Ngaba wakha wambona umntwana omhle obonakala wahlukile kancinci, esoloko enoncumo ebusweni bakhe? Usenokuba ukhe wazibuza, 'Kutheni lo mntwana wahlukile kwabanye?' I-Down Syndrome yimeko echaphazela uninzi lwaba bantwana. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqonde kukuba esi asisosifo. Yimeko yemfuza. Ngoko ke, masisuse iingcamango eziphosakeleyo malunga noku kwaye sifunde ngakumbi ngala bantwana bahle kunye nehlabathi labo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iDown Syndrome?
Ukuze siqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sithethe ngeyunithi encinci emzimbeni wethu. Umzimba wethu wenziwe zizigidi zeeseli. Ngaphakathi kwezi seli nganye, kukho iseti "yemiyalelo" elawula yonke into emzimbeni wethu, emisela zonke iimpawu zomzimba wethu, njengobude bethu, umbala wamehlo, kunye nombala weenwele. Ezi seti zemiyalelo sizibiza ngokuba ziichromosomes .
Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu ophilileyo unezibini ezingama-23 zezi chromosomes kwiseli nganye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe ngama-46 eechromosomes. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana one-Down syndrome unekopi eyongezelelweyo ye-chromosome 21 endaweni yezimbini, kodwa ezintathu. Le chromosome eyongezelelweyo ibangela umahluko othile kuphuhliso lomzimba nolwengqondo lwaba bantwana.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akulotyala likamama okanye utata. Olu lutshintsho oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo kwimfuza. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokugxeka umntu okanye sokuziva ukhathazekile ngale nto.
Nangona uphando lufumanise ukuba abantwana abazelwe ngoomama abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 banamathuba amaninzi okuba nale meko, umama walo naluphi na ubudala unokuba nomntwana one-Down syndrome.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zaba bantwana?
Ayingabo bonke abantwana abaneDown syndrome abafanayo. Kodwa kukho iimpawu ezifanayo ezinokubonwa phakathi kwabo. Akukho nto umele uyoyike xa ubona ezi zinto, le yinxalenye yobuntu babo.
| Uhlobo oluneempawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Inkangeleko yobuso | Ungabona ubuso obuthe tyaba kancinci, amehlo afana ne-almond ajonge phezulu, impumlo encinci, neendlebe ezincinci. Ngamanye amaxesha ulwimi lunokuphuma kancinci emlonyeni. |
| Iimpawu zomzimba | Ngokwesiqhelo banomzimba omfutshane kunye nentamo emfutshane. Abantu abaninzi banomgca omnye onzulu (iSimian Crease) ohamba phezu kwesandla. Umzimba usenokubonakala ubuthathaka kancinci ngenxa yemisipha ephantsi. |
| Ukukhula nophuhliso | Basenokuthatha ixesha elide ukufikelela kwimigangatho yophuhliso lomzimba nengqondo kunabanye abantwana. Umzekelo, basenokufika emva kwexesha ekuhlaleni, ekuhambeni nasekuqaliseni ukuthetha. |
| Ubuntu | Le yeyona nto ikhethekileyo. Abantwana abaninzi abane-Down syndrome banothando kakhulu, bayathanda ukuba nabantu, kwaye bonwabile. Ukuhleka kwabo kuyasulela kakhulu. |
Masiqaphele neengxaki zempilo ezibangelwa yiDown syndrome.
Aba bantwana basengozini enkulu kancinci yokufumana iingxaki ezithile zempilo kunabanye. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu oza kuba nazo zonke ezi meko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku, uhlale unxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha womntwana wakho, kwaye ufumane uvavanyo lwezonyango olufunekayo kunye nonyango ngexesha.
- Iziphene Zentliziyo Ezizalwa Nazo: Phantse isiqingatha sabo bonke abantwana abaneDown syndrome banokuba nohlobo oluthile lwesiphene sentliziyo abazalwa naso. Uninzi lwaba ngoku lunokunyangeka ngempumelelo ngotyando.
- Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya: Abanye abantwana banokuba neengxaki ezithile kwinkqubo yabo yokugaya ukutya.
- Iingxaki zokuva nokubona: Kukho ithuba lokuba nokukhubazeka kokubona nokuva. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo.
- Iingxaki ze-thyroid: Kukho umngcipheko we-hypothyroidism, imeko apho imetabolism yomzimba ingasebenzi kakuhle.
- I-Sleep Apnea: Imeko apho ukuphefumla kuyeka okwethutyana ngexesha lokulala.
- Usulelo oluqhelekileyo: Ngenxa yobuthathaka obuthile kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nosulelo lweendlebe zinokwenzeka rhoqo.
Musa ukoyika xa ubona ezi zinto. Kukho unyango oluhle kakhulu kuzo zonke ezi zinto kwisayensi yezonyango yanamhlanje ephucukileyo. Okufunekayo kuphela yingqwalasela yabazali nabagcini kunye nesikhokelo esifanelekileyo sezonyango.
Singabaxhasa njani aba bantwana?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunceda umntwana one-Down syndrome aphile ubomi obuphumelelayo nobonwabisayo.
1. Ukungenelela Kwangoko
Oku kuthetha ukunceda umntwana akhule esemncinane. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomntwana,
- Unyango Lomzimba: Yomeleza izihlunu kwaye ikunceda uhambe, ubaleke, kwaye utsibe.
- Unyango lokuthetha: Lukunceda uthethe ngokucacileyo kwaye udlulise izimvo.
- Unyango Lomsebenzi: Lukufundisa indlela yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokutya nokuzinxibisa.
Ngale ndlela, ungandisa amandla omntwana wakho. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokufuna uncedo lweengcali zonyango ezifanelekileyo kule nto.
2. Imfundo namathuba alinganayo
Bubuxoki obupheleleyo ukuba abantwana abane-Down syndrome abanakufunda. Bafunda ngesantya sabo. Imfundo ebandakanya bonke, ebavumela ukuba bafunde kwizikolo eziqhelekileyo nabanye abantwana, ibanceda baphuhlise izakhono zabo zentlalo. Abaninzi banokufunda, ukubhala, kwaye bade babe nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
3. Uthando, ukwamkelwa kunye nokukhuthaza
Aba bantwana abadingi uvelwano lwethu. Badinga uthando, umonde, ukwamkelwa, kunye nenkuthazo. Bhiyozela noloyiso lwabo luncinci. Ukuba kuthatha ixesha ukwenza into ethile, yiba nomonde kwaye ubavumele bayenze. Thina njengoluntu kufuneka sifunde ukubathanda kunye nokwahlukana kwabo, singabahleki.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho umntwana one-Down syndrome kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Musa ukumhlukanisa, mjoyine ekudlaleni nomntwana wakho. Yiba ngumthombo wamandla engqondo kubazali baloo mntwana. Utshintsho lwethu oluncinci lunokuba ngamandla amakhulu kuloo ntsapho.
Namhlanje, ngenxa yonyango olungcono kunye nenkxaso yoluntu, umyinge wobomi babantu abane-Down syndrome unyukile waya kwiminyaka engama-55-60. Uninzi lwabo luphila ngokuzimela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Down Syndrome ayisosifo. Yimeko yemfuza eyenzeka ngengozi kwaye ayibangelwanga yimpazamo yomntu.
- Nangona ukukhula kwabantwana ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo kuhamba kancinci, banamandla apheleleyo okufunda, ukuphuhlisa iitalente zabo, nokuphila ngolonwabo.
- Abafuni uvelwano, kodwa bafuna uthando, ukwamkelwa, ukunyamezelana, kunye namathuba alinganayo njengaye wonke umntu kuluntu.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho une-Down syndrome, ungaze uzive ulilolo. Thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ufumane inkxaso yezonyango efunekayo kunye nolwalathiso.
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