Masifunde ngakumbi ngesifo somgada. Musa ukoyika, ziqonde ezi zinto!

Sonke sivile ukuba ezinye izilwanyana zinokubangela izifo eziyingozi xa zisiluma, akunjalo? Kukho amaxesha apho sisoyika kancinci ukuba ngempazamo siluma injana okanye ikati, nokuba siyayigona nje okanye sibonakalisa uthando. Ngamaxesha anje, esona sifo soyikekayo, kodwa esinokuthintelwa kakhulu, yirabies. Ngoko ke, ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje?

Yintoni le hydrophobia?

Ngamafutshane, i-rabies sisifo esincinci, kodwa esinokuthintelwa, esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siyenzeka, sinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Le ntsholongwane ihlasela kakhulu inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye nengqondo.

Cinga ngayo, imithambo-luvo ifana neengcingo ezithwala imiyalezo emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke le ntsholongwane iyayonakalisa loo nkqubo.

Uyazi ukuba esi sifo sisasazeka njani kuthi? Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kwenzeka xa isilwanyana esinesifo serabies sisiluma. Intsholongwane ikhona kumathe aso. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ufumana unyango ngoko nangoko nangendlela efanelekileyo emva kokulunywa sisilwanyana, unokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuba esi sifo singabikho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awufumani unyango kwaye isifo singena emzimbeni kwaye iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala, kunzima kakhulu ukusiphepha, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi sinokubulala.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo serabies?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezenzekayo xa kuvela isifo seengcongconi. Ezi mpawu azibonakali kwangoko. Zingabonakala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokulunywa sisilwanyana, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha ixesha elingaphezu konyaka ukuba iimpawu zibonakale. Yiyo loo nto kungengombono ulungileyo ukungawunaki ukulunywa sisilwanyana.

Iimpawu zokuqala zisenokufana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo:

• Kusenokubakho ukungaziva mnandi, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukutsha okuncinci kwindawo apho isilwanyana sikulume khona.
• Kwangaxeshanye, ungaziva umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba (ingakumbi kwimisipha) .
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokudinwa imini yonke nako kunokwenzeka.

Ezi mpawu zokuqala zihlala iintsuku ezimbalwa, emva koko iimpawu ezinzulu zemithambo-luvo ziqala ukubonakala. Ezo zezona ziyingozi kakhulu.

• Ukungazoli, ukucaphuka, kunye nokuxhalaba kuyanda.
• Abanye abantu basenokudideka okanye babe nemibono engeyiyo (ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingezizo zokwenyani) .
• Kungaba kukuxinana kwemisipha, ukushukuma komzimba, okanye ukuma komzimba ngendlela engaqhelekanga .
• Kusenokubakho ukuxhuzula .
• Ezinye iindawo zomzimba zinokuziva ngathi azinamsebenzi (zikhubazekile) okanye azikwazi kushukuma.
• Ziyakhawuleza kakhulu ukuziva izibane ezikhanyayo, iingxolo, okanye nantoni na echukumisa imizimba yazo. Azikwazi ukumelana nesandi esincinci.

Enye into kukuba umntu onesifo serabies unokuvelisa amathe amaninzi . Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba izihlunu zomqala ziyaqina,Kuba nzima ukuginya. Yiyo loo nto sibona uphawu "lokuphuma kwempumlo emlonyeni" esiluvileyo. Ngenxa yolu bunzima bokuginya, kukho uloyiko lokuminxeka nokuba uzama ukusela amanzi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "kukoyika amanzi" ('hydrophobia') . Luphawu oluphawulekayo nolwaziwayo lwesi sifo.

Yintoni ebangela i-hydrophobia?

Eyona sizathu siphambili soku yintsholongwane yesifo somqala. Le ntsholongwane ihlala kumathe esilwanyana esinayo. Khawuthelekelele, xa isilwanyana esinjalo sisiluma, le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni wethu ngenxeba lesikhumba elaphukileyo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukuba amathe angena emehlweni ethu, empumlweni, okanye emlonyeni. Emva koko ihamba kancinci ngemithambo-luvo ize ifikelele ebuchotsheni. Kuphela emva kokufika ebuchotsheni apho le ntsholongwane isasazeka ngokukhawuleza ize iqale ukonakalisa ingqondo kunye nemithambo-luvo.

Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi, ingakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo afana nelethu, esona sizathu sokuba abantu basuleleke yi-rabies kukulunywa zizinja ezine-rabied. Yiloo nto ibonwa rhoqo. Kunjalo naseSri Lanka.

Kodwa ayizizo izinja kuphela, kodwa nezinye izilwanyana zasendle ezifana neekati, iinkawu, iiraccoon, iimpungutye, kunye namalulwane zinokusasaza esi sifo. Kwamanye amazwe (umzekelo, eMelika), izilwanyana ezifana neeraccoon kunye neeskunk zezona zithwala esi sifo, kwaye kuthiwa kukho amatyala amaninzi osulelo oluvela kumalulwane ukuya ebantwini. Kula mazwe, kuba izinja zigonywa kakhulu, ukwanda kosulelo oluvela ezinjeni ukuya ebantwini kuphantsi.

Kubalulekile: Iimpuku ezincinci ezifana noonogwaja, oosquirrel, kunye neempuku azifane zisasaze isifo seengcongconi. Ngoko ke ukuba ulunywe yenye yezi zilwanyana, akukho mfuneko yokuba ukhathazeke ngokugqithisileyo, kodwa bubulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha.

Kwilizwe lethu, izinja neekati zezona zilwanyana ziphambili ezifuna ingqalelo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika inja okanye ikati yakho isitofu sokugonyelwa isifo serabies ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ingaba i-rabies isasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi. I-Rabies ayidluliselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Oko kukuthi, ayisosifo sisasazeka ngokuchukumisa okanye ukuthetha, njengomkhuhlane.

Le ntsholongwane isasazeka kakhulu xa isilwanyana esinesifo se-rabies sisiluma. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba asilunywa, esi sifo sinokusasazeka ukuba amathe esilwanyana angena ngqo emehlweni ethu, empumlweni, okanye emlonyeni, okanye ukuba awela kumkrwelo okanye enxebeni elivulekileyo eluswini. Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa kufuneka silumke kakhulu xa sijongana nesilwanyana esirhanelwa ukuba sine-rabies.

Indlela yokubona isifo serabies?

Enye yezona ngxaki zinkulu apha kukuba akukho ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kwangoko ukuba isilwanyana sinesifo se-rabies okanye akunjalo, ingakumbi ukuba sisilwanyana sasendle.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho norhanelo oluncinci lokuba isilwanyana sinokuba nesi sifo, oogqirha abasivavanyi isifo baze balinde iziphumo. Ukuba balinda ngolo hlobo, kusenokuba sekudlule ixesha. Ngoko ke , unyango luqaliswa kwangoko xa kukho urhanelo.

Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lunokwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba isifo siphuhlile na, kodwa iziphumo zivela kuphela emva kokuba isifo siphuhlile kancinci. Ngelo xesha, kusele ixesha elide ukunyanga.

Ukuba isilwanyana esilunyiweyo sinokubanjwa, ingqondo yesilwanyana ingavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba intsholongwane ikhona na. Nangona kunjalo, isilwanyana kufuneka sibulawe ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isilwanyana esilunyiweyo sisilwanyana esaziwayo nesisempilweni (njengenja okanye ikati), oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba sijongwe kufutshane nesilwanyana kangangeentsuku ezili-10. Ngeli xesha, baya kujonga iimpawu zokugula okanye ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga.

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ukuba sisilwanyana esincinci esingadli ngokuba ne-rabies, njengomvundla okanye i-squirrel, ugqirha uza kuthetha nabasemagunyeni bezempilo basekuhlaleni aze agqibe ngento aza kuyenza.

Inyangwa njani i-rabies?

Le yinto sonke ekufuneka siyikhumbule. Xa iimpawu zesifo somgada ziqala, oko kukuthi, emva kokuba intsholongwane ifikelele ebuchotsheni yaza yaqala ukusebenza, okwangoku akukho nyango lusebenzayo lwayo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha besoloko bezama ukunqanda esi sifo ngaphambi kokuba sivele, oko kukuthi, kwangoko nje xa isilwanyana siluma size sivakalelwe kukuba 'sichatshazelwe' yintsholongwane. Ukuthintela yeyona nto ilungileyo apha.

Ukuba kukho umntu ocinga ukuba usenokuba uchaphazeleke yintsholongwane yesifo somqala, nokuba kukulunywa sisilwanyana okanye amathe esilwanyana arhanelwa ukuba adibana nenxeba, kufuneka afune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Akukabi lixesha elide kakhulu.

Oogqirha banika iintlobo ezimbini zemithi yokugonya ngokukhawuleza:

1. I-Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG): Le isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhawulezileyo de ezinye izitofu ziqale ukusebenza. Ifana nonogada osele elungisiwe. Ihlala inikwa malunga nenxeba apho isilwanyana silunywe khona.

2. I-Rabies Vaccine: Le yi-vaccine eyakha amandla omzimba okulwa ne-rabies. Inikwa ngeedosi ezahlukeneyo. Ezi vaccine zihlala zinikwa ngosuku lwe-0 (oko kukuthi, ngosuku lokuqala olunikwa ngalo i-vaccine), iintsuku ze-3, iintsuku ze-7, kunye neentsuku ze-14. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwabo bane-immune system ebuthathaka, idosi eyongezelelweyo inokunikwa kwiintsuku ezingama-28.

Ukuba olu gonyo luthathwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, lunokuthintela i-rabies nge-99.9%.

Ungakuthintela njani ukuba ube sesichengeni sokufumana i-rabies?

Bathi, "Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga." Kunjalo ke naxa kufikwa kwisifo somgada. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu esinokuzenza ukuze sihlale sikhuselekile kwesi sifo siyingozi:

• Nika izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya (izinja, iikati) imigonyo yazo yesifo serabies ngexesha. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba isilwanyana sakho sikhuselekile, wena, usapho lwakho, kunye noluntu nikhuselekile.
• Xela izilwanyana ezilahlekileyo kwiziphathamandla zempilo zasekuhlaleni okanye kwiigosa zolawulo lwezilwanyana. Banokuzigoma izilwanyana okanye bathathe amanye amanyathelo afanelekileyo.
• Fundisa abantwana kakuhle ukuba bangazichukumisi okanye bangazityisi izinja okanye iikati abangazaziyo esitalatweni. Nokuba zibonakala zinothando, awusoze wazi ukuba ziza kuluma nini.
• Fundisa abantwana ukuba bahlale kude nezilwanyana zasendle ezifana namalulwane, iimpungutye, kunye neenkawu. Nangona ezi zilwanyana zintle, zinokuthwala izifo. Kungcono ukuzivumela zihlale kwindawo yazo yendalo kwaye zingabi kude nazo.
• Ukuba isilwanyana sibonakala sigula okanye siziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga (umzekelo, ukuleqa abantu, ukwenza ngathi ukhathazekile), musa ukusondela kuso. Yazisa abasemagunyeni ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni enye endifanele ndiyazi?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba, ngelishwa, omnye wabantwana bakho okanye wena ulunywe sisilwanyana. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, musa ukoyika, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzenze ngokukhawuleza.

Okufanele ukwenze ngoko nangoko xa ulunywe sisilwanyana:

• Hlamba inxeba elilunyiweyo kakuhle ngesepha namanzi abalekayo ubuncinane imizuzu eli-10-15. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Isepha namanzi zinokususa intsholongwane enxebeni.
• Emva kokuhlamba inxeba, ligqume ngebhandishi ecocekileyo.
• Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Nabani na orhanelwa ukuba unesifo serabies kufuneka anyangwe esibhedlele.
• Fowunela isebe lolawulo lwezilwanyana lasekuhlaleni ukuze likuncede ekubambeni isilwanyana. Kunganceda ukubamba isilwanyana uze usijonge okanye usivavanye ukuba asinaso na isifo se-rabies.
• Ukuba ukulunywa kubangelwe sisilwanyana somntu omaziyo, fumana zonke iinkcukacha, ezifana nesimo sokugonywa kwesilwanyana, igama lomniniso, kunye nedilesi. Olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kugqirha.
• Yazisa uMhloli wezeMpilo yoLuntu (PHI) wasekuhlaleni, ingakumbi ukuba isilwanyana asizange sigonyelwe i-rabies.

Qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukuba umntwana wakho omncinci udibene nesilwanyana esinokuba ne-rabies (umzekelo, ukuba isilwanyana siyakukhotha okanye siyakuluma), kodwa umntwana wakho akazi ukuba angakutsho njani ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana abancinci abatsho ukuba izilwanyana ziyaluma okanye ziyaluma.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho ulunywe yilulwane, nokuba akalunywanga. Imikrwelo kunye nokulunywa yilulwane kuncinci kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kunokungabonakali. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ilulwane zinokusasaza i-rabies, kulungile ukufuna unyango ukuba uneengxaki.
• Ukuba uceba ukuya kwindawo ekude, ingakumbi leyo inezilwanyana zasendle kunye nezibonelelo zonyango ezihlwempuzekileyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nogonyo lwe-rabies ngaphambi kokuba uhlaselwe sisifo se-rabies.

Ukuba ezi zinto zilandelwa ngokufanelekileyo, siya kuncedwa kakhulu ukuba sizikhusele kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yirabies.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Ngoko ke, esi sifo somgada esithethe ngaso namhlanje sisifo esibi kakhulu nesisongela ubomi.Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba esi sisifo esinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba ulunywe sisilwanyana, musa ukulibazisa okanye uxhalabe, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Hlamba inxeba kakuhle ngesepha namanzi. Ukuba uthatha imigonyo ngexesha, akuyi kuba nangxaki.

Goma izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya ngexesha. Lumka xa usebenzisana nezilwanyana ongazaziyo. Ezi zinto zilula zinokukusindisa wena kunye nabantu obathandayo kwesi sifo siyingozi. Hlala uphilile kwaye wonwabile!

` I-Rabies, Ukulunywa zizilwanyana, Ukulunywa zinja, Ugonyo lwe-Rabies, Izifo zentsholongwane, Izifo ze-Neurological, Uthintelo