Abafazi abaninzi bayoyika kancinci, baphoxeke, okanye baphoxeke xa besiva ngolu vavanyo lwe-"Pap Smear". Kukho amaxesha apho bacinga, "Owu, bekungekho ngxaki kwixesha elidlulileyo, kutheni uphinda wenze njalo?" Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba olu vavanyo lulula, lwemizuzu embalwa lunamandla kwaye luxabisekile kangangokuba lunokusindisa ubomi bakho? Ngoko ke namhlanje, masisuse zonke iinkxalabo kunye nemibuzo malunga noku kwaye sithethe ngayo ngokulula, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Pap smear?
I-Pap smear, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-Pap, yenziwa ikakhulu ukujonga umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko . Umlomo wesibeleko ngumthombo ovulekela isibeleko sakho. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli encinci yeeseli kumphezulu womlomo wesibeleko uze uzihlole phantsi kwe-microscope.
Eyona nto inkulu neyona ibalulekileyo ngale nto kukuba endaweni yokufumanisa ukuba kukho umhlaza na, inokuchonga iiseli ezingaphambi komhlaza ezinokuba ngumhlaza . Njengokuba ukubona umsi omncinci endlwini kunokuthintela umlilo omkhulu ukuba ungenzeki. Ukuba ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zichongiwe kwangethuba, zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olulula ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumhlaza.
Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi "Pap" ukuhlonipha uGqr. George Papanicolaou, ugqirha waseMelika owalwenzayo.
Yintoni kanye kanye le vavanyo ifuna ntoni?
Uvavanyo lwePap lugxila kwiingongoma eziphambili ezininzi.
- Umhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko: Oku kwenziwa ngokujonga ngqo iiseli zomhlaza kumlomo wesibeleko.
- I-Dysplasia: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ikhangela utshintsho kwiiseli ezinokuba ngumhlaza . Ukuba ezi zifunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula kakhulu ukuzinyanga.
- I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lwe-HPV lwenziwa kunye novavanyo lwe-Pap. I-HPV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo edluliselwa ngesondo. Ezinye iintlobo zale ntsholongwane ye-HPV zezona zibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
Kubalulekile: Uvavanyo lwePap alunakubona ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) ezifana ne-gonorrhea okanye i-chlamydia. Ezi kufuneka zivavanywe ngokwahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokunika umbono othile wezifo ezifana ne-trichomonas, iibhaktheriya, okanye izifo ze-yeast.
Uvavanyo lwePap kufuneka lwenziwe xa luneminyaka emingaphi kwaye kangaphi?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, imbali yempilo, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lwangaphambili. Nantsi into edla ngokucetyiswa:
| Iqela leminyaka | Ixesha elicetyiswayo |
|---|---|
| Iminyaka engama-21 ukuya kwengama-30 ubudala | Yenza uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu . |
| Iminyaka engama-30 ukuya kuma-65 ubudala | Ungakhetha ukuba uvavanyo lwePap kunye novavanyo lweHPV kunye (uvavanyo lwePap) rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu okanye uvavanyo lwePap kuphela rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ugqibe ukuba yintoni ekulungeleyo. |
| Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala | Ukuba zonke iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwangaphambili ziqhelekile kwaye awunazo izinto ezikhethekileyo ezinokubangela umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba uyeke uvavanyo. |
Ngubani ekufuneka avavanywe rhoqo?
Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo ngaphambi kwexesha eli, okanye emva kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Ezi meko ziquka:
- Ukuba wosulelwe yi-HIV, okanye ukuba amasosha omzimba akho abuthathaka ngenxa yonyango lomhlaza (i-chemotherapy) okanye enye imeko yezonyango.
- Ukuba umama wakho wathatha iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiDiethylstilbestrol (DES) ngelixa wayekuthwele esibelekweni sakhe (eli yayiliyeza elalinikwa oomama abakhulelweyo kude kube malunga no-1971).
- Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngaphambili.
- Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwePap zangaphambili bezingaqhelekanga .
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela la manyathelo ukuqala malunga neentsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Kuphephe ukulala ngesondo kwilungu lobufazi iintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Musa ukusebenzisa ii-tampons, iikhrimu zesini okanye amayeza, iifoam zokulawula ukuzala okanye iijeli, ii-lubricants, okanye ii-douches kangangeentsuku ezimbini .
- Kungcono ukucwangcisa uvavanyo emva kokuba ixesha lakho liphelile . Ukuba ungena kwixesha lakho ngomhla wovavanyo, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wenze ntoni. Kusenokufuneka utshintshe usuku, njengoko ukopha kakhulu kunokuchaphazela iziphumo.
Indlela yokwenza uvavanyo - akukho nto yokoyika!
Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwigumbi likagqirha. Konke oku kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje. Awunasizathu sokoyika okanye sokuba neentloni. Ugqirha kunye nabongikazi baza kukunceda kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, uza kucelwa ukuba ukhulule impahla yakho engaphantsi kwesinqe okanye utshintshe ngokupheleleyo uze unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.
2. Emva koko uya kulaliswa etafileni ekhethekileyo yokuhlolwa kwaye imilenze yakho ifakwe kwi-stirrups. Uya kunikwa ilaphu okanye iphepha lokugubungela imilenze yakho.
3. Okulandelayo, ugqirha uza kufaka kancinci isixhobo seplastiki okanye sesinyithi esibizwa ngokuba yi-'speculum' kwisini sakho. Usenokuziva ucinezelekile kancinci ngeli xesha. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziselwa ukuvula isini kancinci kwaye sibone ngokucacileyo umlomo wesibeleko.
4. Emva koko, usebenzisa ibrashi encinci okanye i-spatula ethambileyo, susa iiseli kancinci kumphezulu wesibeleko. Oku akubuhlungu.
5. Isampulu yeseli eqokelelweyo ifakwa kwibhotile encinci equlethe ulwelo olukhethekileyo, kwaye i-speculum iyasuswa.
Yiyo leyo. Yonke le nkqubo ithatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5.
Usenokuva amathontsi amancinci egazi emva kovavanyo. Oku kuqhelekile, ungakhathazeki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukopha kuhlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 okanye ukuba unentlungu okanye ukungakhululeki, nceda wazise ugqirha wakho.
Xa ufumana iziphumo... kuthetha ukuthini oko?
Isampulu yeseli yakho ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe. Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuba iziphumo zibuye. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeziphumo.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo | Intsingiselo elula |
|---|---|
| Eqhelekileyo / Embi | Iindaba ezimnandi! Akukho ziseli zingaqhelekanga ezifunyenweyo kwisibeleko sakho. Yonke into isempilweni. Uza kwenza uvavanyo lwakho olulandelayo kwiminyaka emi-3-5. |
| Akucaci (Akucaci / Akuvamile) | Ngamanye amaxesha, ilebhu ayinakukwazi ukuqiniseka ukuba iiseli ziqhelekile okanye aziqhelekanga ngenxa yezizathu ezifana neesampuli zeseli ezinganelanga okanye usulelo. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukucela ukuba uphinde wenze uvavanyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. |
| Okungaqhelekanga (Okungaqhelekanga / Okulungileyo) | Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho oluthile oluye lwabonwa kwiiseli zomlomo wesibeleko. Musa ukoyika ngenxa yesi siphumo! Oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Amaxesha amaninzi olu lutshintsho olwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba lube ngumhlaza. Ugqirha uza kukucela ukuba wenze olunye uvavanyo (i-colposcopy) ukuze ahlolisise ngakumbi le meko. |
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko ukuba kufunyenwe isiphumo esingaqhelekanga?
Ukuba iziphumo zakho aziqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-colposcopy .
Oku kulula njengovavanyo lwePap. Okwenzayo apha kukujonga umlomo wesibeleko sakho ngokusondeleyo ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokukhulisa (i-colposcope). Ungazibona ngokucacileyo iindawo ocinga ukuba kukho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga kuzo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili (i-biopsy) kuloo ndawo lize lithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze livavanywe ngakumbi. Le yindlela onokuqiniseka ngayo ngotshintsho oluchanekileyo kwiiseli.
Eminye imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Ngaba kufuneka uvavanyo lwePap emva kokususwa kwesibeleko?
Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo kunye nesizathu salo.
- Ukuba umlomo wakho wesibeleko awuzange ususwe ngexesha lotyando lwakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza uvavanyo lwePap.
- Ukuba umlomo wakho wesibeleko ususwe ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lotyando, kwaye utyando aluzange lwenzelwe umhlaza (kwimeko efana ne-fibroids, umzekelo), mhlawumbi akuyi kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-Pap kwakhona.
- Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lokususa umlomo wesibeleko ngenxa yomhlaza wesibeleko, wesibeleko, okanye wesibeleko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uqhubeke novavanyo ukuze kujongwe umngcipheko wokufumana iiseli zomhlaza kwinxalenye ephezulu yesini sakho. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Ngaba intombi eyintombi ifuna uvavanyo lwePap?
Ewe. Ipesenti encinci kakhulu yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ibangelwa kukungabikho kwemisebenzi yesondo. Kwakhona, i-HPV, eyona nto ibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ngamanye amaxesha inokudluliselwa ngokunxibelelana kwesikhumba nolusu ngaphandle kokulalana. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-Pap ngokweshedyuli ecetyiswayo emva kweminyaka engama-21, nokuba uyalalana okanye awulali .
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awuyenzi iPap test?
Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekuphela kwayo yokufumanisa utshintsho kwiiseli ngaphambi kokuba lube ngumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ukuba awulwenzi olu vavanyo, usenokungazi ukuba iiseli zomhlaza ziyakhula emzimbeni wakho. Xa umhlaza sele ukhulile kwaye iimpawu zibonakala, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sele kudlule ixesha ukuwunyanga.
Khumbula, ukubhaqwa kwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusindisa ubomi, kwaye uvavanyo lwePap lithuba elibaluleke kakhulu lokwenza loo nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Pap Smear luvavanyo olusindisa ubomi olunokuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Musa ukoyika okanye uzive uneentloni ngayo.
- Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba iyakwazi ukubona utshintsho kwiiseli olukhokelela kumhlaza ngaphambi kokuba lukhule.
- Qiniseka ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokweshedyuli ecetywayo ngugqirha wakho, ehambelana neminyaka yakho kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
- Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo "aziqhelekanga" akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Musa ukuwoyika kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, thetha ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
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