa umhlathi wakho ongezantsi ungakhulanga kakuhle okanye umncinci kunesiqhelo . Idla ngokuba yimeko yokuzalwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantwana bazalwa benale meko.

Oku kunokubangela ukuba ezinye iintsana zibe neengxaki zokuphefumla kwaye zibe nobunzima bokutya. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwexesha, le meko iya kuphela yodwa njengoko umntwana ekhula. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zemfuza. Umzekelo, ibonakala kwiimeko ezifana ne-cleft lip and palate, i-Pierre Robin syndrome, kunye ne-Treacher Collins syndrome.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweRetrognathia kunye neMicrognathia?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, ngaba iRetrognathia kunye neMicrognathia zizinto ezahlukeneyo? Okanye zizinto ezifanayo? Zombini ezi ziimeko ezichaphazela umhlathi ongezantsi, okanye oko oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba yi-mandible. Kwaye omabini la magama asetyenziselwa ukuchaza inkangeleko efanayo.

Kodwa ukuba sithetha inyaniso, i-retrognathia iyenzeka xa umhlathi ongezantsi ubuyela umva ngendlela engaqhelekanga xa uthelekiswa nomhlathi ongaphezulu. Yingxaki ngokuma komhlathi. Kwelinye icala, i-micrognathia iyenzeka xa umhlathi ongezantsi umncinci kunokuba kufanele ube njalo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ezibonakala ngayo zombini ezi meko inokufana.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

I-Micrognathia idla ngokubonakala kwiintsana ezizelwe zineemeko ezithile zemfuza . Umzekelo, inokubonwa neemeko ezifana ne-Pierre Robin syndrome, i-progeria, okanye i-cri-du-chat syndrome. Ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ngenxa yotshintsho olungaqhelekanga lwemfuza.

Le meko inokwenzeka nakubantu abadala, kodwa ayixhaphakanga kangako. Izizathu eziphambili ze-micrognathia kubantu abadala kukwaphuka okanye ukukhubeka komhlathi ngenxa yengozi, okanye i-ankylosis ye-temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-micrognathia?

I-Micrognathia yimeko eyenzeka kubantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa.Enyanisweni kuqhelekile . Enyanisweni, kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana zibe nomhlathi ongezantsi ophuma kancinci njengoko zikhula. Kwiintsana ezininzi, le meko ye-micrognathia iya kuphela ngokwayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inxulumene nesifo semfuza, akunakwenzeka ukuba iphele yodwa .

Zithini iimpawu zeMicrognathia?

Iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci abanale meko banokubonisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu zeentsana nabantwana abancinci

• Ukuphefumla okungxolayo: Ukuba umntwana wakho wenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga xa ephefumla, isenokuba luphawu lwesi sifo. Ingavakala ngathi yimpumlo exineneyo.
• I-sleep apnea okanye ezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla: Abanye abantwana banokufumana ukufuthaniseka kancinci ngelixa belele. Oku kungenxa yokuba umhlathi ongezantsi mncinci kwaye ulwimi lunokuwela umva luvale indlela yomoya. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umntwana avuke rhoqo.
• Ingxaki yokuncancisa: Ngenxa yokuba umhlathi ongezantsi umncinci, kunokuba nzima kumntwana ukuvula umlomo wakhe ngokufanelekileyo, abambe ingono ngokufanelekileyo, aze ancance. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umntwana azive ediniwe ngelixa encancisa kwaye kunokubangela ukuba ubisi lubambeke.
• Ukutyeba kakubi: Ngenxa yokuba umntwana engakwazi ukuncancisa kakuhle, umntwana usenokungatyebi ngokufanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe.
• Ukungakwazi ukulala kakuhle: Umntwana usenokungakwazi ukulala kakuhle ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla.

Iimpawu zabantu abadala

Abantu abadala abane-micrognathia banokuba ne -obstructive sleep apnea . Abanye abantu basebenzisa isixhobo esifana nomatshini we-CPAP ukulawula iimpawu zabo. Abanye banokufuna ii-braces okanye utyando lokulungisa umhlathi.

Zithini izizathu ze-micrognathia?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-micrognathia ibangelwa kukuzalwa , oko kuthetha ukuba yenzeka xa umntwana esesesibelekweni.

• Iijini: Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana ngeejini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama, utata, okanye umntu kusapho unale meko, umntwana naye unokuba nayo.
• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lwezakhi zofuzo: Ngamanye amaxesha oku kungenxa yotshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwizakhi zofuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-gene inokutshintsha ngengozi ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
• Amatyala apho unobangela ungaziwa: Ngamanye amaxesha, unobangela othile awufumaneki.

Ziziphi ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene ne-micrognathia?

I-Micrognathia inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo ezininzi zemfuza kunye neemeko zonyango . Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:

• Umlomo oqhekekileyo kunye nenkalakahla
• Isifo sikaPierre Robin
• Isifo sikaTreacher Collins
• I-Trisomy 13
• I-Trisomy 18
• isifo sikaBeckwith-Wiedemann
• Isifo se-Stickler
• I-Progeria
• I-Achondrogenesis
• Isifo seCri-du-chat
• I-Turner syndrome
• Isifo sikaMarfan
• Isifo seSeckel
• Isifo sikaRussell-Silver
• isifo sikaHallermann-Streiff
• I-microsomia ye-Hemifacial

Musa ukoyika la magama. Ayizizo zonke ezi meko ezenzeka kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha unokufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye.

Ifunyanwa njani iMicrognathia?

Into yokuqala ugqirha wakho aza kuyenza kukujonga ngononophelo imilo yobuso bomntwana wakho, ingakumbi indawo yomhlathi.

Izinto ezihlolwayo ngugqirha

• Sijonga ulwalamano phakathi komhlathi ongezantsi womntwana nomhlathi ongaphezulu .
• Sikhangela naziphi na izinto ezingafaniyo ebusweni .
• Jonga iimpawu zomlomo kunye nenkalakahla eqhekekileyo .
• Indawo yolwimi lomntwana iyajongwa.
• Bakwajonga ukuba umntwana unengxaki yolwimi .

Khawucinge nje, ngamanye amaxesha le meko inokubonwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Oko kukuthi, ngexesha le-ultrasound yokukhulelwa, umhlathi ongezantsi awukhuli kakuhle, nto leyo enokubonwa.

Uvavanyo olwenziweyo

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ukrokrelwa ukuba une-micrognathia, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne-X-ray okanye i-CT scans lunokubona ngokucacileyo imeko yamathambo omhlathi.
• Ukufunda ngokulala: Oku kulinganisa ukuphefumla, amanqanaba eoksijini emzimbeni, umsebenzi wentliziyo, kunye nokukhuthaza ingqondo ngexesha lokulala. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uyafuthaniseka xa ulele.

Iphathwa njani iMicrognathia?

Kwezinye iimeko, i-micrognathia iya kuphucuka ngokwayo . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kudla ngokuphela xa umntwana emalunga neenyanga ezili-18 ubudala . Kude kube ngoko, ugqirha uza kujonga imeko yomntwana.

Kukho unyango olungenalo utyando nolungenalo utyando. Unyango olufanelekileyo kumntwana wakho luya kuxhomekeka kubunzulu bemeko.

Unyango olungelulo utyando

Iindlela zonyango ezingaqhelekanga zotyando lwale meko zezi:

• Unyango lokuma: Ukuze umntwana wakho angene kakuhle, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa indlela yokulala , njengokumjika umntwana abe licala.
• Umbhobho weNasopharyngeal: Lo ngumbhobho ofakwa empumlweni yomntwana uze udlule kwipaseji yempumlo ukunceda ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile.
• Unyango olufanelekileyo loxinzelelo lomoya: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa isixhobo seBiPAP® okanye seCPAP ukuhambisa umoya ngetyhubhu uze usincamathisele kwimaski elingana nempumlo yomntwana. Olu xinzelelo luqhubekayo lugcina umoya womntwana uvulekile.

Unyango lotyando

Ukuba unyango olungelulo utyando aluphumeleli, utyando lwe-micrognathia lunokufuneka. Nazi ezinye zeenkqubo zotyando ezinokwenziwa:

• Ukunamathela kolwimi nomlomo: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uthatha isiseko solwimi lomntwana aze asincamathisele kumlomo ongezantsi okanye emhlathini. Oku kuthintela ulwimi ukuba lungawi luze luvale indlela yomoya.
• Utyando lwe-Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO): Le yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi. Kule nkqubo, ithambo lomhlathi ongezantsi lomntwana liyahlulwa kubini kwaye kufakwa isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuhambisa iziqwenga ezibini zethambo. Xa iziqwenga ezibini zisuswa, ithambo elitsha liyakhula, umhlathi ongezantsi uyakhula, kwaye indlela yomoya iyavuleka.
• Utyando lweTracheostomy: Oku kwenziwa rhoqo , kwaye kuphela xa zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumelelanga. Oku kuquka ukwenza umngxuma ngqo kumbhobho womoya womntwana ngentamo. Oku kuvumela umntwana ukuba aphefumle ngokuthintela ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ephezulu.

Ngaba iMicrognathia ingathintelwa?

Ekubeni i-micrognathia idla ngokuba yimeko yokuzalwa , akukho ndlela yokuyithintela. Ngokufanayo, akukho ndlela yokuthintela uninzi lweemeko ezisisiseko ezinxulumene nayo.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuba umntwana wam une-micrognathia?

Ukuba imeko ye-micrognathia yomntwana wakho ayiphucuki ngokwayo xa eneminyaka eli-18 ubudala , ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango. Uza kuthetha nawe aze agqibe ngesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Khumbula, imbono iyonke yabantwana abane-micrognathia ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko engaphantsi echaphazelekayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele ngokusekelwe kwimeko ethile yomntwana wakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba umhlathi ongezantsi womntwana wakho ubonakala umncinci okanye awubonakali ukhula kakuhle , kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukongeza, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho ingxolo xa uphefumla
• Ukuba unengxaki yokusela ubisi okanye ukutya ukutya
• Ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezixhalabisayo

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe ene-micrognathia, kuya kufuneka ufunde okuninzi kangangoko unako ngayo. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokumbuza ugqirha:

• Ibaluleke kangakanani le meko?
• Ingaba inokwenzeka into yokuba imeko ye-micrognathia yomntwana wam iphele yodwa ?
• Ngaba umntwana wam unezinye iimeko zempilo ezinxulumene ne-micrognathia?
• Zeziphi iindlela zokulala ezinceda umntwana wam agcine umoya wakhe uvulekile?
• Ingaba unyango luyimfuneko? Ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo lonyango?
• Iyintoni imbono iyonke?

I-Micrognathia yimeko eqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Uninzi lwexesha, iba ngcono ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, inokuvala indlela yomoya yomntwana, yenze kube nzima ukuphefumla kakuhle nokuncancisa. Ukuba umntwana wakho une-micrognathia, ungoyiki. Ugqirha wakho angathetha nawe malunga neendlela zonyango aze agqibe ukuba yintoni elungele umntwana wakho.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

• I-Micrognathia yimeko apho umhlathi ongezantsi uncinci kunesiqhelo.
• Le yimeko edla ngokuba yingxaki yokuzalwa , kwaye abanye abantwana bayayishiya njengoko bekhula.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nobunzima bokutya zisenokuba zezona mpawu ziphambili .
• Le meko inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo zemfuza .
• Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kubukhulu bemeko kunye nesizathu esiyintloko . Kukho unyango olungelulo utyando kunye nonyango olungelulo utyando.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, musa ukoyika kwaye ufune ingcebiso kugqirha . Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungabi nazintloni zokubuza ugqirha wakho.

Umhlathi ongezantsi, iMicrognathia, Umhlathi wosana, Ubunzima bokuphefumla, Izifo zofuzo, isifo sikaPierre Robin, iMicrognathia