Ngaba amehlo akho ayalubona olu hlobo lotshintsho? Masifunde ngePellucid Marginal Degeneration!

Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba umbono wakho uya usiba mbi kancinci kancinci? Ngamanye amaxesha awukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo nokuba usebenzisa iiglasi? Ngoko ke le yinto enokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kuwe. Esi sisifo samehlo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa kufanelekile ukuqaphela.

Yintoni kanye kanye iPellucid Marginal Degeneration?

Ngamafutshane, iPellusic Marginal Degeneration, okanye iPMD ngamafutshane, yimeko echaphazela i-cornea, inxalenye ecacileyo, ejikelezileyo engaphambili kweliso lakho. Ihamba kancinci. Uyazi, i-cornea esempilweni yiyo esinceda sibone ihlabathi ngokucacileyo. Ifana nelensi yekhamera.

Kwi-PMD, inxalenye ye-cornea, ingakumbi kufutshane nomphetho ongezantsi we-cornea, iba ncinci ngendlela yenyanga ecwebezelayo. Cinga ngewotshi. Oku kuncipha kudla ngokuvela kwindawo ephakathi kwezandla zesi-4 nezesi-8 zewotshi. Inxalenye ye-cornea engaphezulu kokuncipha iyavuthuluka phambili, ngamanye amazwi, iba yi-elliptical. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, imitha yokukhanya engena elisweni ayijoliswanga kakuhle. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-astigmatism. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kunokubangela ukuba ukubona kwakho kunciphe kancinci kancinci.

Ixesha elininzi, i-PMD ichaphazela omabini amehlo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela iliso elinye kuphela. Into entle kukuba ayibangeli amanxeba kwi-cornea. Yiyo loo nto i-cornea ihlala icacile (igama elithi `pellucid` lithetha "ukucaca").

Ngenxa yokuba i-PMD ikhula kancinci, usenokungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa njengoko i-cornea iqhubeka nokuncipha kwaye idumba phambili, i-astigmatism iyanda. Kulapho umbono wakho uba mandundu kancinci kancinci. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

I-PMD inokuchaphazela nabani na, nokuba uluphi uhlanga okanye uhlanga. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda. Idla ngokufunyaniswa kubantu abakwiminyaka yama-20, yama-30, okanye yama-40. Nangona kunjalo, inokufunyaniswa nakubantu abakwiminyaka yama-50 okanye nasemva koko.

Akukho zibalo zichanekileyo zokuba ixhaphake kangakanani. Nangona kunjalo, ayixhaphakanga njenge-keratoconus, enye imeko echaphazela i-cornea (apho i-cornea idumba phambili ibe yimo yekhowuni). I-Keratoconus kuqikelelwa ukuba ichaphazela phakathi komntu omnye kuma-400 kunye nomnye kuma-2,000. Ngoko ke i-PMD yimeko engaqhelekanga kancinci.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-PMD kukuwohloka kancinci kancinci kombono ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kungenxa yokwanda kwe-astigmatism. Uninzi lwabantu alubi nantlungu yamehlo okanye ezinye iimpawu ezithile.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, i-PMD inokubangela ingxaki enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-acute corneal hydrops. Oku kwenzeka xa i-cornea idumba ngequbuliso, okubangela umbono ofipheleyo kunye nokuziva ukukhanya. Abanye abantu banokuba neentlungu eziqatha. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni unobangela?

Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakafumani unobangela oqinisekileyo we-PMD okanye naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi, ngoko ke kunzima ukutsho ukuba kutheni kusenzeka oku.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto? Zeziphi iimvavanyo abazenzayo?

Ingcali yakho yamehlo (ophthalmologist) inokuxilonga i-PMD. Iza kuhlola amehlo akho, yenze iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, ize ikubuze ngeempawu zakho, ingakumbi ukuba ubusoloko ubona izinto ezingalunganga.

Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziswa ukuxilonga le meko, kwaye luthathwa njengo "mgangatho wegolide," lubizwa ngokuba yi-corneal topography. Olu luvavanyo olukhawulezayo nolungenabuhlungu. Okufuneka ukwenze kukuhlala phambi komatshini. Umatshini uthatha imifanekiso yamehlo akho aze enze iimaphu ezinemibala yomphezulu we-cornea. Ifana nemephu ebonisa ukuphakama kwentaba. Ugqirha wamehlo ufunda ezi maphu ukuze afunde ngokuma kunye nokugoba kwe-cornea yakho.

Imephu ye-cornea topography yomntu one-PMD ngamanye amaxesha ingabonisa "amahobe aqabulayo" (njengamahobe amabini aqabulayo) okanye "iinzipho zenkala" (njengezinzipho zenkala). Ezi mephu zibonisa iindawo ze-cornea ezigobile kabukhali, okanye ezivele ngaphandle, ngombala obomvu. Ezi mephu zisetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho ukumisela ukuba unayo na i-PMD okanye enye imeko echaphazela i-cornea (i-corneal ectasia).

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kubunzulu bemeko yakho kunye nokuba sele ihambe kangakanani na. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, unokukwazi ukusebenzisa iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana ukuphucula umbono wakho. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeelensi zokunxibelelana. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokukunceda ukhethe uhlobo olufanela imeko yakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nangona usenokubona ngcono xa unxibe iilensi zokunxibelelana, akuyi kuyithintela imeko ukuba ibe mandundu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba umbono wakho awulunganga ngokwaneleyo ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngeeglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, ekugqibeleni unokufuna utyando. Utyando lubandakanya ukususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo okanye yonke i-cornea yakho uze uyifake endaweni yayo izicubu ze-cornea eziphilileyo ezivela kumntu onikelayo. Kukwakho neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zenkqubo nganye.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela i-PMD?

Ngelishwa, akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela i-PMD.Kuba, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela oku.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe amehlo. Unokuyijonga impilo yamehlo akho ngokubanzi aze abone naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Ukuba i-PMD ifunyenwe kwangethuba, ingajongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba iqhubeka njani kwaye kucetywe unyango olufanelekileyo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-PMD?

Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono onokukuxelela ngemeko yakho. I-PMD ayibangeli ubumfama ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umbono wakho usiya usiba mandundu, unokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Izinga lesi sifo siqhubeka ngalo liyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Ke ngoko, iingcebiso zonyango kunye nokulandelela ubomi bonke kuyimfuneko ukuze kujongwe imeko yakho kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba isicwangciso sakho sonyango sisebenza kakuhle.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? Ndingawanyamekela njani amehlo am?

Ukuba une-PMD okanye esinye isifo se-cornea, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela ezi zinto:

• Kuphephe ukuhlikihla amehlo akho. Oku, nangona kungaqhelekanga, kunokubangela iingxaki ezifana ne-corneal hydrops.
• Kuphephe ukuhlikihla amehlo akho ngamandla. Oku kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kweso, nto leyo enokubangela i-cornea hydrops.
• Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, zicoce kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
• Gcina ucoceko lwamehlo lulungile. Hlamba indawo ejikeleze amehlo akho yonke imihla ngesepha ethambileyo namanzi afudumeleyo. Emva koko yomise ngelaphu elithambileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Kuthekani ukuba yingxamiseko?

Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uhlolwe amehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba uze kuhlolwa kwangethuba. Qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke ezo zihlandlo.

Kwakhona, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye uqaphela naluphi na utshintsho olungachazwanga, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni omawuyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?

Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, isenokuba yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ngoko ke tsalela umnxeba ku-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwicandelo lezonyango elikufutshane:

• Intlungu yeliso eqatha nengalindelekanga.
• Ukubona okufipheleyo ngequbuliso okanye ukubona kabini.
• Ukudumba kwamehlo (i-Edema).

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-PMD, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Xoxa ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho kunye neenkxalabo zakho nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane iimpendulo ozifunayo. Umzekelo, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Imeko yam ihambele phambili kangakanani?
• Yeyiphi indlela yonyango engcono kum?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna utyando?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndinyamekele amehlo am ekhaya?
• Ngaba kukho imisebenzi endingafanele ndiyenze?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwePellucid Marginal Degeneration (PMD) kunye neKeratoconus?

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, i-PMD ingabonakala ifana ne-keratoconus (imeko apho i-cornea ivuvukala phambili ibe yimo yekhowuni). Ngenxa yoko, abanye abantu abane-PMD banokuchongwa ngendlela engafanelekanga njenge-keratoconus, nangona bene-PMD. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwezi meko zimbini.

Enye into ekufuneka uyazi kukuba unokuba ne-PMD kunye ne-keratoconus. Enyanisweni, malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi abane-PMD nabo bane-keratoconus.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukonakala kwePellucid Marginal Degeneration kunokuchaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla kwaye kunokukwenza uxhalabe kancinci ngekamva. Nangona kunjalo, yithathe imihla ngemihla, kwaye usebenzisane neengcali zakho ukuze ufumane unyango olufunayo. Uninzi lwabantu abane-PMD abanazo iingxaki ezinkulu. Banokuyilawula le meko ngeeglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana. Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo kunye nento onokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala uzolile kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Ukonakala kwePellucid Marginal Degeneration, i-PMD, iCornea, i-Astigmatism, ukulahleka kokubona, izifo zamehlo, i-Corneal Topography, iKeratoconus