Sonke sizithanda kakhulu izilwanyana, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bagcina izinja neekati emakhaya. Abanye benza izinto ezifana nokufuya iinkomo neebhokhwe. Kodwa xa sihamba nezi zilwanyana zithandwayo, kufuneka sicinge kancinci ngezifo esinokuzifumana kuzo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesifo esinokudluliselwa sisuka kwizilwanyana siye ebantwini, kodwa esingathethwa kakhulu ngaso kwilizwe lethu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiBrucellosis .
Yintoni iBrucellosis?
Ngamafutshane, i-brucellosis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Brucella'. Eyona nto ikhethekileyo koku kukuba le bhaktheriya inokudluliselwa ebantwini isuka kwizilwanyana.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zale ntsholongwane ethi 'Brucella'. Ezinye iintlobo zifumaneka kwiinkomo nakwiinkunzi. Ezinye iintlobo zinokufumaneka kwizinja, kwiihagu, kwiigusha, kwiibhokhwe nakwiinkamela. Into ebuhlungu kukuba, xa isilwanyana sifumene esi sifo, asinakuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Nangona esi sifo singafumani ngqwalasela ingako kumazwe afana neSri Lanka, sisongelo olukhulu kwimpilo kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation, abantu abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi basuleleka sesi sifo minyaka le.
Esi sifo sisasazeka njani kuthi?
Esi sifo sidla ngokusasazeka ebantwini ngokudibana nesilwanyana esosulelwe yintsholongwane yeBrucella okanye imveliso ephuma kweso silwanyana.
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili iibhaktheriya ezinokungena ngazo emzimbeni wakho:
- Ngokusikwa okanye ukukrweleka eluswini: Ukuba igazi, ubisi, okanye olunye ulwelo oluvela kwisilwanyana esineentsholongwane ludibana nenxeba eluswini lwakho.
- Ngokuphefumla umoya osulelekileyo: Oku kunqabile. Le ngozi inokubakho kwiindawo ezifana neefama zezilwanyana kunye neevenkile zenyama.
- Ngokutya ukutya okanye isiselo esingcolisiweyo: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Esi sifo sinokusasazeka ngokutya ubisi okanye itshizi engagayiwanga, nangokutya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle.
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba esi sifo sidluliselwe komnye umntu. Umzekelo, kukho iingxelo zokudluliselwa komntwana ngumama one-brucellosis ngexesha lokuncancisa nangokwabelana ngesondo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zebhaktheriya yeBrucella ezibangela i-brucellosis ebantwini. Masizijonge kwitheyibhile.
| Uhlobo lwebhaktheriya | Isilwanyana esiqhelekileyo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|---|
| B. melitensis | Iigusha neebhokhwe | Olu lolona hlobo lubangela esi sifo ebantwini. Siqhelekile kumazwe afana neMbindi Mpuma, iIndiya, kunye neLatin America. |
| B. suis | Iihagu zasendle | Ingabonakala kwiindawo ezithile zaseMelika, eYurophu, nakuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. |
| B. i-canis | Izinja | Izinja zinokudlulisela esi sifo ebantwini. Siza kuthetha ngakumbi ngale nto. |
| B. ukuqhomfa | Iinkomo | Ifumaneka kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa olu hlobo luye lwasuswa kumazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo. |
Ndingayifumana na le nja endlwini yam le sifo?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Ewe, izinja zinokosulelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-'B. canis'. Kuye kwakho iimeko apho abanini bezilwanyana basulelwa sisifo zizinja ezinjalo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo sisifo esincinci .
Kwiimeko ezininzi, inja enesifo ayisayi kudlulisela esi sifo kumniniyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba udibana negazi, umchamo, okanye olunye ulwelo lwenja enesifo, umngcipheko uphezulu. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bezilwanyana besengozini enkulu.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka (umzekelo, ngenxa yemeko yezonyango efana nomhlaza, i-HIV, okanye amayeza athile), kukhuselekile ukuphepha ukudibana nezinja ezineBrucella.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Nangona nabani na enokuba nesi sifo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu, ingakumbi abo basebenza nezilwanyana.
- Abantu abasebenzisa ubisi olungenazintsholongwane kunye neemveliso zobisi (umz. itshizi, iyogathi). Le ngozi ibangelwa lubisi olungafudunyezwanga kakuhle, olubizwa ngokuba "lubisi lwasezilalini" kwilizwe lethu.
- Abantu abasebenza kwiifama, kwiindawo zokuthengisa inyama, okanye kwiindawo zokuxhela .
- Iingcali zezilwanyana kunye nabo basebenza kwicandelo lezempilo yezilwanyana.
- Abazingeli , ingakumbi abo bazingela izilwanyana ezifana neehagu zasendle.
- Abantu abaya kumazwe angaphandle apho i-brucellosis ixhaphakileyo khona.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu ze-brucellosis zihlala zifana nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane , ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukuzibona. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezingama-30 emva kokudibana nebhaktheriya.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Umkhuhlane: Olu lolona phawu luphambili noluqhelekileyo. Ungaphawula indlela yomkhuhlane onyuka ngayo, ingakumbi ngokuhlwa .
- Intlungu yomqolo kunye nentlungu yomzimba.
- Intloko ebuhlungu.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
- Ukubila ebusuku.
- Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa.
- Intlungu yesisu kunye nokukhwehlela.
Ubunzima beempawu bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweBrucella osulelwe yiyo. Umzekelo, i-B. abortus ibangela iimpawu ezingephi, ngelixa i-B. melitensis inokubangela iimpawu ezikhawulezileyo nezinzima kwanokukhubazeka.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kwaye ungumntu osebenzisana nezilwanyana, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha uza kukuhlola.
- Ingaba isibindi okanye i-spleen idumbile?
- Ngaba ii-lymph nodes zivuvukile?
- Ingaba unomkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu?
- Ngaba amalungu akho avuvukile kwaye abuhlungu?
Kodwa ukuze kufunyanwe esi sifo ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka uvavanyo lwegazi . Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukwazi ngokuchanekileyo ukuba intsholongwane yeBrucella ikhona na emzimbeni kwaye loluphi uhlobo lwayo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-brucellosis?
I-Brucellosis sisifo esinzima ukunyanga, kodwa sinokunyangeka. Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane .
Ngokwesiqhelo, indibaniselwano yee-antibiotics ezimbini, ezifana ne-'doxycycline' kunye ne-'rifampin', ithathwa ixesha elide, njengeeveki ezi-6-8 .
Khumbula oku kakuhle:Ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singaphindi sibuye, kufuneka uthathe amayeza yonke ikhosi echazwe ngugqirha wakho, ungaphoswa lusuku olunye. Kukho umngcipheko we-5-15% wokubuyela umva emva konyango.
Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi, ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga, ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba unyango luqalwe kwinyanga emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, amathuba okuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo aphezulu.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba esi sifo siba nzima?
Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, i-brucellosis inokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu.
- Usulelo lwenkqubo ye-nervous central.
- Usulelo lwe-inside lining okanye i-valve yentliziyo (endocarditis).
- Ithumba lesibindi.
Kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zisenokuqhubeka ixesha elide emva kokuba isifo siphelile. Umzekelo, ukudinwa okungapheliyo, umkhuhlane ongapheliyo, kunye nentlungu yamalungu.
Ukuba umama okhulelweyo une-brucellosis, inokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu okanye iziphene zokuzalwa komntwana. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ukuba ukufutshane nezilwanyana ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Brucellosis sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane iBrucella, edluliselwa ebantwini isuka kwizilwanyana .
- Ingozi ephambili kukutya iimveliso ezingafakwanga iintsholongwane (ezingafudunyezwanga kakuhle) ezifana nobisi netshizi kunye nokudibana ngokusondeleyo nezilwanyana ezineentsholongwane.
- Iimpawu zifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Iimpawu eziphambili ngumkhuhlane okhula ngokuhlwa, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokubila .
- Ukuba usebenza nezilwanyana okanye ukhe watya ubisi olungafakwanga iintsholongwane kwaye uneempawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka athathwe ixesha elide ukuze kunyangwe, kwaye kubalulekile ukugqiba yonke ikhosi yamayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele .
- Kungcono ukuba ukhuselekile. Sebenzisa kuphela iimveliso zobisi ezifakwe iintsholongwane . Sebenzisa iindlela zokuzikhusela ezifana neeglavu xa usebenza nezilwanyana.
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