Ukuba ukhe wajonga ingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi, mhlawumbi ubone amagama amaninzi. Phakathi kwawo, elo latsala iliso lakho yayili-'Monocytes'. Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho uthethe into ngayo, okanye usenokuba uzibuze ukuba yintoni na. Ngoko ke, ziintoni ezi monocytes? Zibaluleke kangakanani emizimbeni yethu? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngazo ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Zithini ezi monocytes?
Ngamafutshane, ii-monocytes luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-leukocyte) egazini lethu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umzimba wakho lilizwe elikhulu. Kukho umkhosi onokukwazi ukukhusela eli lizwe kwiintshaba (oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo) ezivela ngaphandle. Loo mkhosi sisistim sethu somzimba . Ngoko ke, ezi monocytes zifana neqela lamajoni abaluleke kakhulu, aqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kuloo mkhosi.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wala majoni kukufumana nokutshabalalisa iintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi, kunye neeprotozoa ezingena emzimbeni. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwasebenza ekuchongeni nasekususeni iiseli emizimbeni yethu esele zosulelwe ziintsholongwane. Kwakhona, xa kunzima ukulwa wedwa, la majoni e-monocyte athumela imiyalezo kwamanye amajoni emkhosini (oko kukuthi, amanye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi) esithi, "Kukho utshaba apha, yiza kunceda."
Ungachaza kancinci ngendlela imisebenzi yabo eyenziwa ngayo?
La majoni e-monocyte aqala ubomi bawo kwithambo lethu. Kufana nesikolo soqeqesho lomkhosi. Kulapho aqeqeshwa khona kakuhle aze alungele idabi. Nje ukuba akhule kakuhle, aqala ukuhamba emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yegazi. Kufana nokuya epatrolini.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intsholongwane ingene emizimbeni yethu. Ifana notshaba oluhlasela ilizwe. Okanye umlilo uqhambuke kwisixeko. Ngeli xesha, kukhutshwa isignali yesilumkiso. Kwangoko nje ukuba esi signali siviwe, amajoni e-monocyte akufutshane athatha inyathelo ngoko nangoko. Kodwa xa besiya kweli dabi, batshintsha inkangeleko yabo baze bahlukane babe ziintlobo ezimbini zeeseli ezenza imisebenzi emibini ekhethekileyo.
1. Iiseli zeDendritic - abathunywa kunye neentlola
2. IiMacrophages - Abalwi Abangaphambili
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi yaba bantu.
Iiseli ze-Dendritic - iziko lonxibelelwano
Ezi seli zifana nengalo yonxibelelwano yomkhosi, okanye iziko lokufowunela lesebe lomlilo. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukubona utshaba xa lufika, ukwazisa amanye amajoni anamandla kwinkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba, kunye nokucela uncedo.
Ezi seli ze-dendritic zifumaneka kakhulu phantsi kolusu lwethu, kwiingqimba zangaphakathi zempumlo yethu, imiphunga, isisu, kunye namathumbu, kuba ezi ziindawo apho iintsholongwane zinokungena khona emzimbeni.
Xa intsholongwane ingena, ezi seli ziyahamba ziye kuqokelela i-antigen kuloo ntsholongwane. I-antigen, ngokulula, ifana "nekhadi lokuchonga" laloo ntsholongwane. Yiyo evumela inkqubo yethu yomzimba ukuba iqaphele ukuba "lo asingomntu ongowasemzimbeni wethu." Xa ithatha eli khadi lesazisi, iiseli ze-dendritic zikhupha imiyalezo ekhethekileyo yeekhemikhali (ii-cytokines) ezixelela ezinye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ukuba, "Nanku utshaba olunekhadi lesazisi, yizani nilwe ngokukhawuleza."
IiMacrophages - Abalwi Abangaphambili
Aba ngabona bathunywa bokwenyani abaya kwimigca engaphambili baze balwe. Emva kokufumana umyalezo ovela kwiiseli ze-dendritic, ii-macrophages ziya ngqo apho utshaba lukhoyo.
Oko kwenziwa zezi macrophages kukujikeleza intsholongwane yotshaba ize iyiginye yonke. Emva kokuyiginya, zisebenzisa ii-enzymes ezinamandla ezinobuthi ngaphakathi emizimbeni yazo ukuze zinyibilikise kwaye zitshabalalise intsholongwane. Kwakhona, "ukucoca" kunye nokususa iiseli ezifileyo kunye nezicubu ezonakeleyo emva kokulwa ngomnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wezi macrophages cells.
Zibukeka njani ezi monocytes?
Iimonocytes zezona ntlobo zinkulu zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini lethu. Ziphindwe kabini ngobukhulu kuneseli ebomvu yegazi eqhelekileyo. Xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu, zinkulu kwaye kulula ukuzibona.
I-nucleus ephakathi kwezi seli ikhethekile kakhulu. Ithatha iimilo ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko iseli ihamba emzimbeni wonke, imo ye-nucleus inokutshintsha. Ezinye zeempawu eziphambili ezinokubonwa zezi:
- Imilo yembotyi efana nezintso
- Imilo yesihlangu sehashe
- Imilo yesangqa esinde kancinci
Zingaphi ii-monocytes endifanele ndibe nazo egazini lam? (Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo)
Kumntu omdala ophilileyo, ii-monocytes zithathwa njengesiqhelo ukuba zenza phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-8% yenani lilonke leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ngokwezibalo, oku kuphakathi kwama-200 nama-800 ee-monocytes nge-microliter nganye yegazi.
Kodwa nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule ngokuqinisekileyo. Olu "luhlu oluqhelekileyo" lunokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwilebhu apho ufumana khona uvavanyo lwegazi lakho. Ngoko ke xa ujonga ingxelo yakho yegazi, akupheleli nje ekubeni ixabiso lakho, kodwa noluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwaloo lebhu lukhankanyiwe kwicala elinye. Jonga ukuba ixabiso lakho lingaphakathi kwelo luhlu. Ukuba inani lakho le-monocyte liphantsi okanye liphezulu kunesiqhelo, ugqirha wakho uya kufumanisa ukuba siyintoni isizathu aze akunike ingcaciso engcono kakhulu.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokubangela utshintsho kwinani le-monocyte?
Ngokwesiqhelo, inani lee-monocytes liyancipha okanye liyanda xa umzimba wethu ulwa nosulelo okanye isifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba olu tshintsho kwixabiso lusenokungabi sisifo, kodwa luphawu lwesinye isifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, la maxabiso anokutshintsha njengesiphumo esingesihle seyeza.
Ukwanda kwenani lee-monocytes (i-Monocytosis)
Xa inani lee-monocytes egazini liphezulu kunesiqhelo, ngokwezonyango silibiza ngokuba yi -monocytosis . Oku kungaba luphawu lweemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Umzekelo, inokuba yimeko eyosulelayo efana ne-mononucleosis okanye isifo se-autoimmune esifana ne-lupus. Ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zokwanda kwee-monocytes zezi:
- Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni
- Izifo zegazi
- Umhlaza
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Uxinzelelo olungapheliyo
- Usulelo lwexesha elifutshane nolwexesha elide
- Izifo zokudumba
- Ukukhulelwa
I-Monocytopenia
Inani elingaphantsi kuneliqhelekileyo lee-monocytes egazini libizwa ngokuba yi-monocytopenia . Nantoni na enciphisa inani lilonke leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi inokubangela ukwehla kwee-monocytes. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku:
- I-anemia ye-Aplastic
- Usulelo lwegazi
- Ukulimala kokutsha
- Usulelo lwe-HIV
- I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza
Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezijonga amanqanaba am e-monocyte?
Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu lusetyenziswa ukufumanisa inani le-monocyte yakho. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo ezisetyenziselwa oku.
| Igama lovavanyo | Oko kuboniswa yile nto |
|---|---|
| Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC) | Oku kunika inkcazo eneenkcukacha yohlobo ngalunye lweseli egazini lakho: iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Icandelo 'lomahluko' libala iintlobo ezi-5 zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (kuquka ii-monocytes) ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye libonisa ukuba iipesenti zazo ziqhelekile, ziphantsi, okanye ziphezulu. |
| Inani elipheleleyo leeMonocyte | Oku kunika ixabiso elichanekileyo lokuba zingaphi iiseli ze-monocyte ezikwisampuli yegazi lakho, endaweni yokuba zibe yipesenti. |
Ngaba iimpawu ziyenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwinani lee-monocytes?
Apha kulapho abantu abaninzi baphosisa khona. Awuyi kuba nazo naziphi na iimpawu kuba nje inani lee-monocyte zakho liphantsi okanye liphezulu. Endaweni yoko, naziphi na iimpawu ozifumanayo zibangelwa yimeko yezonyango ebangele ukuba inani lee-monocyte zakho litshintshe.
Umzekelo, inani lakho lee-monocyte linokunyuswa ngenxa yento efana nomkhuhlane okanye iintlungu zomzimba. Kwimeko enjalo, uya kuba nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, kungekhona iimpawu zokwanda kwee-monocytes. Ke ngoko, utshintsho kwinani lee-monocyte aluyosifo, kodwa luphawu lwesinye isifo okanye imeko.
Ndingawabuyisela njani amanqanaba am e-monocyte kwimeko eqhelekileyo?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu samanqanaba akho e-monocyte. Oku kuthetha ukuba imeko esisiseko kufuneka iqale ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwe. Ugqirha wakho uya kuba ngumntu ongcono ukukunika ingcebiso ngale nto. Ungaze uzame ukuzinyanga.
Ngokubanzi, nazi ezinye izinto ugqirha anokuzicebisa ukulawula amanqanaba e-monocyte:
| Ukunciphisa inani le-monocytes (xa liphakanyisiwe) | Ukunyusa inani le-monocytes (xa liphantsi) |
|---|---|
| Ukuphepha ukutya okubangela ukudumba emzimbeni (umz., ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, okunamafutha amaninzi). | Ngokweengcebiso zonyango, ukutshintsha idosi okanye ixesha lamayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku. |
| Ukuzilolonga rhoqo. | Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lweemeko zempilo ezisisiseko. |
| Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala. | Unyango olufanelekileyo lwezifo ezikhoyo. |
| Unyango olufanelekileyo lweemeko zempilo ezisisiseko. | Ukuba unesiphene seevithamini, thatha izongezo ezifana nevithamini B12, C, kunye no-D njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. |
Ndingazigcina njani iiseli zam ze-monocyte ziphilile?
Iiseli zakho ze-monocyte ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngoko ke, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukugcina yonke inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba iqinile. Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokukunceda wenze oko:
- Zikhusele kangangoko unako ekwenzakaleni nasekosulelekeni: Kuphephe ukudibana neentsholongwane ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga: Ukutya okunempilo kunye nomsebenzi womzimba kubalulekile kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Imikhwa emihle yococeko: Izinto ezilula ezifana nokuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyawunciphisa umzimba.
- Nciphisa uxinezeleko: Uxinezeleko olugqithisileyo luyingozi kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo: Ukulala kubalulekile ukuze umzimba ululame kwaye ulungise iiseli zomzimba ezikhusela umzimba.
Ekugqibeleni, ii-monocytes zizikhuseli zomzimba wethu ezithuleyo. Zihlala zisebenza ukusikhusela kwizifo. Ngoko ke ukulandela indlela yokuphila elungileyo ukuze zihlale ziphilile yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo esinokuzenzela imizimba yethu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iimonocytes luhlobo olubalulekileyo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba elwa neentsholongwane.
- Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa ii-monocytes eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayisosifo ngokwaso, kodwa luphawu lwenye imeko yezonyango okanye usulelo.
- Ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (i-CBC) okulula kunokumisela amanqanaba akho e-monocyte.
- Ungaze woyike ixabiso elikwingxelo yakho wedwa. Soloko uxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho uze ufumane icebiso elifanelekileyo.
- Ukutya okunesondlo, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunokugcina inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela inamandla.
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