Uninzi lwabafazi bethu bayoyika xa besiva igama elithi Umhlaza Wesibeleko. Kodwa ukuba uyazi kakuhle oku, akukho sizathu sokoyika. Kuba olu luhlobo lomhlaza olunokuthintelwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kwaye lunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba lufunyenwe kwangethuba. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo ngesiSinhala esilula onokusiqonda, ngaphandle kokufihla nantoni na. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo wakho osenyongweni.
Kalula nje, yintoni umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngumhlaza oqala kwiiseli ezikwisibeleko, inxalenye yesibeleko sakho edibana nelungu lobufazi bakho. Awuphuhli ngaxeshanye. Uqala xa iiseli eziphilileyo kwisibeleko sakho zitshintsha kancinci kancinci zibe ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga (iiseli ezingaphambi komhlaza) ezinokuba ngumhlaza.
Isizathu esiphambili sale nto yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -HPV (Human Papillomavirus) . Enyanisweni, phantse iipesenti ezili-100 zeemeko zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zibangelwa lusulelo lwe-HPV. Le ntsholongwane idluliselwa ngesondo. Kodwa ungoyiki xa usiva oku. I-HPV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi ababelana ngesondo baya kosulelwa yile ntsholongwane ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, amajoni omzimba wethu ayayisusa le ntsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha le ntsholongwane inokuqhubeka ngaphandle kokususwa emzimbeni. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kukho umngcipheko wokuba iiseli zomlomo wesibeleko ziya kutshintsha zibe ngumhlaza.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukufumana iimvavanyo ezifana ne -Pap smears ngexesha kunye nokufumana isitofu se-HPV kunokunciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.
Ixesha elininzi, lo mhlaza awubonisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo de ube usasazekile. Yiyo loo nto ukuxilongwa rhoqo kunye ne-HPV vaccine kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, unokunyangeka kakhulu.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
1. Ii-Squamous cell carcinomas: Olu hlobo lubandakanya phakathi kwama-80% nama-90% omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
2. Ii-Adenocarcinomas: Olu hlobo lomhlaza luphakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20%.
Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza ungakhula njengomxube weentlobo zombini. Ukuba unengxaki yokukhumbula la magama, kulungile. Oku kubalulekile koogqirha. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi ziimpawu kunye nendlela yokuzithintela.
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kwizigaba zokuqala zomhlaza womlomo wesibelekoNgokwesiqhelo ayibonisi zimpawu. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza ongabonakaliyo. Iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala emva kokuba umhlaza ukhule kancinci.
Ufanele ukhathazeke kancinci ngezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, nceda ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
| Uhlobo lwempawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zokuqala |
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| Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka xa umhlaza usasazeka |
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Khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu onezi mpawu onomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Zinokubangelwa nazizinye iingxaki zempilo ezilula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana ukopha okungaqhelekanga okanye ukhupha ulwelo olungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela umngcipheko onokuchaphazela ukukhula komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ezinye zazo sinokuzilawula, kanti ezinye asinakuzilawula.
Izinto ezinobungozi esinokuzilawula
- Ukungavavanywa ngexesha: Abantu abangafumani vavanyo lwePap ngamaxesha athile acwangcisiweyo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kuba uvavanyo lwePap lunokubona iiseli ezingaphambi komhlaza ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumhlaza.
- Usulelo lwe-HPV: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, usulelo lwe-HPV lolona bangela luphambili. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-HPV kunokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
- Ubomi bokwabelana ngesondo: Ukuba nesondo ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka eli-18 ubudala nokuba namaqabane amaninzi okwabelana ngesondo kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-HPV.
- Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya icuba kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
- Usulelo lwe-HIV: Abantu abosulelwe yi-HIV basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunabo bonke abantu.
- Ukuba nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka: Xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka, amandla omzimba okulwa nosulelo ayancipha.
Izinto ezinobungozi esingenakuzilawula
- I-DES (diethylstilbestrol): Eli liyeza elanikwa abanye abafazi abakhulelweyo ukuthintela ukuphuphuma kwezisu phakathi kowe-1938 nowe-1971. Ukuba umama wakho walithatha eli yeza ngexesha lokukhulelwa, unokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo kancinci wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, udadewenu) ukhe waba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, nawe usenokuba sengozini ngenxa yempembelelo yemfuza.
Yenziwa njani le nto yokuxilonga?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwiimvavanyo ezininzi.
1. Uvavanyo lwePap / iPap Smear: Olu lolona vavanyo lusisiseko nolubalulekileyo. Kolu vavanyo, kuthathwa isampulu encinci yeeseli kumphezulu wesibeleko ize ihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-HPV: Njengovavanyo lwe-Pap, olu vavanyo lusebenzisa isampulu yeeseli ezithathwe kwisibeleko ukujonga ubukho beentlobo ze-HPV ezinokubangela umhlaza.
3. I-Colposcopy: Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-Pap aziqhelekanga, olu luvavanyo olulandelayo oza kulwenza. Apha, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa isixhobo sokukhulisa (i-colposcope) ukuhlola umlomo wesibeleko sakho. Naziphi na iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo.
4. I-Biopsy: Ukuba kubonwa indawo ekrokrisayo ngexesha le-colposcopy, iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili liyasuswa kuloo ndawo lize lithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku:
- I-biopsy yokuhlikihla: Ukusika isiqwenga sethishu esikrokrelekayo ngesixhobo esincinci.
- I-LEEP (Inkqubo yokususa i-Loop Electrosurgical Excision): Ukususwa kwezicubu ezingaqhelekanga kusetyenziswa iluphu yocingo lombane.
- I-Cone biopsy: Ukususwa kweqhekeza elikhulu lezicubu elimile okwekhowuni emlonyeni wesibeleko.
Ukuba ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba unomhlaza, kunokufuneka wenze ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne -CT scan okanye i-MRI scan , ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza kunye nokuchonga unyango olungcono kuwe.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?
Unyango lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, ubudala bakho, impilo yakho ngokubanzi, kunye nokuba unethemba lokuba nabantwana kwixesha elizayo.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando | Kwinqanaba lokuqala, kususwa kuphela inxalenye yesibeleko eneeseli zomhlaza okanye isibeleko sonke kunye nomlomo wesibeleko (hysterectomy). Uhlobo lotyando luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. |
| Unyango lweMisebe | Ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kusetyenziswa imitha enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray). Oku kungenziwa nokuba ngumatshini ongaphandle komzimba okanye ngokufaka into enemisebe emzimbeni. |
| Unyango ngamakhemikhali | Amayeza okubulala umhlaza afakwa emzimbeni okanye anikwe njengeepilisi. La mayeza ahamba ngegazi aze abulale iiseli zomhlaza naphi na emzimbeni. |
| Unyango olujoliswe kulo | Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza ajolise kwiiproteni ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye zisasazeke, ngaphandle kokulimaza iiseli ezisempilweni. |
| Unyango lwe-immunotherapy | Ukuvuselela inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela, okusivumela ukuba sibone kwaye sitshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. |
Ngamanye amaxesha olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zonyango kunokufuneka zisetyenziswe kunye. Umzekelo, unyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation lunokunikwa ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Ngaba umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ungathintelwa?
Ngokuqinisekileyo kunjalo! Ezi zezona ndaba zibalaseleyo kweli nqaku. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngumhlaza esinokuwuthintela kakhulu. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokukwenza ngawo.
- Fumana ugonyo lwe-HPV: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Olu gonyo lunceda ekukhuseleni kwiintlobo eziphambili ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Olu gonyo ludla ngokucetyiswa kumantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abaselula. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana olu gonyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuwe.
- Fumana i-Pap smear ngexesha: Emva kokuba uqalise ukwabelana ngesondo, fumana i-Pap smear ngokweshedyuli ecetyiswe ngugqirha wakho. Oku kunokufumanisa nokunyanga iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumhlaza.
- Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo: Ukusebenzisa iikhondom kunye nokunciphisa inani lamaqabane esondo kunokukunceda ukukhusela kwi-HPV nakwezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Abantu abatshayayo banamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunabo bangatshayiyo.
Kungcono kangakanani ukuthintela umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ukhule kunokubandezeleka emva kokuba ukhule? Ngoko ke ukulandela la manyathelo alula kuya kuba lolona tyalo-mali lukhulu onokulwenza ebomini bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eyona nto ibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiHPV. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu osuleleke yile ntsholongwane ofumana umhlaza.
- Lo mhlaza awubonakalisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni, ngoko ke ukuhlolwa kwangethuba kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba ukhupha ulwelo olungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi, ukopha ngexesha lokuya exesheni, okanye ukopha emva kwesondo, ungoyiki ukubona ugqirha.
- Ugonyo lweHPV kunye novavanyo lwePap oluqhutywa ngexesha elifanelekileyo zezona ndlela zimbini zibalaseleyo zokuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
- Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko sisifo esinyangekayo ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, endaweni yokusoyika, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele kwaye uthathe amanyathelo.
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