Sonke siye seva kancinci ngomhlaza webele. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza webele? Ezinye iintlobo kulula ukuzinyanga, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zinzima kwaye zinzima. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza webele olunzima kancinci, kodwa olunokulawulwa ukuba luqondwa kakuhle kwaye lunyangwa. Oku kubizwa ngoogqirha ngokuthi "umhlaza webele ongalunganga kathathu" okanye `(umhlaza webele ongalunganga kathathu - TNBC)`.
Yintoni le Triple-Negative?
Ngamafutshane, kukho izinto ezintathu eziphambili ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza webele zikhule. Ziihormone i-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone, kunye neproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-HER2. Cinga ngezi "ngcango" kwiiseli zomhlaza. Oogqirha banika "izitshixo" (oko kukuthi, amayeza afana nonyango lweehomoni) ahambelana nezi "ngcango" kwaye athintele ukukhula komhlaza.
Nangona kunjalo, kumhlaza one-triple-negative, iiseli zomhlaza azinazo zonke ezi ngcango zintathu (i-estrogen, i-progesterone, i-HER2). Oku kuthetha ukuba 'azinazo'. Ngenxa yokuba ezo ngcango azikho, izinto ezifana nonyango lweehomoni oluhlala lunikwa azisebenzi kolu hlobo lomhlaza. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, olu hlobo lomhlaza luthathwa njengolunamandla ngakumbi, lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo.
Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ayinakunyangwa. Akunjalo konke konke! Kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinamandla ezinokunceda. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Zithini iimpawu zalo mhlaza?
Iimpawu zomhlaza webele oneempawu ezintathu ezingezizo ezibangela umhlaza webele zihlala zifana nezezinye iintlobo zomhlaza webele. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iqhubu okanye ukujiya kwebele | Iqhuma elitsha elalingekho ngaphambili, onokuliva esandleni sakho. |
| Intlungu/ububomvu bebele okanye ingono | Intlungu engapheliyo okanye ukubomvu okucacileyo. |
| Ukuguqulwa okanye ukukhutshwa kweengono | Ingono eyayiqhelekile ngaphambili iyajika okanye kuphume ulwelo (olungelulo ubisi). |
| Ukudumba kwamabele | Iqhuma lisenokungavakali, kodwa inxalenye okanye lonke ibele lisenokudumba. |
| Ulusu olufana nexolo leorenji | Iimbobo eluswini lwebele ziyakhula, zijongeka njengomphezulu wexolo leorenji. |
| Amaqhuqhuva ekhwapheni okanye ajikeleze ingalo | Amaqhuqhuva e-lymph (iiqhuqhuva) avuvukileyo kwindawo engasecaleni okanye kufutshane ne-collarbone. |
| Utshintsho kwimo okanye ubungakanani besifuba | Elinye ibele libonakala lahlukile kakhulu kwelinye. |
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana lo mhlaza?
Oogqirha abakayazi imbangela echanekileyo yolu hlobo lomhlaza. Kwakhona ayiqhelekanga kangako, ichaphazela kuphela i-10%-20% yabasetyhini abafumana umhlaza webele. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala .
- Abantu abane -BRCA gene change , ingakumbi i-BRCA1 gene. Olu lutshintsho lwe-genetic oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
- Abafazi abatyebe kakhulu kwaye abangazilolongi emva kokuya exesheni (ukuyeka ukuya exesheni) .
Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unomhlaza?
Ngugqirha kuphela onokukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza onalo. Oku kubandakanya iimvavanyo ezininzi.
1. I-Mammogram kunye ne-ultrasound scan: Ezi zinokubona amaqhuma okanye iingxaki ngaphakathi kwebele.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-Biopsy `(Biopsy)`: Yile ntoOlona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolubalulekileyo . Okwenziwayo apha kukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu kwiqhuma elirhanelekayo phantsi kwe-anesthesia size silithumele kugqirha oyingcali ohlola isicubu.
3. Uvavanyo lwezicubu: Isampuli yezicubu ihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingaba inomhlaza okanye akunjalo. Ukuba inomhlaza, ihlolwa "iingcango" ebesithethe ngazo ngaphambili ezibizwa ngokuba yi-estrogen, i-progesterone, kunye ne-'HER2'. Ukuba zonke ezintathu azinawo umhlaza, ifunyaniswa ukuba inomhlaza oneentsholongwane ezintathu.
Ukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza
Emva kokuba umhlaza ufunyenwe, ugqirha uya kugqiba "inqanaba lawo." Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza mkhulu kangakanani kwaye usasazeke kangakanani. Oku kunokubandakanya iimvavanyo ezifana ne-MRI, i-CT scan, kunye ne-PET scan.
Inkqubo ye-`TNM` yindlela eyamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela.
- T (Ithumba): Ingakanani ithumba? (Amanqaku ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-4)
- N (Amaqhuqhuva): Ngaba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane? (Amanqaku angama-0-3)
- M (Metastasis): Ngaba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude ezifana nemiphunga, isibindi, okanye amathambo? (0 okanye 1)
Kusekelwe kweli nqanaba apho ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Umxube wonyango uhlala usetyenziswa kumhlaza oneempawu ezintathu.
1. Unyango ngamakhemikhali
Olu lolona nyango luphambili nolubaluleke kakhulu kolu hlobo lomhlaza. Lubandakanya ukunika umzimba amayeza anamandla abulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ukuba lufunyenwe kwangethuba, olu mhlaza lusabela kakuhle kwi-chemotherapy.
- I-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: I-Chemotherapy enikwa ngaphambi kotyando ukuze inciphise ithumba kwaye yenze utyando lube lula.
- I-Adjuvant Chemotherapy: I-Chemotherapy enikwa emva kotyando ukuze kutshatyalaliswe naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
2. Utyando
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zotyando.
- Ukususwa kweqhubu elinomhlaza kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu ezijikeleze lona.
- Ukususwa kwebele lonke: Ukususwa kwebele lonke. Ngenxa yokuba lo mhlaza unamandla kakhulu, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba kususwe ibele lonke (i-mastectomy).
3. Unyango lweMisebe
Emva kotyando, olu nyango lunikezelwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zihlale kuloo ndawo kwaye zithintele umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi.
4. Unyango lwe-immunotherapy
Le yindlela entsha yonyango. Esikwenzayo apha kukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu , sincede ukuba aqaphele kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza. Olu lunyango oluphumelele kakhulu kumhlaza one-triple-negative.
5. Unyango olujoliswe kulo
Le ikwayindlela entsha yonyango. Ifana "nebhombu ekrelekrele." Okwenziwa ngala mayeza kukufumana ngqo iiseli zomhlaza, azincamathisele, aze azise i-chemo ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).' Oku akubangeli monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli ezisempilweni.
Amathuba okuchacha nokubuyela umva
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu kubantu abaninzi. Kunzima ukunika impendulo enye kuba iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Amathuba okuchacha axhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza ufunyanwa kwangethuba kangakanani kwaye umzimba usabela njani kunyango.
- Kumhlaza webele ohlala kwindawo ethile, amathuba okusinda iminyaka emi-5 aphezulu njenge-91%.
- Ukuba isasazeka kwizicwili ezikufutshane (zengingqi), elo nani limalunga nama-65%.
- Ukuba isasazeka kwizitho ezikude, elo nani liyehla liye kwi-12%.
Musa ukothuka zezi zibalo. Ezi zi-avareji ezivela kumawaka abantu. Imeko yakho inokuba ngcono kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona iimpawu uze ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Umhlaza one-triple-negative unomngcipheko wokuphinda ubuye kwiminyaka emi-3 yokuqala emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, loo mngcipheko uyancipha ngokukhawuleza emva kweminyaka emi-5. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokwenza uvavanyo olulandelayo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele emva konyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele one-triple-negative (TNBC) luhlobo lomhlaza olunamandla kakhulu nolusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo.
- Oku kungenxa yokuba ezi seli zomhlaza azinazo ii-hormone kunye nee-protein receptors ezinceda umhlaza ukuba ukhule.
- Nangona unyango oluqhelekileyo lweehomoni lungaphumeleli koku, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olufana ne-chemotherapy, utyando, unyango lwe-radiation, kunye ne-immunotherapy.
- Ukuqaphela iimpawu kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukusindisa ubomi. Ungaze ungazinanzi naluphi na utshintsho olusezifubeni zakho.
- Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo malunga nonyango lwakho kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho. Ukwazi yonke into ngokucacileyo kuya kukunika amandla amakhulu engqondo.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Fumana inkxaso kusapho lwakho nakubahlobo bakho. Iya kuba ngamandla amakhulu kuwe.
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