Utyelelo lwakho lomntwana oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala - Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele oku?

Umntwana wakho ugqiba iminyaka eli-16, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukwimeko ebalulekileyo neyinkimbinkimbi ebomini bakhe. Kule minyaka, umzimba wakhe, ingqondo yakhe, kunye neemvakalelo zakhe zonke ziyatshintsha ngesantya esimangalisayo. Ngoko ke, ukuvavanywa ngugqirha, okwaziwa ngokuba yiWell-Child Tour , kubaluleke kakhulu ngeli xesha. Makhe sijonge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye ngeli xesha, kwaye wena nomntwana wakho nifanele nilindele ntoni?

Yintoni edla ngokwenzeka ngexesha lotyelelo lukagqirha?

Kulungile, ngoko ke xa wena nomntwana wakho nisiya kugqirha, izinto ezimbalwa zihlala zenzeka:

1. Ukukhula komntwana kunjani? (Ubunzima, ubude, kunye ne-BMI)

Okokuqala, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kulinganisa ubunzima nobude bomntwana wakho. Emva koko, baza kusebenzisa ezo zilinganiso ukubala i-body mass index yabo, okanye i-BMI. Konke oku kubhalwe kwitshathi yokukhula . Oku kunokukunceda ubone ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula ngesantya esifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe.

2. Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuva nako kuyajongwa.

Okulandelayo, uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho luya kulinganiswa. Ngamanye amaxesha , ukuva kungajongwa . Ezi zizilingo eziqhelekileyo, ngoko akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo.

3. Imibuzo ebuzwa ngugqirha kunye neengcebiso azinikayo

Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yolu vavanyo. Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo wena nomntwana wakho, athethe ngeengxaki zenu, aze akunike iingcebiso ezibaluleke kakhulu. Makhe sibone ukuba baza kuthetha ngantoni.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokutya neziselo?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana abakule minyaka batye izidlo ezintathu eziphambili ngemini. Ezi zidlo mazibandakanye oku kulandelayo:

• Iintlobo ezilungileyo zeproteni: Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nenyama, intlanzi, amaqanda, iitshizi kunye neembotyi eziluhlaza.
• Iinkozo ezipheleleyo: Izinto ezifana nengqolowa epheleleyo, irayisi emdaka, kunye nee-oats.
• Imifuno neziqhamo: Zama ukutya ubuncinane ii-servings ezi-5 (ii-parts ezi-5) ngosuku. Faka iintlobo ngeentlobo zemifuno neziqhamo ezinemibala ekutyeni kwakho.
• Ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi: Kufuneka ube nobisi olunamafutha aphantsi, iyogathi, kunye nobisi olunamafutha aphantsi kangangezihlandlo ezi-3 ngosuku . Ubisi lwesoya oluqinisiweyo olune-calcium eninzi nalo lulungile.

Ngamafutshane, ukutya okunesondlo kokona kukunceda uhlale usempilweni kule minyaka.

Ngaba umntwana ulala ngokwaneleyo?

Umntwana omncinci kule minyaka ngokuqinisekileyo udinga phakathi kweeyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 zokulala ngobusuku . Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yotshintsho lwebhayoloji ngeli xesha, usenokulala kade ebusuku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba isikolo siqala kusasa, kukho amaxesha amaninzi apho engakwazi ukulala ngokwaneleyo.

• Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo kunokuchaphazela ngqo umsebenzi wesikolo, imidlalo, kunye neemviwo.
• Ngoko ke, khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba enze imisebenzi yokuphumla ngaphambi kokuba alale (umz. ukufunda incwadi, ukumamela umculo ozolileyo).
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba,Ufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezifana neefowuni, iikhompyutha kunye neetablet ubuncinane iyure ngaphambi kokuba ulale. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abakukhuphayo kuyaphazamisa ubuthongo.

Ibaluleke kangakanani imisebenzi yomzimba?

Umntwana omncinci kufuneka enze uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi womzimba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-60 ngosuku. Oko kungaba kukubaleka, ukutsiba, ukudlala, okanye ukuzilolonga.

• Kule mihla, abantwana bachitha ixesha elininzi bejonge izikrini – iTV, imidlalo yevidiyo, ii-smartphone, iikhompyutha – kwaye oko akulunganga kwimpilo yabo.
• Ngoko ke, khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba agcine ulungelelwano phakathi kwexesha achitha ebukele isikrini kunye nemisebenzi enempilo efana nokuchitha ixesha nabanye abantu, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokulala ngokwaneleyo .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube ngumzekelo omhle ngokunciphisa ixesha lakho lesikrini kunye nokuzilolonga imihla ngemihla.

Ukukhula nophuhliso lomntwana: Kwenzeka ntoni kule minyaka

Xa beneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, abantwana bafumana utshintsho olukhulu kungekuphela nje emizimbeni yabo, kodwa nakwiingqondo zabo nakwiimvakalelo zabo.

• Ukuba yintombazana: Bekufanele ukuba sele eqalile ukuya exesheni ngoku. Ukuba intombi yakho ayikayiqalisi ukuya exesheni, thetha nogqirha wayo ngayo loo nto. Isenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, okanye kukho isizathu soko.
• Ukuba yinkwenkwe: Iimpawu zokufikisa (umz., amasende amakhulu, ubude bepenis, ukukhula kweenwele kwindawo yesisu nasemakhwapheni, ukujula kwelizwi) kufuneka zibonakale ngokucacileyo ngoku.
• Impembelelo yoontanga: Kule minyaka , impembelelo yoontanga bakho inamandla kakhulu. Oko bakuthethayo nabakwenzayo kunokuba nempembelelo enkulu emntwaneni.
• Ixesha lokuzifumanisa: "Ndingubani? Yintoni endifanelayo?" Ngemibuzo efana nokuthi, "Ndingubani?", ungalingeka ukuba uzame ubuwena obahlukeneyo . Ungayidaya iinwele zakho, unxibe iimpahla ezingaqhelekanga, okanye uzame izinto ezintsha. Ezi ziimpawu zale mihla.
• Iimvakalelo zesondo: Kuqhelekile ukuba ulutsha lubonakalise iimvakalelo zesondo kule minyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba lunokutsaleleka kubantu besini esahlukileyo okanye besini esifanayo, kwaye lunokuba nomdla kubudlelwane bothando. Bakwahlola nesondo sabo, umnqweno wabo wesondo, kunye nobuntu babo besini ngeli xesha.
• Baqala ukucinga ngendlela eyahlukileyo: kule minyaka, bayakwazi ukucinga ngokungacacanga, baqwalasele iinyani ngendlela enengqondo, baze bacinge ngendlela yokwenza izigqibo .
• Nangona kunjalo, kusekho umngcipheko: nangona ungacinga nzulu, usenokuqhutywa kukungxama . Ke ngoko, ungazibandakanya kwiindlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi ngaphandle kokucinga ngemiphumo yezenzo zakho.Kunokuba nomtsalane. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nokukhwela ibhayisekile ngokungakhathali kunye nesondo esingakhuselekanga.

4. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba

Emva koko, ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba .

• Ukujonga ulusu (ukuba alunazo iimpundu, amabala, okanye ezinye izifo zolusu).
• Ukumamela intliziyo nemiphunga.
• Bajonga ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukugoba komqolo.
• Sihlola indlela ukukhula kokufikisa okuqhubeka ngayo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuze umntwana angakhululeki ngexesha lovavanyo olunjalo, kungcono ukuba nomntu omdala othembekileyo (umphelekezi) – nokuba nguwe okanye omnye umntu ofanelekileyo – ahlale egumbini nomntwana.

5. Ukuhlaziya iiGonyo

Ngethuba lokuhlolwa, ukugonywa komntwana ngoku kuyahlolwa kwaye kuhlaziywe. Ukugonywa kukhusela abantwana kwizifo ezinzulu ezifana ne-masisi, i-mumps, kunye ne-rabies. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubanika ngexesha. Iishedyuli zokugonywa zinokwahluka kancinci kumaziko ezonyango ahlukeneyo, ngoko buza ugqirha wakho ngayo loo nto.

6. Ezinye iimvavanyo njengoko kufuneka

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ugqirha unamathandabuzo ngomntwana, angacela ukuba kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga i-hemoglobin ephantsi (i-anemia) .
• Uvavanyo lokujonga amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol .
• Ukuba kukho urhanelwa lokuba nesifo sephepha, funa uvavanyo.
• Hlola izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) ukuba usemngciphekweni.

Konke oku kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba impilo yomntwana ikwimeko entle.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule de uhlolwe kwakhona

Emva kokuba olu vavanyo luphelile, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho de kube luvavanyo olulandelayo eneminyaka eli-17 ubudala.

Malunga nomsebenzi wesikolo

• Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yangaphandle kwesikolo enomdla kuye (umculo, ubugcisa, imidlalo, iiklabhu zasemva kwesikolo, umsebenzi wokuzithandela). Oku kuya kunceda ekuphuhliseni ubuntu bakhe.
• Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba athwale uxanduva lomsebenzi wakhe wesikolo . Mncome ngempumelelo yakhe kwaye umxhase xa esokola.
• Thetha nomntwana wakho ngezinto afuna ukuzifunda kwixesha elizayo, izicwangciso zakhe zasekholejini okanye zomsebenzi, kwaye umkhokele ekufezekiseni amaphupha akhe.
• Ukuba umntwana ubuthathaka emsebenzini wesikolo, isizathu sisenokuba kukungcungcuthekiswa ngabanye abantwana , ukudakumba , okanye iingxaki zokufunda okanye zokungakhathali.Jonga into efana nale. Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngento efana nale.

Malunga nobuntu neemvakalelo zomntwana

• Chitha ixesha uncokola nomntwana wakho yonke imihla. Yityani isidlo kunye, yenzani imisebenzi kunye, buza ngezinto ezibalulekileyo kumntwana wakho.
• Mncome umntwana wakho ngokwenza izigqibo ezilungileyo nangomsebenzi olungileyo. Cela uluvo lwakhe kwaye umbandakanye kwizigqibo zosapho.
• Misela imithetho yendlu kwaye ucacise amathemba akho. Iziphumo zokwaphula imithetho mazibe zilungile, endaweni yokohlwaya, chaza impazamo.
• Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba alibazise ukwenza isondo . Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokucacileyo malunga neengozi zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) kunye nokukhulelwa okungafunekiyo . Kwakhona thetha ngolawulo lokuzalwa kunye nokubaluleka kokusebenzisa iikhondom .
• Khumbuza umntwana wakho ukuba ahlambe amazinyo akhe kabini ngemini, afake i-floss kanye ngemini, aze abone ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 .
• Yenza umntwana wakho aqonde iingozi zokutshaya, ukusebenzisa i-vaping, utywala, kunye neziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni . Thetha nangeengozi zokusebenzisa kakubi amayeza kagqirha okanye ukuthatha ngaphezu kwedosi ecetyiswayo . Mncome umntwana wakho ngokuthi "hayi" kwezi zinto.
• Lumka iimpawu zokudakumba . Ezi ziquka ukugqabhuka komsindo rhoqo, ukuziva ulusizi ngalo lonke ixesha, ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obuzithanda, amanqaku aphantsi esikolweni, kunye nokuthetha ngokuzibulala. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athathe uxanduva lokunyamekelwa kwakhe . Umzekelo, cwangcisa amadinga kagqirha, uhlaziye amayeza, kwaye ufunde indlela yokunyanga isifo esikhoyo.

Ezi zizinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuze kukhuseleke

• Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba asoloko enxibe ibhanti xa ekhwele imoto.
• Xa umntwana wakho eqala ukuqhuba , misela imida kwinani labakhweli anokuthwala ngexesha elinye kunye nexesha anokuqhuba ngalo. Mxelele ngokungqongqo umntwana wakho ukuba angathumeli imiyalezo okanye athethe ngefowuni ngelixa eqhuba.
• Thetha ngeengozi ezibulalayo zokuqhuba utywala . Ungaze ungene emotweni nomntu obesela okanye esebenzisa iziyobisi. Endaweni yoko, xelela umntwana wakho ukuba azive ekhululekile ukukufowunela ukuba ufuna uncedo .
• Ufanele ufake i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokuba uphume ngaphandle, kwayeUfanele uphinde ufake isicelo rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-2. Akuyonto ilungileyo ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa isikhumba, kuba ziyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wolusu.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyazi ngokhuseleko kwi-intanethi, ukuxhatshazwa kwi-intanethi, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa amajelo eendaba ezentlalo ngobulumko . Mxelele ukuba angabelani ngolwazi lomntu nabantu angabaziyo.
• Ziphephe iingozi zokudutyulwa ngokungagcini umpu ekhayeni lakho. Ukuba unempu, yigcine ingenazikhuphi, itshixiwe, kwaye ikude nabantwana. Gcina iimbumbulu zitshixiwe ngokwahlukeneyo.
• Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nemeko yakho yokuhlala (umz., ukungabi nokutya okwaneleyo, ukungabi nendawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala, ukungabi ne-inshurensi yezempilo), thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto. Angakuxelela ngezixhobo zoluntu okanye akuthumele kumncedisi wentlalo ofanelekileyo.

Ngamafutshane, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule!

Khawucinge nje, iminyaka eli-16 lixesha elimnandi ebomini bomntwana xa kukho utshintsho oluninzi, kuvela imingeni, kuzanywa izinto ezintsha. Olu vavanyo lwezonyango (Utyelelo lweWell-Child) lithuba elihle lokujonga ukuba impilo yomzimba neyengqondo yomntwana ifanelekile na, kunye nokufumana ulwalathiso kunye neengcebiso ozidingayo wena nomntwana.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nomntwana wakho, umamele ngononophelo oko akuthethayo, kwaye umnike uthando lwakho olungagungqiyo kunye nenkxaso. Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo, kwaye ungaze unqikaze ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba uneengxaki okanye amathandabuzo.

Utyelelo lomntwana osempilweni, ukuhlolwa kwempilo yeminyaka eli-16, impilo yolutsha, i-BMI, ukugonywa, impilo yengqondo, impilo yesondo, ukhuseleko