Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba inkumbulo yakho iyaphela kancinci kancinci? Makhe sithethe nge-MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)!

Sonke siyazilibala izinto ngamanye amaxesha, akunjalo? Khawuthelekelele, emva kokuba uphumile endlwini uze uhambe umgama omfutshane, ngequbuliso ucinge, "Owu Thixo wam, nditshixe ucango?" Okanye ngequbuliso uyalibala into obuyithetha ngelixa uncokola kamnandi nomhlobo. Ezi zinto ziqhelekile kakhulu, kwaye akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo. Kodwa, ngaba wena, umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye umntu omthandayo, niziva ngathi ezi zinto zokulibala ziyanda kancinci kancinci, kwaye zibangela nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla? Eli nqaku liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namhlanje sithetha nge-MCI, emele i-Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-MCI?

Ngamafutshane, i-MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) yimeko apho inkumbulo yomntu kunye nezakhono zakhe zokucinga ziphazamiseka kancinci . Oku kungaphezulu kancinci kunokulibala okuqhelekileyo okuza nokwaluphala. Nangona kunjalo, akukubi njengemeko yokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo embi ebizwa ngokuba yi-dementia.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Usenokuba nobunzima bokubona umnxeba wobuqhetseba, okanye unokulibala izinto ezifana nomhla owaya kugqirha ngawo. Wena nosapho lwakho nisenokubona olu tshintsho. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba umntu one-MCI usenokwenza imisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla ngaphandle koncedo lwabanye. Oko kuthetha ukuba angenza izinto ezifana nokupheka, ukunxiba, nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya eyedwa.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-MCI ayihlali ihleli. Kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zinokuphucuka xa unobangela unyangiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ne-MCI kuyawandisa kancinci umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-dementia, njengesifo se-Alzheimer, kwixesha elizayo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-MCI:

Sizahlulahlula imeko ye-MCI ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili. Ukuze kube lula ukuyiqonda, ndiza kuyichaza ngolu hlobo.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-MCI kukwehla kwezakhono esithetha ngazo ngoku. Jonga ukuba ezi zinto zivakala ziqhelekile na kuwe.

• Ingqalelo: Kunzima ukuhlala ugxile kwinto enye, kwaye ingqondo iphazanyiswa lula.
• Isigwebo: Kunzima ukukhetha okulungileyo kokubi, ukwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
• Ulwimi: Ubunzima bokufumana amagama afanelekileyo xa uthetha.
• Inkumbulo: Ukulibala izinto rhoqo kunangaphambili.
• Ukuceba: Kunzima ukucwangcisa nokwenza umsebenzi ngendlela ehlelekileyo.
• Ingqiqo: Kunzima ukuqonda ingxaki nokufumana isisombululo sayo.

Zibonakala njani ezi zinto kubomi bemihla ngemihla?

• Ndisoloko ndilibala apho ndibeka khona izitshixo zam, iiglasi, kunye nefowuni ndize ndizikhangele.
• Ndiyalibala ukuhlawula izinto ezifana neebhili zombane namanzi.
• Iintlanganiso ezibalulekileyo, imibhiyozo, kunye neentsuku ezikhethekileyo zosapho ziyalityalwa.
• Ngelixa uthetha, ngequbuliso uyalibala into obuyithetha uze uyeke.

Abanye abantu abane-MCI banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuhamba kunye nokulahlekelwa yimvakalelo yokuvumba.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu ze-MCI?

Kukho iindawo zengqondo yethu ezinceda ngenkumbulo nokucinga. Umzekelo, iindawo ezifana ne-hippocampus kunye ne-temporal lobes. Kwi-MCI, kukho umonakalo okanye utshintsho kwisakhiwo kwezi ndawo. Olu tshintsho lwengqondo lulo olubangela ukuba kube nzima ukukhumbula izinto kakuhle njengangaphambili, ukucinga ngokucacileyo, kunye nokunikela ingqalelo.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-MCI inokuba linqanaba lokuqala lemeko enzima yokuwohloka kwemithambo-luvo apho iiseli zobuchopho zitshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esingaphambili
• I-Lewy body dementia
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• I-dementia yemithambo yegazi

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-MCI?

Nabani na unokuba ne-MCI, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

Izinto ezinobungozi ezingalawulekiyo:

• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda xa ukhula.
• Imbali yosapho:Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho oye waba nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.
• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Ukuba nohlobo lwe-gene olubizwa ngokuba yi-APOE-e4 (i-gene eyonyusa umngcipheko wesifo se-Alzheimer).

Izinto ezinobungozi ezinokulawulwa okanye zinyangwe:

• Iingxaki zentliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Iimeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye nesifo sohlangothi.
• Izifo ezingapheliyo: Isifo seswekile, i-COPD, i-osteoarthritis.
• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo: ukudakumba kunye noxinzelelo.
• Iingxaki zokulala: ukurhona kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuphefumula xa umntu elele.
• Ukunqongophala kweevithamini: ingakumbi ukunqongophala kwevithamini B12.
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid: I-Hypothyroidism.
• Izifo: Izinto ezifana nezifo zomchamo (UTIs) zinokuba buthathaka, ingakumbi kubantu abadala.
• Ukulimala entloko: (Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu).
• Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza afana ne-antihistamines, i-antidepressants, i-opiates, kunye ne-benzodiazepines anokubangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo njengesiphumo esibi.

Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?

Akukho vavanyo lunye olunokukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unayo na i-MCI. Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukuxilonga kakuhle.

1. Buza wena nosapho lwakho ngotshintsho: Ziqale nini iimpawu zakho, zeziphi izinto ozilibalayo, kwaye ingaba ziyayichaphazela na imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla? Ungabuza nomntu okunye nawe ngolu tshintsho.

2. Uvavanyo lomzimba nolwemithambo-luvo: Ukulinganisela kwakho, ukuphendula kwakho, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kuyajongwa.

3. Uvavanyo olulinganisa inkumbulo kunye nobuchule bokucinga: Ungabuzwa uthotho lwemibuzo emifutshane, ucelwe ukuba uzobe imifanekiso, okanye ukhumbule amagama okulinganisa ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho. Olu vavanyo silubiza ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-Neuropsychological.

4. Ezinye iimvavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: Jonga ezinye izizathu, ezinje ngokunqongophala kweevithamini, iingxaki ze-thyroid, kunye nosulelo.
• Iiskeni zobuchopho: Iskeni ye-CT okanye i-MRI inokujonga umhlaza wobuchopho, iimpawu zestroke, okanye olunye utshintsho kwisakhiwo.
• Ukubhoboza emqolo:Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukujonga ubukho beeproteni ezinxulumene nesifo sika-Alzheimer.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-MCI?

Unyango lwe-MCI luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Akukho nyango lufanayo kuzo zonke. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukunyanga iimeko ezifihlakeleyo: Ukuba unobangela we-MCI yinto efana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iingxaki zokulala (i-sleep apnea), okanye ukunqongophala kweevithamini, unyango olufanelekileyo lwaloo meko lunokuphucula ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo.
• Ukutshintsha amayeza: Ukuba amayeza athile owasebenzisayo achaphazela inkumbulo yakho, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukuwatshintsha okanye ukunciphisa umthamo.
• Imisebenzi evuselela ingqondo: Ukusombulula iiphazili, ukufunda into entsha (njengolwimi, isixhobo somculo), ukufunda iincwadi, kunye nokunxulumana nabanye zizinto ezilungileyo zoqeqesho lwengqondo.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila:
• Yeka okanye unciphise ukutshaya nokusebenzisa utywala.
• Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo (imifuno, iziqhamo, iintlanzi ezininzi).
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko: Kusenokufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezinje ngokulungisa iingozi zokutyibilika nokuwa ekhayeni lakho (umz. iikhaphethi) mhlawumbi ucinge ngokutsha ngokuqhuba.

Liza kuba njani ikamva kumntu one-MCI?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawoyikayo. Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-MCI ayifani kuwo wonke umntu.

• Kwabanye abantu: Emva konyango, iimpawu zinokuphucula zize zibuyele esiqhelweni ngokweminyaka yabo.
• Kwabanye abantu: Iimpawu zisenokuhlala zifana, zingabi mandundu.
• Kwabanye: Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-MCI inokuqhubela phambili ibe yi-dementia. Uphando lubonisa ukuba phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abane-MCI baya kuba ne-dementia kungekapheli nonyaka.

Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu one-MCI oza kuba ne-dementia. Abantu abaninzi bayakwazi ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wabo kwaye baphile ngokuzimela. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina ubudlelwane obuqhelekileyo nogqirha wakho . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukumbona qho emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 ukuze ujonge imeko yakho.