Awuboni na kude nawe? Masifunde ngemeko embi ngaphakathi kweliso? (Ukonakala kwe-Myopic)

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ubona izinto ezikude kodwa zizinto ezikufutshane kuphela ngokucacileyo? Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'kukubona okukufutshane' okanye '(iMyopia)'. Nangona oku kuqhelekile kubantu abaninzi, ngamanye amaxesha le ngxaki yokubona okukude inokufikelela kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-'(Retina)', engumaleko obuthathaka kakhulu ngaphakathi kweliso, oko kukuthi, indawo apho sibona khona imifanekiso, iqala ukonakala. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'(Myopic Degeneration)' okanye '(Degenerative Myopia)'. Le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele, kuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, lo monakalo unokwanda kwaye kukho ithuba lokulahlekelwa yimbono ngokusisigxina . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ayinguye wonke umntu obona okukufutshane ohlakulela oku. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zithi le meko ichaphazela umntu omnye kuphela kwabangama-33 kubemi behlabathi.

Ngoko ke zithini iimpawu ze-`(Myopic Degeneration)`?

Uphawu lokuqala olukhulu kukubona izinto ezikufutshane kakhulu . Oku kuthetha ukuba amayeza akho eeglasi angaphezulu kakhulu. Njengoko le meko iqhubeka, uya kuqala ukuqaphela utshintsho kwindlela obona ngayo, ingakumbi kwindawo ephakathi yombono wakho . Oku kuquka:

• Xa ujonga, ungabona ibala elimnyama okanye indawo engacacanga phakathi kombono wakho . Ingafana nendawo engaboniyo apho ungaboni nto.
• Eminye imibala kunzima ukuyiqonda .
• Sidinga ukukhanya okungakumbi kunangaphambili ukuze sibone izinto ngokucacileyo.
• Xa ujonga izinto ngemigca ethe tye, zibonakala zinwebekile kwaye zishwabene .
• Usenokubona izinto ezincinci ezimnyama zidada phambi kwamehlo akho (ii-floaters) , okanye unokubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo .

Xa usiya kugqirha wamehlo, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba le meko, uza kuhlola amehlo akho aze akhangele izinto ezifana nezi:

• Utshintsho kwimo ye-macula, eyona ndawo iphambili yokubona kwakho, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo.
• Ukopha kwe-retina, ukuncipha, ukuqhekeka, okanye ukudumba.
• Ukwakheka kwemingxunya ye-macular embindini wombono.
• Ukudumba kwe-macular kwenzeka embindini wembono (i-Macula).

Kutheni sifumana i-Myopic Degeneration?

Ngamafutshane, unobangela oyintloko woku kukubona okukufutshane kakhulu . Ukuba icebiso lakho leliso liyi-`(-6.00 diopters)` okanye ngaphezulu, lithathwa njengelinzima. Okanye ubude belihlo lakho ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya ngasemva bunokuba yi-26 millimeters nangaphezulu. Khawuthelekelele, xa sizama ukubona into ngokucacileyo, izihlunu zethu zamehlo zisebenza nzima kunesiqhelo. Xa amehlo ethu ehlala exinezelekile, inwebu ethambileyo ngaphakathi kweliso ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Retina)` ayinakumelana nokutsalwa. Yiloo nto ibangela umonakalo kwi-retina.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezicacileyo ezibangela umngcipheko ekuphuhlisweni kwe-Myopic Degeneration:

• Ubunzima beMyopia: Umngcipheko uyanda ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni iMyopia yakho inzima kangakanani, okanye ukuba ingakanani na imithi oyinikwayo.
• Ubude bebhola yeliso: Okukhona iliso lakho lilikhulu, oko kukuthi, kokukhona iliso lakho lide, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokuba nale meko uphezulu.
• Ubudala: Le ngozi inokwanda ngokweminyaka yakho, okanye ukuba unexesha elingakanani une-myopia.

Ukongeza koku, iingcali zicinga ukuba kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuphuhliswa okanye ukonakala kwale meko:

• Imbali yosapho kunye nemfuza: Kukho ubungqina bokuba i-myopia idluliselwa kwisizukulwana ukuya kwesinye. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka ukuze kuqondwe kakuhle indlela imfuza kunye nembali yosapho echaphazela ngayo ukuwohloka kwe-myopic.
• Isini: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba abafazi banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo.
• Uhlanga nobuhlanga: Nangona kuthiwa abantu baseAsia basengozini enkulu, akukho sigqibo siqinisekileyo ngale nto.
• Izinto ezisingqongileyo: Ezi zizinto ezenzekayo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, ukuba kufuneka ujonge into ethile ngokusondeleyo ngenxa yomsebenzi wakho okanye into oyithandayo, okanye ukuba unxibe iilensi ezifanelekileyo. Cinga ngayo, abanye abantu bachitha uninzi losuku lwabo kwiifowuni zabo, iikhompyutha, okanye bejonge imifanekiso emincinci. Amehlo abo ayadinwa kakhulu. Izinto ezinjalo nazo zinokuchaphazela oku.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zeMyopic Degeneration?

Iingxaki eziphambili zale meko zonke zinxulumene nezicubu ze-retina yakho. Ezi ngxaki zezi:

• Ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo yegazi: Xa izicubu ezikwi-retina zincipha, imithambo yegazi emidala iyaphuka ize yophe. Umzimba emva koko uzama ukwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha ukuze kubuyiselwe ukuhamba kwegazi, kodwa le mithambo yegazi mitsha ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-retina.
• Ukwahlulwa kweeleya: Njengoko izicubu ze-retina zincipha, umngcipheko wokuba iileya ze-retina zihlukane, okanye i-retina ikrazuke okanye ihlukane, uyanda.
• Ukubona okuphantsi: Utshintsho olukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla lunokubangela ukulahleka kokubona okungapheliyo, ukulahleka kokubona okukhulu, okanye nokuba yimfama .

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ezi ngxaki zenzeka, ukubona kusenokungabikho kwakhona ukuba akunyangelwanga ngokukhawuleza. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba uneempawu.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko (iMyopic Degeneration)?

Oogqirha bamehlo banokuxilonga i-myopic degeneration ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwezi vavanyo lwenziwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Usenokungaziboni utshintsho oluninzi ngaphakathi kweliso lakho ngenxa ye-myopic degeneration, okanye uqaphele umahluko omkhulu ekuboneni kwakho ekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wamehlo oqeqeshiweyo uyazi ngezi nguqu, ngoko ke uya kusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo, iimvavanyo, okanye izixhobo zokuzichonga. Banokukucela ukuba ujonge itshathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Amsler grid ukuze ubone ukuba kukho na amabala angabonakaliyo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwicandelo lakho lokubona.

Ukongeza, kukho iimvavanyo zokujonga imifanekiso ezinokunceda ekuxilongeni iMyopic Degeneration. Ezi zezi:

• I-Fluorescein angiography kunye ne-Indocyanine green angiography: Ezi ziimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezijonga imeko yemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kweliso.
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Le nto ithatha icandelo elinqamlezileyo le-retina kwaye inokubona notshintsho oluncinci kwiileya zayo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound yamehlo `(i-ultrasound yamehlo)`

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Myopic Degeneration?

Unyango lweMyopic Degeneration lujolise ekuthinteleni imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu nokulungisa naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuba zenzeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Nazi ezinye zezona ndlela zonyango zibalulekileyo:

• Ukulungiswa kokubona: Ukunxiba iiglasi ezifanelekileyo okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo. Kunokunceda ukunciphisa okanye ukucothisa utshintsho kwi-retina.
• Amayeza: Imizimba yethu isebenzisa iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yiVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) ukukhulisa imithambo yegazi emitsha. Amayeza e-Anti-VEGF asebenza ngokuthintela le proteni ukuba ingasebenzi. La ngamayeza afakwa esweni.
• Unyango lweLaser kunye nonyango lwePhotodynamic: Ezinye iindlela zonyango zamehlo ezisebenzisa ilaser kunye nonyango olusebenzisa ukukhanya zinokunceda ekunciphiseni ukopha kunye nomonakalo ongasemva kweliso. Oku kunokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kokuwohloka kwe-myopic.
• Utyando lwamehlo: Kufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe ezinye iingxaki zeMyopic Degeneration (umz., ukuqhekeka kwe-retina). Utyando lunokuthintela ukuqhekeka kwe-retina kwaye luthintele ukulahleka kokubona okukhawulezileyo nokungenakuphikiswa.

Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha ukuba zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezifanelekileyo kuwe kunye noko unokukulindela kuzo.

Ndingayibuza ntoni ugqirha wamehlo?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho wamehlo imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingakanani i-Myopic Degeneration yam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa okanye ukucothisa ukuqhubekeka kwesi sifo?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ndifanele ndihlolwe amehlo kangaphi kwaye ndifumane iingcebiso zonyango?
• Ziziphi iimpawu endinokuzinyamezela de ndifumane intlanganiso elandelayo nogqirha?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ezifuna ndifune unyango ngokukhawuleza?

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndine-Myopic Degeneration?

Ukuba uneMyopic Degeneration, into onokuyilindela iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwabanye abantu, iya isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba le meko inefuthe elingakanani ebomini bakho kuxhomekeke ekubeni iMyopia yakho inzima kangakanani, okanye ukuba iliso lakho lide kangakanani.

Hlala ukhumbula: Ukuba awuboni ugqirha wamehlo rhoqo kwaye uhlolwe amehlo akho, usengozini enkulu yokonakala kwamehlo okusisigxina kunye nokulahlekelwa kukubona ngenxa yeMyopic Degeneration. Nangona ezi ngxaki ngamanye amaxesha zinokuthintelwa, zinokuthintelwa okanye ubuncinane zibambezeleke ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo rhoqo.

I-Myopia, ingakumbi xa inzima, inokuba yingxaki. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa ukwazi ukuba inokonakalisa amehlo akho kunokoyikisa. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-Myopic Degeneration yimeko ebonakala kwihlabathi liphela, iingcali zihlala zikhangela unyango olutsha nolungcono.

Ukuba une-Myopic Degeneration, ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokukunika iindlela zonyango kwaye akuncede ulawule iimpawu zakho ukuze ukwazi ukugxila kwizinto ezibalulekileyo kuwe.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

• Ukuba une-myopia enzima, lumka xa une-myopia degeneration, ingakumbi ukuba unikwa amayeza angaphezu kwe-6.00.
• Qaphela iimpawu: Lumka izinto ezifana namabala amnyama phakathi kwamehlo akho, ubunzima bokubona imibala, inkangeleko eshwabeneyo, kunye nezinto ezintantayo phambi kwamehlo akho.
• Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kubalulekile: Fumana uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba kukho ingxaki, ungayifumanisa kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango.
• Kukho unyango: Kukho unyango olwahlukeneyo olufumanekayo lokuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu nokunciphisa iingxaki. Musa ukoyika ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Izinto ezifana nokunika amehlo akho ukuphumla, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya zizinto ezilungileyo kwimpilo yamehlo.

Luxanduva lwakho ukunyamekela amehlo akho. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku nokuthatha amanyathelo afunekayo.

Ukuwohloka kweMyopic , Ukuwohloka kweMyopia, Ukuwohloka kwePathologic Myopia, Ukungaboni kakuhle, Izifo zamehlo, iRetina, Ukulahlekelwa kukubona