Ingaba umntwana wakho uphilile? Masifunde ngovavanyo lwangaphambi kokubeleka – ikota yesibini!

Njengomama oza kuzalwa, eli lixesha elimnandi nelinomdla. Mhlawumbi unomdla kakhulu wokwazi ukuba umntwana wakho uphilile na kwaye ukhula njani. Yiyo loo nto uvavanyo lokukhulelwa lusinceda. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olubalulekileyo oluqhutywa ngexesha lekota yesibini yokukhulelwa kwakho, eliphakathi kwenyanga yesine neyesithandathu.

Kutheni uvavanyo lubalulekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Ngaba unelungelo lokukhetha?

Ngamafutshane, olu vavanyo lunokusinika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nempilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ugqirha ecebisa uvavanyo, kubalulekile ukubuza ngezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kunye neengozi. Abazali abaninzi bafumana olu vavanyo lukhululekile, kwaye lunokubanceda balungiselele ukufika komntwana wabo. Kodwa khumbula, unelungelo lokugqiba ukuba uza kwenza uvavanyo okanye hayi.

Ezinye iimvavanyo ezenziwa emva kokukhulelwa ziyaqinisekiswa kwaye ziyaqhubeka

Mhlawumbi sele ukhe wazenza ezinye zezi mvavanyo. Xa uqala ukubona ugqirha emva kokukhulelwa, baza kwenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhulelwe. Baza kwenza novavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba, kuquka novavanyo lwe-pelvic ukuba kuyimfuneko. Baza kujonga nomchamo wakho izinto ezifana neproteni, iswekile, kunye nosulelo.

Ukuba lixesha lokuba wenze i-Pap smear, ugqirha wakho uza kuyenza ngoku. Ingabona naluphi na utshintsho olubangelwa ngumhlaza kwiiseli zomlomo wesibeleko sakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga nezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) ezifana neChlamydia kunye neGonorrhea.

Ukongeza, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi ukujonga izinto ezinje:

• Uhlobo lwegazi lakho kunye ne-Rh factor: Khawuthelekelele ukuba igazi lakho alina-Rh kwaye igazi lomyeni wakho li-Rh positive, ezinye zee-antibodies ozivelisayo zinokuba yingozi kumntwana wakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, oku kungathintelwa ngenaliti ekhethekileyo enikwa malunga neeveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa.
• I-anemia: Oku kuthetha ukungabikho kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• Iintsholongwane ezifana neHepatitis B, iSyphilis, kunye neHIV.
• Ingaba awuchaphazeleki yi-German measles (Rubella) kunye ne-chickenpox (Varicella / Chickenpox).
• Uvavanyo lwezifo ezifana ne-'Cystic Fibrosis' kunye ne-'Spinal Muscular Atrophy': Nokuba akukho mntu kusapho lwakhe okhe waba nezi zifo, ezi vavanyo ngoku zihlala zicetyiswa.

Khumbula, zonke ezi mvavanyo zenzelwe ukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho.

Uvavanyo olwenziwe phantse kuyo yonke intlanganiso kagqirha:

De kube umntwana ezelwe, ubunzima bakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye novavanyo lomchamo luya kuhlolwa rhoqo xa usiya kugqirha. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kunye ne-preeclampsia (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa).

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezithile zekota yesibini (iinyanga ezi-4-6).

Ngexesha lekota yesibini yokukhulelwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezisekelwe kwizinto ezifana nobudala bakho, imeko yempilo, kunye nembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho.

Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki ekukhuleni komntwana: Uvavanyo lweeMakethi ezininzi

Olu luvavanyo oluqhutywa kwisampulu yegazi ethathwe kuwe. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngalo njenge-`Quad Screen` okanye `AFP4`.

• Ixesha lokukwenza oku: Oku kudla ngokwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-15 nezingama-20.
• Kujongwa ntoni?: Oku kunika umbono womngcipheko weziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural, ezifana ne-spina bifida, kunye neengxaki ze-chromosomal, ezifana ne-Down Syndrome kunye ne-Trisomy 18.
• Unokufumana ingcamango echanekileyo ngakumbi ngokudibanisa iziphumo zoku kunye neziphumo zovavanyo olwenziwe kwi-trimester yokuqala (`Uvavanyo oluHlanganisiweyo`).

Ingaba yonke into ilungile ngaphakathi komntwana? – I-Ultrasound Scan eneenkcukacha (i-Ultrasound yeNqanaba lesi-2)

Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-ultrasound scan. Luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu nolukhuselekileyo. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso womntwana. Lunokujonga imo kunye nendawo yakhe.

• I-ultrasound scan eyenziwa kwi-trimester yesibini, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweeveki ezili-18 nezingama-20, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Level 2 Ultrasound." Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"Anomaly Scan".
• Kujongwa ntoni?: Olu lujongo oluneenkcukacha kakhulu lokuba amalungu angaphakathi omntwana (njengentliziyo, ingqondo, nezintso) akhula kakuhle na nokuba umntwana ukhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo na.
• Oomama abakhulelweyo abasengozini enkulu banokuba nee-ultrasound scans ezininzi ngexesha le-trimester yesibini.

Uvavanyo lweSifo seswekile sokukhulelwa

Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-"Glucose Screening".

• Yintoni 'isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa'?: Olu luhlobo lwesifo seswekile esiba sexeshana abanye abafazi abasifumana ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuphela. Ukuba asiqatshelwa kwaye asinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, sinokubangela iingxaki zempilo kumntwana.
• Lwenziwa njani uvavanyo?: Unikwa isiselo esineswekile, kwaye isampuli yegazi ithathwa emva kweyure ukujonga inqanaba leswekile yakho.
• Ixesha lokwenza:Oku kudla ngokwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-24 nama-28. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, ungenziwa kwangethuba.

Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo zomngcipheko

Olu vavanyo alwenzelwanga wonke umntu. Oogqirha bacebisa kuphela oomama abaneempawu ezithile ezinobungozi.

• I-Amniocentesis: I-Amniocentesis:
• Ixesha lokukwenza oku: Ngokwesiqhelo phakathi kweeveki ezili-15 nezingama-20, oku kwenziwa koomama abasengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa iziphene ze-chromosome okanye ze-genetic ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
• Kwenziwa ntoni?: Kuthathwa isampulu encinci yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana ize ivavanywe.
• Yintoni ekhangelwayo?: Oku kungafumanisa izinto ezinje ngokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-chromosome, iingxaki zemfuza, kunye neziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural. Olu luvavanyo lokuxilonga.
• Isampuli Yegazi Ehamba Ngolusu Lwe-Umbilical (i-PUBS):
• Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"cordocentesis." Ngamafutshane, kubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yegazi kwi-umbilical cord yomntwana uze uyivavanye.
• Ixesha lokukwenza: Ngokwesiqhelo kwenziwa emva kweeveki ezili-18 zokukhulelwa.
• Kutheni kwenziwa?: Olu vavanyo lungenziwa ukuba iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-amniocentesis, azicacanga. Nangona kunjalo, lwenziwa rhoqo kunezinye iimvavanyo.

Zeziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa?

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwimbali yakho (neyeqabane lakho) yezonyango kunye nezinto ezinobungozi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nomcebisi wezemfuza ukuba usengozini yokufumana izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa.

Nazi ezinye iimvavanyo ezicetyiswayo:

• Uvavanyo lweZifo zeThyroid
• I-Toxoplasmosis (usulelo olunokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana)
• `Isibindi C`
• `I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)`
• Isifo sikaTay-Sachs (isifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza)
• Isifo seFragile X (imeko yemfuza)
• `Isifo sephepha`
• Isifo saseCanavan (isifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo)

Ngaba kufuneka ndenze zonke ezi mvavanyo?

Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Khumbula, zonke ezi mvavanyo "ziyacetyiswa" kuwe, hayi iimvavanyo "ekufuneka zenziwe". Isigqibo sesakho.

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo xa ecebisa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo:

• "Gqirha, kutheni ucela ukuba ndenze olu vavanyo?"
• "Zithini iingenelo zoku? Zithini iingozi?"
• "Yintoni kanye kanye endingayaziyo kwiziphumo zale nto? Yintoni endingayaziyo?"

Kubalulekile ukubuza le mibuzo nokwenza isigqibo esisekelwe kulwazi olufumeneyo. Oogqirha bacebisa olu vavanyo becinga ngezinto eziza kulungelwa wena nomntwana wakho.

Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho uze ukhethe eyona ikufaneleyo.

Okokugqibela, nantsi eminye imiyalezo omawuyithathe ekhaya:

Ukukhulelwa luhambo oluhle. Uvavanyo oludlulayo kolu hambo lukunceda wena nomntwana wakho kuphela.

• Olu vavanyo lokukhulelwa lubonelela ngolwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo kunye noxolo lwengqondo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
• Ulwazi olufumanayo kwezi zinto luza kukunceda ulungiselele ukufika komntwana wakho.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyaniseka nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into. Musa ukuthandabuza ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
• Isigqibo sokugqibela sihlala sisesakho.
• Kuko konke oku, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Sinqwenela wena nomntwana wakho ixesha elinempilo nelonwabisayo!

Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa , ikota yesibini, i-ultrasound, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, i-Down syndrome, uvavanyo lokukhulelwa, impilo yomntwana