Ngaba zonke iihomoni zakho zepituitary ziphantsi? Masithethe nge-panhypopituitarism!

Ngamanye amaxesha izinto emizimbeni yethu azisebenzi njengoko bekulindelwe, akunjalo? IiHormones liqela lezithunywa ezibalulekileyo ezibandakanyeka phantse kuyo yonke inkqubo emzimbeni wethu. Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale nkqubo yeehomoni, inokuchaphazela ubomi bethu bonke. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko engaqhelekanga ekufuneka wonke umntu ayiqaphele. Loo nto yi-panhypopituitarism.

Yintoni iPanhypopituitarism?

Ngamafutshane, i-panhypopituitarism yimeko engaqhelekanga apho i-pituitary gland, i-gland encinci engqondweni yethu, ingavelisi ngokwaneleyo okanye ingenazo zonke iihomoni ezivelisayo. Inxalenye ethi "pan" ithetha "zonke." Le meko inokuchaphazela iintsana, abantwana, kunye nabantu abadala.

Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza, "Zithini ezi hormones? Kutheni zibaluleke kangaka?" Kulungile, makhe sijonge loo nto.

Iihormones zifana nabathunywa emizimbeni yethu. Ziikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo. Zihamba egazini lethu kwaye zithwala imiyalezo kwizitho ezahlukeneyo, kwimisipha, nakwezinye izicwili. Ziyahambelana, oko kukuthi, zilawula kwaye zilungelelanise imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba wethu, zisithi "yenza oku, kwenze ngeli xesha, kwenze ngale ndlela."

I-pituitary gland yethu ilingana ne-pea ngobukhulu. Ikwisiseko sobuchopho bethu, ngaphantsi nje kwe-hypothalamus. (I-hypothalamus yindawo ephambili engqondweni elawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, kuquka nenkqubo yethu ye-autonomic nervous system.) Nangona incinci, i-pituitary gland idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu ye-endocrine. Oko kukuthi, zezi hormone ze-pituitary ezilawula izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu, ezifana ne-metabolism, ukukhula, kunye nokuzala.

Ngokwesiqhelo, imizimba yethu ilawula ngononophelo la manqanaba eehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nayiphi na kwezi homoni iba sezantsi kakhulu, inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neengxaki zempilo. I-Panhypopituitarism kuxa zonke iihomoni eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland ziphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela uluhlu lweempawu.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwePanhypopituitarism kunye neHypopituitarism?

La magama mabini afana kancinci, ngoko ke anokubhida. Cinga ngayo, i-hypopituitarism yimeko apho i-hormone enye okanye ezingaphezulu ziveliswa yi-pituitary gland. I-Panhypopituitarism yimeko ekhethekileyo nebanzi kakhulu efanayo. Oko kukuthi, i-panhypopituitarism kukungabikho kwazo zonke ii-hormone eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland. Igama elithi "pan" lithetha "zonke", ngoko ke lichaza le meko.

Zeziphi iihomoni eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeehomoni ezenziwa kwaye zikhutshwa (zikhutshwa) yi-pituitary gland yethu. Ngayinye yazo inomsebenzi othile. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na:

• I-hormone ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH okanye i-corticotropin): Oku kukhuthaza amadlala ethu e-adrenal ukuba avelise i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-cortisol. Le cortisol ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'stress hormone'. Ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eglucose egazini.
• I-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Le hormone inceda ekuvuseleleni ukuveliswa kwesidoda kumadoda kwaye ivuselela ama-ovari kubasetyhini ukuba avelise i-hormone i-estrogen kunye namaqanda avuthiweyo.
• Ihomoni yokukhula (GH): Njengoko igama lisitsho, ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwabantwana. Ikwanceda ukugcina izihlunu namathambo esempilweni kubantu abadala, kwaye ichaphazela ukusasazwa kwamafutha emzimbeni. I-GH ikwabandakanyeka kwimetabolism yethu.
• I-Luteinizing hormone (LH): I-LH iyadingeka ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhutshwa kweqanda kwabasetyhini kunye nokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-testosterone kumadoda.
• I-Prolactin: Le hormone ivuselela ukuveliswa kobisi lwebele emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Ingachaphazela nomjikelo wokuya exesheni kwabasetyhini kunye nokuzala kunye nomsebenzi wesondo kubantu abadala.
• Ihomoni evuselela i-thyroid (TSH): Oku kuvuselela i-thyroid gland yethu ukuba ivelise iihomoni ze-thyroid, ezilawula imetabolism, amandla, kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Ukongeza kwezi, i-pituitary gland igcina kwaye ikhuphe ezinye iihomoni ezimbini xa kufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zenziwa yi-hypothalamus:

• I-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH okanye i-vasopressin): Le hormone ilawula ubungakanani bamanzi kunye ne-sodium (ityuwa) emzimbeni wethu.
• I-Oxytocin: Inceda abafazi ukuba banciphise isibeleko sabo ngexesha lokubeleka, kwaye ikwanceda ukuhamba kobisi lwebele. Kuthiwa le hormone ikwachaphazela ubudlelwane phakathi kwabazali nabantwana.

Uyabona, umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu owenziwa yile gland incinci ye-pituitary! Ngoko ke, ukuncipha kwezi hormones zonke kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko ye-panhypopituitarism?

Enyanisweni, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-panhypopituitarism inokwenzeka nakubani na, nangaliphi na ixesha. Akukho mda okanye isigaba esithile seminyaka.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu . Ehlabathini lonke, esi sifo sibikwa kubantu abane kuphela kwikhulu lamawaka ngonyaka. Ngenxa yoko, kuqhelekile ukungava nto ingako ngaso.

Ngaba iPanhypopituitarism ingasongela ubomi?

Ewe, kwezinye iimeko le meko inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ingakumbi ukuba i-hormone ye-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) iphantsi kakhulu, inokuba yingozi.

Isizathu soku kukuba ukunqongophala kwe-ACTH kunokubangela imeko engxamisekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi -adrenal crisis . Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"acute cortisol insufficiency". I-ACTH yiyo elawula amanqanaba ethu e-cortisol. Ngoko ke xa i-ACTH iphelile, i-cortisol ayiveliswa. Le ngxaki ye-adrenal yimeko efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Iimpawu zengxaki ye-adrenal zingabandakanya:

• Ifiva
• Ubuthathaka obukhulu
• Ukudideka (ukungaqondakali)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi)
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-tachycardia)
• Ukuhlanza
• Urhudo
• Iswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia)

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo!

Zithini iimpawu zePanhypopituitarism?

Iimpawu zesi sifo zinokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingakanani na i-hormone ye-pituitary esweleyo kunye nokuba imeko iqhubeka ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci kangakanani.

Nazi ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala kubantwana nakubantu abadala:

• Isicaphucaphu okanye isiyezi
• Ukudinwa kakhulu
• Ukudakumba kunye/okanye ixhala
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo
• Iswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia)
• Ukungakwazi ukunyamezela umkhuhlane
• Ulusu olomileyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• Ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukuzuza ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Amanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-lipid egazini kunye ne-cholesterol (i-dyslipidemia)
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-tachycardia)
• Ukoma kakhulu kunye nokuchama rhoqo
• Imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga kubafazi
• Ukungazali kwabasetyhini
• Ukungazali kwamadoda

Kukho ezinye iimpawu ezichaphazela ngokukodwa iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, iintsana, kunye/okanye abantwana abancinci:

• I-jaundice ende kwiintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa
• Ipenisi encinci kwiintsana ezingamaduna (i-micropenis)
• Ukukhula okukhawulezileyo (akukhulanga kube mde)
• Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo

Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zinokufana nezinye iimeko zonyango, kubalulekile ukufumana uxilongo olufanelekileyo ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezingapheliyo ezifana nezi. Ngoko ke, bonana nogqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Zithini izizathu ze-panhypopituitarism?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela le meko. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha abakwazi ukufumana unobangela othile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic panhypopituitarism.

Ngokubanzi, esona sizathu siphambili soku kukuba i-hypothalamus kunye/okanye i-pituitary gland yethu yonakele ngandlela thile, nto leyo ebangele ukuba enye okanye zombini zingasebenzi kakuhle.

Ukuze uqonde ezi zizathu, kufuneka ube nokuqonda okuncinci kwendlela esebenza ngayo i-hypothalamus kunye ne-pituitary gland yethu.

Ulwalamano lwe-Hypothalamus-pituitary gland

Cinga nge-hypothalamus yethu, i-pituitary gland, kunye ne-pituitary gland njenge-CEO kunye nomphathi wenkampani enkulu. Ezi zimbini zisebenza njengeziko eliphambili lolawulo lobuchopho bethu (i-hypothalamus-pituitary complex), zilawula iinkqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni.

I-hypothalamus yinxalenye yengqondo yethu enoxanduva lwemisebenzi eliqela esisiseko yomzimba. Ithumela imiyalezo kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo. Ikwaxelela i-pituitary gland ukuba "yenze ezi hormone, izikhulule." Ezi hormone ze-pituitary zichaphazela amanye amalungu omzimba.

I-pituitary gland iqhagamshelwe kwi-hypothalamus ngesiqu esinemithambo yegazi kunye nemicu yemithambo-luvo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"pituitary stem." Kungesi siqu apho i-hypothalamus inxibelelana khona ne-pituitary gland.

I-hypothalamus ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi ukuvuselela i-pituitary gland:

• I-hormone ekhupha i-corticotropin
• I-Dopamine
• Ihomoni ekhupha iGonadotropin
• I-hormone yokukhulisa i-hormone
• I-Somatostatin
• I-hormone ekhupha i-Thyrotropin

Ngenxa yokuba i-pituitary gland kunye ne-hypothalamus zisebenza ngokusondeleyo, umonakalo kwenye unokuchaphazela ukusebenza kweehomoni kwenye. Le yimvelaphi esisiseko yophuhliso lwe-panhypopituitarism.

Izizathu ezinxulumene ne-pituitary gland

Iimeko ezingonakalisa i-pituitary gland kwaye zibangele i-panhypopituitarism ziquka:

• I-pituitary adenomas (ezi zi-tumor ezingezizo zomhlaza)
• Utyando lwe-pituitary gland (oludla ngokususwa kwezi adenomas)
• Unyango lwemitha lwe-pituitary adenoma
• I-pituitary apoplexy (ukutshatyalaliswa ngequbuliso kwezicubu ze-pituitary ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi kwi-pituitary gland okanye ukopha)
• I-pituitary gland ayikhuli kakuhle okanye yenziwa ngendlela engaqhelekanga xa izalwa.

Izizathu ezinxulumene ne-hypothalamus

Iimeko ezinokonakalisa i-hypothalamus kwaye zibangele i-panhypopituitarism ziquka:

• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (TBI)
• Utyando lobuchopho olwenziwa kwi-hypothalamus okanye kufutshane nayo
• Iithumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza ezikhula kwi-hypothalamus (umz. i-craniopharyngiomas)
• Umhlaza osasazeke (owakhiwe yi-metastasized) waya kwi-hypothalamus usuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni (umz. umhlaza wamaphaphu, wamabele)
• I-Hydrocephalus (uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo engqondweni)
• Istroke
• I-meningitis enesifo sephepha

Ifunyanwa njani iPanhypopituitarism?

Ukuba uneempawu zesi sifo, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango, aze emva koko enze uvavanyo lomzimba.

Emva koko, kuyalelwa iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ukuqinisekisa imeko ye-panhypopituitarism kunye nokuthintela ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela ezi mpawu.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Oogqirha badla ngokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze baxilonge esi sifo, kuquka iimvavanyo zomfanekiso kunye novavanyo lwamanqanaba eehomoni.

Uvavanyo lokufota

I-Panhypopituitarism ibangelwa kukonakala kwe-hypothalamus okanye i-pituitary gland, kwaye iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezinje ngezi zinokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela:

• Iskeni seBrain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Iskeni seMRI sisebenzisa amaza erediyo kunye nemagnethi enamandla ukuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba. Iskeni zeMRI zithathwa njengeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana izimila zepituitary. Zinokunceda ekuchongeni ezinye iingxaki zehypothalamus okanye i-pituitary gland.
• Iskeni yobuchopho ye-CT (Computed Tomography): Iskeni ye-CT isebenzisa i-X-reyi kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho. Olu vavanyo lungasetyenziselwa ukujonga ithumba lobuchopho okanye i-pituitary adenoma. Inokunceda ekuchongeni ezinye iingxaki kwi-hypothalamus okanye kwi-pituitary gland.

Uvavanyo lweehomoni

Ukuba uneempawu ze-panhypopituitarism, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka alinganise amanqanaba ehomoni nganye ekhutshwa yi-pituitary gland. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ihomoni nganye iphantsi kangakanani kwaye kuthintelwe ezinye izifo.

Nangona ezinye iihomoni zepituitary zihlala zikhona egazini lethu kwinqanaba elifanayo, ezinye iihomoni ziyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu imini yonke. Ke ngoko, ezinye iimvavanyo zehomoni zinokwenziwa njengovavanyo lwegazi olulula, ngelixa ezinye zifuna uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokukhuthaza.

Uvavanyo lwezinga lehomoni luquka:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula lunokulinganisa iihomoni zepituitary ezifana nehomoni evuselela i-thyroid (TSH), i-prolactin, ihomoni evuselela i-follicle (FSH), kunye nehomoni evuselela i-luteinizing (LH). Zinokulinganisa nezinye iihomoni ezichaphazeleka ziihomoni zepituitary, ezifana ne-thyroxine, i-estrogen, kunye ne-testosterone.
• Uvavanyo lokukhuthaza i-ACTH:Oku kuvavanya indlela amadlala akho e-adrenal asabela ngayo kwi-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Oku kuquka ukukunika inaliti ye-ACTH yokwenziwa kunye nokuthatha iisampuli zegazi rhoqo.
• Uvavanyo lokukhuthaza i-Growth hormone (GH): Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukujova ngeyeza. Eli yeza lidla ngokuvuselela i-pituitary gland ukuba ikhuphe i-growth hormone. Emva koko, kuya kuthathwa isampuli yegazi lakho kwaye amanqanaba akho e-GH aya kulinganiswa.
• Uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-insulin: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuchongeni ukusilela kwehomoni yokukhula (GH) kunye ne-ACTH.

Iphathwa njani iPanhypopituitarism?

Unyango lwale meko luyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni amanqanaba ehomoni ye-pituitary aphantsi kangakanani kwaye yintoni imbangela eyintloko. Ke ngoko, isicwangciso sonyango sisodwa. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugqiba isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi:

• Unyango lokutshintshwa kwamahomoni: Injongo yoku kukubuyisela iihomoni zepituitary eziye zancitshiswa ziye kwinqanaba elisempilweni. Abantu abane-panhypopituitarism baya kufuna unyango lokutshintshwa kwamahomoni ubomi bonke ngaphandle kokuba unobangela oyintloko unokunyangeka. Amanye amayeza okutshintshwa kwamahomoni athathwa njengeepilisi, ngelixa amanye enikwa njengeenaliti.
• Utyando: Ukuba imeko ibangelwa yi-brain tumor okanye i-pituitary adenoma, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokususa i-tumor.
• Unyango ngemitha: Ukuba imeko ibangelwa yi-brain tumor okanye i-pituitary adenoma, unyango ngemitha lunokucetyiswa ukunyanga okanye ukunciphisa i-tumor.
• IiCorticosteroids: Kusenokufuneka uthathe iidosi eziphezulu zeecorticosteroids ngaphambi naxa kukho nawuphi na umcimbi obangela uxinzelelo lomzimba okanye lwengqondo. Izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lomzimba ziquka ukugula, usulelo, kunye notyando. Ezi corticosteroids zinikwa indawo yeehomoni zeadrenal ezingaveliswanga ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-ACTH. Ezi homoni zibalulekile xa umzimba uphantsi koxinzelelo.

Ngaba iPanhypopituitarism inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Kwezinye iimeko, i-panhypopituitarism inokuguqulwa ngokunyanga unobangela oyintloko (umzekelo, ukususa ngotyando i-pituitary adenoma eyayicinezela i-pituitary gland, ukuba i-gland ayonakali). Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi , ukusilela kwehomoni okubangelwa yi-panhypopituitarism kufuna unyango lobomi bonke.

Ngaba le meko ingathintelwa?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho ndlela yokuthintela i-panhypopituitarism. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usengozini yokuba nale meko, kukho iindlela zokuyifumanisa kwangethuba.

Ukuba ukhe wahlangabezana nayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-panhypopituitarism:

• Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando engqondweni okanye kwi-pituitary gland.
• Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa ngemitha yokukhanya engqondweni okanye kwi-pituitary gland.
• Ukuba ingqondo ifumene umothuko ngenxa yengozi (ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu).
• Ukuba unesifo se-hydrocephalus (ukwanda kolwelo engqondweni).

Ukuba usemngciphekweni, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba ujonge ukusebenza kunye nempilo ye-pituitary gland yakho kunye/okanye i-hypothalamus.

Ithini ingqikelelo ye-panhypopituitarism?

Imbonakalo yesi sifo, oko kukuthi, indlela esiza kuphila ngayo isigulana kwixesha elizayo, ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ingakanani i-hormone ye-pituitary nganye ephantsi.
• Ubudala bakho xa esi sifo saqala.
• Ngaba le meko iza kukhula kancinci okanye ngokukhawuleza?
• Isifo singafunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwaye unyango luqalwe nini?

I-Panhypopituitarism ifunyenwe inxulumene nomgangatho wobomi ophantsi kakhulu kunye nobude bobomi.

Abantu abanale meko badla ngokuba sengozini enkulu yokutyeba kakhulu, ukuncipha kobunzima bomzimba, kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Basenokuba sengozini enkulu ye-osteoporosis (ukubhitya kwamathambo) kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo.

Nangona kunjalo, unyango olupheleleyo nolucoselelo lokutshintshwa kweehomoni kunye nokubeka esweni ngokusondeleyo izinto ezinobungozi bentliziyo kunokuphucula iziphumo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ukuba une-panhypopituitarism?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-panhypopituitarism, okanye ufunyaniswe ukuba unesi sifo, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha we-endocrinologist, ugqirha ochwephesha ekunyangeni iingxaki ezinxulumene neehomoni.

Kuya kufuneka ubone i-endocrinologist yakho rhoqo ebomini bakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuba unyango lwakho lokutshintshwa kweehomoni lusebenza kakuhle kwaye uphephe ukutshintshwa kweehomoni ngokugqithisileyo.

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ufumana uxilongo olutsha. Kodwa ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo malunga ne-panhypopituitarism. Ekubeni idla ngokufuna unyango lobomi bonke kunye nokuhlolwa kweehomoni, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo. Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ezikhathazayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Panhypopituitarism yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa enzulu apho zonke iihomoni eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland zincipha khona.
• Zininzi izizathu zoku, ikakhulu umonakalo kwi-pituitary gland okanye kwi-hypothalamus.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokubakho neemeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nengxaki ye-adrenal . Ngoko ke, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.
• Izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-MRI/CT scans ziyafuneka ukuze kufunyanwe isifo ngokuchanekileyo.
• Unyango ludla ngokubandakanya unyango lokutshintsha iihomoni ubomi bonke.
• Ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho nokufumana uvavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, unokuphila ngempumelelo nale meko.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Khumbula, awuwedwa, kwaye oogqirha kunye nababoneleli bezempilo bakhona ukukunceda.

I- Panhypopituitarism, i-pituitary gland, ukungabikho kwamahomoni, i-hypothalamus, unyango lwamahomoni, iithumba zobuchopho, i-ACTH